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NEET • BIOLOGY • PRINCIPLE OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

Principle of inheritance and variation practice · Medium

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121 Medium
121 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
Mutations are generally induced by means of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
γ−rays\gamma - rays
Option C (γ−rays\gamma - rays) is correct because gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic radiation that can induce mutations in DNA.
122 Medium
122 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
Number of chromosomes present in the meiocyte of house fly is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
12
Option A is correct because the meiocyte (a diploid cell undergoing meiosis) of a house fly has 2n=12 chromosomes.
123 Medium
123 of 188
Application +4 | -1
Ratio of progeny, when a red coloured heterozygote is crossed with a white coloured plant in which red colour is dominant to white colour
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
1:11\mathrm{ }:\mathrm{ }1
Option B (1:11\mathrm{ }:\mathrm{ }1) is correct because crossing a heterozygote (Rr) with a white colored plant (rr) results in a 1:1 ratio of red (Rr) to white (rr) progeny.
124 Medium
124 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
Females are heterogametic in all except
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Grasshopper
Option B (Grasshopper) is correct because in grasshoppers, females have two X chromosomes (XX) and males have one X chromosome (XO), making males heterogametic.
125 Medium
125 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
The chromosome constitution 2n-2 of an organism represents
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Nullisomic
Option B (Nullisomic) is correct because it represents the chromosome constitution 2n-2, indicating the absence of a homologous chromosome pair.
126 Medium
126 of 188
Analyzing +4 | -1
A cross between two plants of Pisum sativum having violet coloured flowers, resulted in production of few plants producing white flowers. What would be the genotype of the parent plants?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
VvV v and VvV v
Option B (VvV v and VvV v) is correct because the appearance of white flowers (recessive trait) in the offspring indicates that both parent plants must be heterozygous (VvVv) for flower color, allowing for the possibility of the homozygous recessive genotype (vvvv) in the offspring.
127 Medium
127 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
Which of these is a dominant factor?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Rh factor
Option A (Rh factor) is correct because the presence of the Rh factor is a dominant trait, meaning only one copy of the gene is needed for it to be expressed.
128 Medium
128 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
Number of chromosomes are different in male and female individuals in
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Grasshopper
Option B (Grasshopper) is correct because sex determination in grasshoppers depends on the number of X chromosomes, with males having one less chromosome than females.
129 Medium
129 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
In sex linkage, the speciality is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Criss-cross inheritance
The correct answer is B (Criss-cross inheritance) because sex-linked traits often exhibit criss-cross inheritance, where males inherit the trait from their mothers.
130 Medium
130 of 188
Analyzing +4 | -1
Assertion : Haemophilia never occurs in women.

Reason : Gene for haemophilia is located on X
chromosome.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
If Assertion is true but Reason is false
Option C (Assertion is true but Reason is false) is correct. Haemophilia is rare in women but can occur, and the gene is located on the X chromosome.
131 Medium
131 of 188
Analyzing +4 | -1
A child of blood group-O cannot have parents of blood groups
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
AB and O
Option B (AB and O) is correct because if one parent has blood type AB (IAIBI^AI^B) and the other has blood type O (iiii), their child can only have blood type A (IAiI^Ai) or B (IBiI^Bi).
132 Medium
132 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
(N)×(N+1)\left( N \right) \times \left( {N + 1} \right) gametic combination will cause which of the following types of mutation?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Trisomy
Option B (Trisomy) is correct because the (N) x (N+1) gametic combination results in a zygote with an extra chromosome, which is the definition of trisomy.
133 Medium
133 of 188
Analyzing +4 | -1
A child has heterozygous allele for blood group A. What can be most possible interpretation w.r.t. blood group of his/her parents?
A) Both the parents have same genotype IA  IO{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{A}}\,\,{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{O}} and IA  IO{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{A}}\,\,{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{O}}
B) Both the parents are of blood group O
C) One of the parent may have blood group AB while other have blood O.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
A and C
Option B (A and C) is correct because both scenarios A and C can result in a child with a heterozygous blood group A (IA IO{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{A}}\,{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{O}}).
134 Medium
134 of 188
Analyzing +4 | -1
The genotypes of a plant variety were TtHh, Tthh, ttHh and tthh, where T = tallness and H = hairy stem. Which one of the following crosses would produce progeny giving a phenotypic ratio approximately 1:1:1:11: 1: 1: 1?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
TtHh ×\times tthh
Option D (TtHh ×\times tthh) is correct because this cross represents a dihybrid test cross, which typically results in a 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio.
135 Medium
135 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
Which of the following pairs of features is a good example of polygenic inheritance?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Human height and skin colour
The correct answer is A (Human height and skin colour) because both are influenced by multiple genes, showing continuous variation characteristic of polygenic inheritance.
136 Medium
136 of 188
Application +4 | -1
In a plant, red fruit (R) dominant over yellow fruit (r) and tallness (T) is dominant over shortness (t). If a plant with RRTT genotype is crossed with a plant that is rrtt. Then
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All of the offsprings will be tall with red fruits
Option D (All of the offsprings will be tall with red fruits) is correct because when RRTT is crossed with rrtt, all offspring will be RrTt, which expresses the dominant phenotypes of tallness and red fruit.
137 Medium
137 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
After examining the blood groups of husband and wife, the doctor advised them not to have more than one child, the blood group of the couple are likely to be
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Female Rh−andmaleRh+\mathrm{R}{\mathrm{h}^ - }\mathrm{and male R}{\mathrm{h}^ + }
Option B (Female Rh−andmaleRh+\mathrm{R}{\mathrm{h}^ - }\mathrm{and male R}{\mathrm{h}^ + }) is correct because it can lead to erythroblastosis fetalis in the fetus during the second pregnancy.
138 Medium
138 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
In blood group typing in human, if an allele contributed by one parent is IA{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{A}}and an allele contributed by the other parent is i, the resulting blood group of the offspring will be
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
A
Option A (A) is correct because the genotype IA{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{A}}i results in blood type A, as the IA{\mathrm{I}^\mathrm{A}} allele is dominant over the i allele.
139 Medium
139 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
The nucleoprotein structures that occur at the ends of the chromosomes are
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Telomeres
Option B (Telomeres) is correct because telomeres are specialized structures at the ends of chromosomes that protect them from degradation and fusion.
140 Medium
140 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
Chromosome is made up of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
DNA +histone
Option C (DNA +histone) is correct because chromosomes are composed of DNA tightly packed and organized around histone proteins.
141 Medium
141 of 188
Analyzing +4 | -1
A man and a woman, who do not show any apparent sign of a certain inherited disease, have seven children (two daughter and five sons). Three of the sons suffer from the given disease but none of the daughters are affected. Which of the following mode of inheritance do you suggest for this disease?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Sex –linked recessive
Option C (2) is correct. It is a trihybrid cross (Aa, Bb, Cc) and 8 types of gametes are formed (23 = 8).
142 Medium
142 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
Multiple allele can be manifested only when there is the study of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Population
Option C (Population) is correct because multiple alleles can only be observed and studied at the population level, not in individual organisms.
143 Medium
143 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
Genes for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants are generally located in
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Mitochondrial genome
Option A (Mitochondrial genome) is correct because genes for cytoplasmic male sterility are often located in the mitochondrial genome in plants.
144 Medium
144 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
Select the correct statement from the ones given below with respect to dihybrid cross.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show very few recombinations
Option D (Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome show very few recombinations) is correct because tightly linked genes are physically close together, making them less likely to be separated during crossing over.
145 Medium
145 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
Two crosses between the same pair of genotypes or phenotypes, in which the sources of the gametes are reversed in one cross, is known as
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Reciprocal cross
Option D (Reciprocal cross) is correct because a reciprocal cross involves reversing the sources of gametes to determine the role of parental sex on inheritance patterns.
146 Medium
146 of 188
Remembering +4 | -1
Ishihara chart is used to detect
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Colour blindness
Option C (Colour blindness) is correct because the Ishihara chart is specifically designed to detect deficiencies in color vision, indicating color blindness.
147 Medium
147 of 188
Application +4 | -1
What will be the linkage strength present between two genes A & B, which are 6 cM far from each other on a chromosome?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
0.94
Option C (0.94) is correct because linkage strength is calculated as 1 - recombination frequency, and 6 cM corresponds to a recombination frequency of 0.06.
148 Medium
148 of 188
Analyzing +4 | -1
Assertion : Sickle-cell anaemia is a genetically
determined disorder affecting many new born
babies.

Reason : It is caused by heterozygosity for
allele HbsH{b^s}
producing a single amino acid
substitution in the a-chain of the normal
haemoglobin molecule determined by allele HbAH{b^A}
.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
If Assertion is true but Reason is false
Option C (Assertion is true but Reason is false) is correct because sickle-cell anemia is caused by homozygosity for the Hb^s allele, not heterozygosity.
149 Medium
149 of 188
Application +4 | -1
In which cross will you get most pink flowers?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Red ×\timeswhite
Option D (Red ×\timeswhite) is correct because it will produce 100% pink flowers, assuming incomplete dominance.
150 Medium
150 of 188
Understanding +4 | -1
Cytoplasmic inheritance always shows
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Maternal characters
Option B (Maternal characters) is correct because cytoplasmic inheritance involves genes present in organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, which are primarily inherited from the mother.
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