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NEET • BIOLOGY • PRINCIPLE OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
Principle of inheritance and variation practice · Easy
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A woman has an X-linked condition on one of her chromosomes. This chromosomes can be inherited by
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Correct option: A
Both sons and daughters
Option A (Both sons and daughters) is correct because a woman passes one of her X chromosomes to each of her children, regardless of their sex.
2
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Application
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On crossing two heterozygous tall plants (Tt), and total of 500 plants were obtained in generation. What will be the respective number of tall and dwarf plants obtained in generation?
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Correct option: A
375, 125
Option A (375, 125) is correct because in a cross between two heterozygous tall plants (Tt x Tt), the expected phenotypic ratio is 3:1 (Tall: Dwarf).
3
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Syndrome stands for
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Correct option: A
A group of symptoms
Option A (A group of symptoms) is correct because a syndrome is defined as a collection of signs and symptoms that characterize a particular condition.
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Sex chromosomes are also known as
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Correct option: B
Allosomes
Option B (Allosomes) is correct because sex chromosomes are also known as allosomes.
5
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If genes of an allelic pair are not-same. This condition is called
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Correct option: B
Heterozygous
Option B (Heterozygous) is correct because heterozygous refers to a condition where the genes of an allelic pair are not the same, meaning the individual has two different alleles for a particular trait.
6
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Sudden and heritable change in a character of an organism is called
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Correct option: A
Mutation
Option A (Mutation) is correct because a mutation is defined as a sudden and heritable change in the genetic material of an organism.
7
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Remembering
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The chromosomal number in the meiocytes of housefly is
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Correct option: B
12
Option B (12) is correct because the housefly has a diploid chromosome number of 12, meaning its meiocytes (cells undergoing meiosis) also have 12 chromosomes.
8
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Sex chromosomes of male are
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Correct option: B
Heterozygous
Option B (Heterozygous) is correct because males have XY sex chromosomes, which are dissimilar, making them heterozygous.
9
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Remembering
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Which one of the following is an example of polygenic
inheritance ?
inheritance ?
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Correct option: C
Skin colour in humans
Option C (Skin colour in humans) is correct because skin color in humans is determined by multiple genes (polygenes) that have an additive effect on the phenotype, resulting in a continuous range of skin tones.
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Which of the following statement confirm the law of dominance
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Correct option: A
3:1 ratio in generation
Option A (3:1 ratio in generation) is correct because the 3:1 phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross demonstrates the dominance of one allele over the other.
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After a mutation at a genetic locus character of an organism changes due to the change in
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Correct option: A
Protein structure
Option A (Protein structure) is correct because a mutation in a gene ultimately alters the protein structure, leading to a change in the organism's character.
12
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Application
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How many maximum different types of gametes can be formed by the genotype AaBBCc?
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Correct option: A
Four
Option A (Four) is correct because the number of different gametes is determined by the number of heterozygous gene pairs, which is 2 in this case (Aa and Cc), so .
13
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Remembering
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Haemophilia in man is due to
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Correct option: A
Sex-linked inheritance
Option A (Sex-linked inheritance) is correct because hemophilia is caused by a recessive gene located on the X chromosome.
14
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Exposure of X-rays enhances the frequency of
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Correct option: B
Crossing over
Option B (Crossing over) is correct because X-rays are known to increase the frequency of crossing over during meiosis.
15
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Father of ‘genetics’ is
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Correct option: B
Mendel
Option B (Mendel) is correct because Gregor Mendel is widely recognized as the father of genetics due to his groundbreaking work on inheritance.
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The 1 : 2 : 1 ratio with the pink flower in the -generation indicate the phenomenon of
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Correct option: C
Incomplete dominance
Option C ( Incomplete dominance) is correct because the 1:2:1 ratio in the F2 generation, with a distinct pink flower phenotype, is a hallmark of incomplete dominance.
17
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Remembering
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Which of the following type of mutation involves the reverse order of genes in a chromosome?
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Correct option: C
Inversion
Option C (Inversion) is correct because an inversion mutation involves the reversal of a segment of a chromosome.
18
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Remembering
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Genes, when close together on a chromosome, are known as
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Correct option: A
Linkage
Option A (Linkage) is correct because genes located close together on the same chromosome are said to be linked.
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Remembering
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Heredity is
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Correct option: A
Transmission of characters
Option A (Transmission of characters) is correct because heredity is the process by which traits are passed down from parents to offspring.
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Aneuploidy is not resulted in
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Correct option: D
Sickle cell anaemia
Option D (Sickle cell anaemia) is correct because it is caused by a point mutation in the beta-globin gene, not aneuploidy.
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T.H. Morgan worked with the tiny fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster for experimental verification of chromosomal theory of inheritance, as they are very suitable for such studies because
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
It has many types of hereditary variations that can be seen with low power microscopes
Option C (It has many types of hereditary variations that can be seen with low power microscopes) is correct because Drosophila exhibits a wide range of easily observable traits, making it ideal for genetic studies.
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Analyzing
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Find out the mismatched pair
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Correct option: D
Turner’s syndrome – y – linked
Option D (Turner’s syndrome – y – linked) is correct because Turner's syndrome is characterized by the genotype XO, meaning it involves the absence of one X chromosome, not a Y-linked condition.
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A person with type A blood group may safely receive a transfusion of
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Correct option: B
Type-A and type –O
Option B (Type-A and type –O) is correct because a person with type A blood has A antigens and anti-B antibodies, so they can receive blood from type A (which has A antigens) and type O (which has no A or B antigens).
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Red (RR) Antirrhinum is crossed with white (WW) one. Offspring RW are pink. This is an example of
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Correct option: B
Incomplete dominance
Option B (Incomplete dominance) is correct because the offspring exhibit a phenotype that is intermediate between the two parental phenotypes.
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Which of the following is not a correct match?
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Correct option: B
Y-chromosome - Autosomal
Option B (Y-chromosome - Autosomal) is the incorrect match because the Y-chromosome is a sex chromosome, not an autosome.
26
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Method of sex determination in cockroach is
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Correct option: A
XO type
Option A (XO type) is correct because the method of sex determination in cockroaches is XO type, where males have one X chromosome and females have two.
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Which of the following statements are false?
I. A Dominant allele determines the phenotype when paired with a recessive allele
II. A recessive allele is weaker than a dominant allele
III. A recessive allele do not shows its effects when paired with a dominant allele
IV. A dominant allele is always better for an organism
I. A Dominant allele determines the phenotype when paired with a recessive allele
II. A recessive allele is weaker than a dominant allele
III. A recessive allele do not shows its effects when paired with a dominant allele
IV. A dominant allele is always better for an organism
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
II, III and IV
Option B (II, III and IV) is correct because a recessive allele is not weaker, it is simply masked by a dominant allele. A recessive allele does show its effect when paired with another recessive allele. A dominant allele is not always better for an organism.
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Test cross is a cross between
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Correct option: B
Option B () is correct because a test cross involves crossing an individual with an unknown genotype (but expressing the dominant phenotype) with a homozygous recessive individual.
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Application
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A heterozygous pea plant with round shaped, yellow colored seeds (RrYy) is self crossed. What will be the probability to get the genotype rryy?
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Correct option: B
Option B () is correct because the probability of getting rryy from a self-crossed RrYy plant is the product of the probabilities of getting rr and yy, which are both 1/4.
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Carrier organism refers to an individual, which carries a
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Correct option: B
Recessive gene, that is not expressed
Option B (Recessive gene, that is not expressed) is correct because a carrier organism carries a recessive gene that is not expressed in its phenotype due to the presence of a dominant allele.
Revision notes and key takeaways
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Key Takeaways
- ✓ This set contains 111 single-correct-answer MCQs on PRINCIPLE OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION.
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