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NEET • BIOLOGY • MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

Molecular basis of inheritance practice · Mixed difficulty

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Showing 361-388 of 388 questions

361 Medium

361 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

In his bacteriophage experiments, Hershey and Chase demonstrated that DNA is genetic material in

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{T_2}

bacteriophage

Option C (

{T_2}

bacteriophage) is correct because Hershey and Chase used T2 bacteriophage in their experiments.

362 Medium

362 of 388

Application +4 | -1

If the DNA has 20% Adenine, then what is the % of Guanine?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

30\%

Option B (

30\%

) is correct because in DNA, A=T and G=C. If Adenine is 20%, Thymine is also 20%. The remaining 60% is split equally between Guanine and Cytosine.

363 Easy

363 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

Which is the common point of similarity between DNA and RNA?

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Correct option: B

Both are polymers of nucleotides

Option B (Both are polymers of nucleotides) is correct because both DNA and RNA are polymers made up of nucleotide monomers.

364 Medium

364 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

Number of ester bonds in a helics of B-DNA?

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Correct option: C

Option C (18) is correct because each nucleotide has one ester bond, and there are approximately 9-10 base pairs per turn in B-DNA, with each base pair having two ester bonds on the backbone, hence around 18.

365 Hard

365 of 388

Application +4 | -1

A small segment of DNA contains the base sequence CGT. If an mRNA transcript is made that includes this DNA sequence, what will be the anticodon on the tRNA that will bind to the corresponding mRNA codon for this DNA triplet?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

CGU

Option C (CGU) is correct because the mRNA codon is GCA (complement of CGT), and the tRNA anticodon is CGU (complement of GCA, with T replaced by U).

366 Hard

366 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

What is the role of RNA polymerase III in the process of transcription in Eukaryotes?

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Correct option: D

Transcription of tRNA, 5S rRNA and snRNA

Option D (Transcription of tRNA, 5S rRNA and snRNA) is correct because RNA polymerase III is responsible for transcribing tRNA, 5S rRNA, and snRNA genes in eukaryotes.

367 Medium

367 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

All of the given are stop codons, except

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

AUG

Option B (AUG) is correct because AUG is the start codon, while the others are stop codons.

368 Hard

368 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

Select the option with correct set of statements for human genome project.

(a) Less than

2 \%

of the genome codes for protein

(b) About 4.1 million location where

SNPs

present

(c) Chromosome

Y

has 231 genes

(d) The average gene consist of 300 base pairs

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Only (a) and (c)

Option C (Only (a) and (c)) is correct because less than 2% of the genome codes for protein and chromosome Y has 231 genes are correct statements about the human genome project.

369 Hard

369 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

In an experiment with bacteriophage, performed by Hershey and Chase, radioactivity in medium was due to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{S}^{35}

in capsid of bacteriophage

Option C (

\mathrm{S}^{35}

in capsid of bacteriophage) is correct because Hershey and Chase used radioactive sulfur to label the protein capsid of the bacteriophage, and this radioactivity was found in the medium after infection.

370 Easy

370 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

A classical example of point mutation in human is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Sickle cell anaemia

Option B is correct because sickle cell anemia is a classical example of a point mutation where a single nucleotide change in the beta-globin gene leads to a change in the amino acid sequence.

371 Medium

371 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

DNA fingerprinting involves identifying differences in some specific regions in DNA sequence, called as

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Correct option: D

Repetitive DNA

Option D is correct because DNA fingerprinting relies on identifying differences in repetitive DNA sequences, also known as VNTRs or microsatellites.

372 Medium

372 of 388

Analyzing +4 | -1

While analysing the DNA of an organism a total number of
5386 nucleotides were found out of which the proportion of
different bases were Adenine = 29% Guanine = 17% Cytosine
= 32%, Thymine = 17%. Considering the Chargaffs rule it can
be concluded that

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

it is single-stranded DNA

Option B (it is single-stranded DNA) is correct because Chargaff's rules (A=T and G=C) do not hold true for the given nucleotide proportions, indicating that it is single-stranded DNA.

373 Medium

373 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

In lac operon, when repressor protein binds to operator then

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

RNA polymerase cannot bind to the promoter

Option B (RNA polymerase cannot bind to the promoter) is correct because the repressor protein physically blocks RNA polymerase from binding to the promoter region.

374 Easy

374 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following is correct for tRNA?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

It was earlier named as soluble RNA

Option D (It was earlier named as soluble RNA) is correct because tRNA was initially known as soluble RNA due to its small size and solubility.

375 Hard

375 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following is the smallest RNA?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

tRNA

Option B (tRNA) is correct because tRNA is the smallest RNA molecule, typically around 75-95 nucleotides long.

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376 Medium

376 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

The scientists involved in discovery of DNA as chemical basis of heredity were

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Avery, Mac Leod and Mc Carty

Option C (Avery, Mac Leod and Mc Carty) is correct because they provided experimental evidence that DNA is the substance that causes bacterial transformation, demonstrating it as the chemical basis of heredity.

377 Medium

377 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

Chemically RNA is __(i)__ reactive and __(ii)__ stable as compared to DNA.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

i – More, ii – less

Option C (i – More, ii – less) is correct because RNA is more reactive due to the presence of the 2'-OH group and less stable compared to DNA.

378 Medium

378 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following process represents
the dominance of RNA world?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Splicing

Option C (Splicing) is correct because splicing, the removal of introns from pre-mRNA, is a process that highlights the catalytic role of RNA, supporting the RNA world hypothesis.

379 Medium

379 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

In Hershey and Chase experiment the viral DNA can be labelled with?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

{}^{32}P

Option A (

{}^{32}P

) is correct because DNA contains phosphorus, and

{}^{32}P

is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus that can be used to label DNA.

380 Easy

380 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

In DNA, which of the following is absent?

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Correct option: D

Uracil

Option D (Uracil) is correct because uracil is a nitrogenous base found in RNA, not DNA. DNA contains thymine instead.

381 Medium

381 of 388

Application +4 | -1

There is a tRNA with anticodon UAC. If we apply the wobble hypothesis, then this tRNA can decode which
of these codons?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

It can decode AUG but not AUC, AUU and AUA

Option C (It can decode AUG but not AUC, AUU and AUA) is correct because, according to the wobble hypothesis, UAC can only decode AUG. The wobble base is the 3' base of the codon and the 5' base of the anticodon.

382 Medium

382 of 388

Application +4 | -1

If there are 999 bases in an RNA that codes for a protein with 333 amino acids, and the base at position 901 is deleted such that the length of the RNA becomes 998 bases, how many codons will be altered?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Option D (33) is correct because the deletion shifts the reading frame, altering all codons from the point of deletion until the end of the mRNA. 998 - 900 = 98 bases. 98/3 = 32.66, rounded up to 33 codons.

383 Medium

383 of 388

Remembering +4 | -1

The DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can be visualised after staining with

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Ethidium bromide

Option A is correct because ethidium bromide is the standard dye used to visualize DNA fragments in agarose gels, as it intercalates between DNA bases and fluoresces under UV light.

384 Medium

384 of 388

Application +4 | -1

ATCCAG DNA form which mRNA

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

UAGGUC

Option A (UAGGUC) is correct because in transcription, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U), thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A), cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C).

385 Medium

385 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

What is the criterion for DNA fragments movement on agarose gel during gel electrophoresis?

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Correct option: C

The smaller the fragments size, the farther it moves

Option C (The smaller the fragments size, the farther it moves) is correct because smaller DNA fragments migrate faster and farther through the agarose gel matrix.

386 Easy

386 of 388

Application +4 | -1

In a DNA segment having six coils, there are 22 nitrogen base pair linked by two hydrogen bonds. How many cytosine bases are found in that segment?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Option D is correct. With 6 coils, there are 60 base pairs. 22 are A-T pairs, leaving 38 G-C pairs, meaning there are 38 cytosine bases.

387 Hard

387 of 388

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): BAC & YAC are the common vectors used in HGP.

Reason (R): IN HGP, sequencing was done by automated DNA sequencers that worked on methods of F. Sanger.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)

Option B (Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because while both statements are true, Sanger sequencing doesn't explain why BAC and YAC are used.

388 Easy

388 of 388

Application +4 | -1

An analysis of a DNA (double strandard) sample yielded 18% cytosine. What would be the percentage of other bases in this sample?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

T- 32%, A-32%, G-18%

Option A (T- 32%, A-32%, G-18%) is correct because in DNA, A=T and G=C. Given C=18%, G is also 18%. The remaining percentage is split equally between A and T.

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