${{\rm{F}}_1}$crossed with heterozygous parent

${{\rm{F}}_1}$ crossed with homozygous dominant parent

${{\rm{F}}_1}$ crossed with homozygous parent

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NEET • BIOLOGY • PRINCIPLE OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

Principle of inheritance and variation practice · Medium

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Showing 1-30 of 188 questions

1 Medium

1 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

Some individuals with blood group –A may inherit the genes for blonde hair, while other individuals with blood group – A may the gene for brown hair. This can be best explained by the principle of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Independent assortment

Option C (Independent assortment) is correct because the inheritance of blood group A and hair color are independent events, as stated by the principle of independent assortment.

2 Medium

2 of 188

Remembering +4 | -1

Colourblindness is caused due to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Recessive female chromosome

Option A (Recessive female chromosome) is correct because colorblindness is typically caused by a recessive gene located on the X chromosome, which is a female chromosome.

3 Medium

3 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

Test cross is when

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{\mathrm{F}_1}

crossed with homozygous recessive parent

Option C (

{\mathrm{F}_1}

crossed with homozygous recessive parent) is correct because a test cross involves crossing the F1 generation with a homozygous recessive parent to determine the genotype of the F1.

4 Medium

4 of 188

Remembering +4 | -1

Haemophilia, a X-linked recessive disease is caused due to deficiency of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Lack of clotting material and vitamin-K

Option C (Lack of clotting material and vitamin-K) is correct because hemophilia is caused by a deficiency in blood clotting factors, and vitamin K is essential for their synthesis.

5 Medium

5 of 188

Application +4 | -1

Which of the following crosses would produce a genotypic ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 in

{F_2}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Ab \times Ab

Option C (

Ab \times Ab

) is correct because a cross between two heterozygotes for a single gene will result in a 1:2:1 genotypic ratio.

6 Medium

6 of 188

Remembering +4 | -1

When different alleles of the same gene are present on an individual, the individual is a

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Homozygous

Option C (Homozygous) is correct because when different alleles of the same gene are present on an individual, the individual is a heterozygous, not homozygous.

7 Medium

7 of 188

Application +4 | -1

Pure tall pea plant with round seeds is crossed with pure dwarf pea plant with wrinkled seeds. The probability of genotype ttRR in

F_2

generation is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\frac{1}{16}

Option A (

\frac{1}{16}

) is correct because in a dihybrid cross, the probability of obtaining a specific homozygous recessive genotype (ttRR) is (1/4)*(1/4) = 1/16.

8 Medium

8 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

Frameshift mutation and base pair substitution changes the

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Nucleotide sequence

Option B (Nucleotide sequence) is correct because frameshift mutations and base pair substitutions directly alter the order of nucleotides in the DNA or RNA.

9 Medium

9 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

In case of incomplete dominance, what will be the phenotypic ratio of

{F_2}

generation?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

0.04306713

Option A (0.042361111) is incorrect. The phenotypic ratio for F2 generation in incomplete dominance is 1:2:1, not a decimal value. The correct answer should be a ratio.

10 Medium

10 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

Genotype is the

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Genetic constitution of the phenotype

Option B (Genetic constitution of the phenotype) is correct because the genotype is the genetic constitution that underlies the phenotype.

11 Medium

11 of 188

Remembering +4 | -1

The phenomenon of a single gene regulating several phenotypes is called

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Pleiotropism

Option D (Pleiotropism) is correct because pleiotropism describes a single gene influencing multiple phenotypic traits.

12 Medium

12 of 188

Application +4 | -1

If the frequency of a recessive phenotype in a stable population is

25\%

, the frequency of the
dominant allele in that population is?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

50\,\%

Option A (

50\,\%

) is correct because if the frequency of the recessive phenotype (q²) is 25%, then the frequency of the recessive allele (q) is

\sqrt{0.25} = 0.5

, and the frequency of the dominant allele (p) is

1 - q = 1 - 0.5 = 0.5

or 50%.

13 Medium

13 of 188

Analyzing +4 | -1

Identify the wrong statement.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

In domesticated fowls, the sex of the progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than the egg

Option D (In domesticated fowls, the sex of the progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than the egg) is the wrong statement because in birds, sex determination is determined by the type of egg (ZW system), not the sperm.

14 Medium

14 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

A hereditary disease, which is never passed on from father to son is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

X-chromosomal linked disease

The correct answer is C (Y-chromosomal linked disease) because Y-linked genes are only passed from father to son.

15 Medium

15 of 188

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Genetic make up of sperm determines the sex of human child.

Reason: Males are homogametic in humans

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

Option C (If the assertion is true but the reason is false) is correct because the genetic makeup of the sperm does determine the sex of the child, but males are heterogametic (XY), not homogametic.

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16 Medium

16 of 188

Analyzing +4 | -1

The wife of an albino person is normal, but his son is albino. This indicates that the lady for this trait is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Heterozygous

Option B (Heterozygous) is correct because for the son to be albino, both parents must carry the recessive allele, and since the wife is normal, she must be heterozygous.

17 Medium

17 of 188

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Alleles can transmit from parents to progeny without variations.

Reason: Alleles of different genes could be linked.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion

Option B (If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because both statements are true, but linkage doesn't explain why alleles transmit without variations.

18 Medium

18 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

Strength of the linkage between the two genes is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Inversely proportionate to the distance between them

Option B (Inversely proportionate to the distance between them) is correct because genes that are closer together are more likely to be inherited together, indicating stronger linkage.

19 Medium

19 of 188

Remembering +4 | -1

Point mutation arises due to change in

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Single base DNA

Option A (Single base DNA) is correct because a point mutation involves a change in a single base within the DNA sequence.

20 Medium

20 of 188

Analyzing +4 | -1

If the blood group of the mother and the child is O and B respectively. Then the person of the following blood group cannot be the father of this child

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

O and A

Option A (O and A) is correct because if the mother is O and the child is B, the father must have at least one B allele. Therefore, a father with only O and A alleles cannot be the father.

21 Medium

21 of 188

Remembering +4 | -1

A condition, where a certain gene is present in only a single copy in a diploid cell, is called

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Four different types of gametes produed by the

{F_1}

-dihybrid

The correct answer is A (Four different types of gametes produced by the

{F_1}

-dihybrid) because a condition where a gene is present in only a single copy in a diploid cell is called hemizygous, which is observed in the gametes of an F1 dihybrid.

22 Medium

22 of 188

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: When white eyed, yellow bodied
drosophila females were hybridized with red
eyed, brown-bodied males; and

{F_1}

progeny was
intercrossed,

{F_2}

ratio deviated from 9 : 3 : 3 : 1.

Reason: When two genes in a dihybrid are on
the same chromosome, the proportion of parental
gene combinations are much higher than the non parental type.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A (If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because linked genes on the same chromosome result in a deviation from the expected Mendelian ratio due to a higher proportion of parental gene combinations.

23 Medium

23 of 188

Application +4 | -1

In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green. If a heterozygous yellow seeded plant is crossed with a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green seeded plants could you expect in

F_1

-generation

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

50:50

Option D (

50:50

) is correct because a heterozygous yellow seeded plant (Yy) crossed with a green seeded plant (yy) will produce a 1:1 ratio of yellow (Yy) and green (yy) offspring.

24 Medium

24 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

The modern concept of gene is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Functional unit of DNA

Option B is correct because the modern concept of a gene defines it as a functional unit of DNA that codes for a specific product.

25 Medium

25 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

Genes when present in homozygous condition results in non – viable progeny, the factor responsible for such conditions are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Lethal genes

Option C (Lethal genes) is correct because lethal genes, when homozygous, cause the death of the organism, resulting in non-viable progeny.

26 Medium

26 of 188

Application +4 | -1

In cross between yellow round (YYRR) and green wrinkled (yyrr) find out the ratio between seeds having yellow and green seed colour

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

3\mathrm{ }:\mathrm{ }1

Option B (

3\mathrm{ }:\mathrm{ }1

) is correct because in the F2 generation of a dihybrid cross between YYRR and yyrr, the ratio of yellow to green seed color is 3:1.

27 Medium

27 of 188

Application +4 | -1

How many different types of gametes can be formed by

{\mathrm{F}_1}

progeny, resulting from the following cross?

\mathrm{AA BB CC} \times \mathrm{aa bb cc}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Option B (8) is correct because the number of different types of gametes is calculated using the formula 2^n, where n is the number of heterozygous gene pairs.

28 Medium

28 of 188

Application +4 | -1

In a medicolegal case of accidental interchange between two babies in a hospital, the baby of the blood group-A could not be rightly given to a couple with

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Husband of B group and wife of O group

Option C (Husband of B group and wife of O group) is correct because a child with blood group A cannot have parents with blood groups B and O.

29 Medium

29 of 188

Remembering +4 | -1

A condition characterized by not having an exact number of chromosomes in a multiple of haploid set is called

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

aneuploidy

Option C (aneuploidy) is correct because aneuploidy is the condition of having an abnormal number of chromosomes, not an exact multiple of the haploid set.

30 Medium

30 of 188

Understanding +4 | -1

If a cross between two individuals produces offspringe with 50% dominant character (A) and 50% recessive character (a),then the genotypes of parents are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Alternative forms of a gene at a given locus

The correct answer is D (Alternative forms of a gene at a given locus) because the production of offspring with 50% dominant and 50% recessive traits suggests a cross between a heterozygous (Aa) and a homozygous recessive (aa) individual, illustrating alternative forms of a gene (alleles) at a specific location (locus).

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