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NEET • BIOLOGY • MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
Molecular basis of inheritance practice · Medium
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1
Medium
1 of 201
Analyzing
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Assertion: The bacteria and other prokaryotes
show high adaptability to the changing
environment.
Reason: Member of kingdom Monera are
efficient in regulating gene expression.
show high adaptability to the changing
environment.
Reason: Member of kingdom Monera are
efficient in regulating gene expression.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
Option A is correct because both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains why prokaryotes are highly adaptable.
2
Medium
2 of 201
Remembering
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Dystrophin gene consists of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
2.4 million bases
Option B (2.4 million bases) is correct because the dystrophin gene is known to consist of approximately 2.4 million bases.
3
Medium
3 of 201
Understanding
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Reactive group of RNA is?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
group
Option C ( group) is correct because the presence of a hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose sugar in RNA makes it more reactive compared to DNA.
4
Medium
4 of 201
Remembering
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The following codon do not code for any amino acid?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All
Option D (All) is correct because UAA, UGA, and UAG are all stop codons that do not code for any amino acid.
5
Medium
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Understanding
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During the process of gene amplification using PCR, if very high temperature is not maintained in the beginning, then which of the following steps of PCR will be affected first?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Denaturation
Option A (Denaturation) is correct because denaturation, the separation of DNA strands, requires high temperatures at the beginning of PCR.
6
Medium
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Analyzing
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Assertion : In a DNA molecule, A–T rich parts
melt before G–C rich parts.
Reason : In between A and T there are three
H–bond, whereas in between G and C there are
two H-bonds.
melt before G–C rich parts.
Reason : In between A and T there are three
H–bond, whereas in between G and C there are
two H-bonds.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
If Assertion is true but Reason is false
Option C (If Assertion is true but Reason is false) is correct because A-T rich parts melt before G-C rich parts, but this is due to having two hydrogen bonds instead of three.
7
Medium
7 of 201
Remembering
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The sequence of structural genes in lace operon is?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Z, Y, A
Option D is correct because the structural genes in the lac operon are arranged in the order: lacZ, lacY, and lacA, which code for β-galactosidase, permease, and transacetylase, respectively.
8
Medium
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Understanding
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If a geneticist uses the blind approach for sequencing the whole genome of an organism, followed by assignment of function to different segments, the methodology adopted by him is called as:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Sequence annotation
Option B (Sequence annotation) is correct because sequence annotation involves assigning functions to different segments of a genome after sequencing it.
9
Medium
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Remembering
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There is no DNA?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Mature RBC
Option A (Mature RBC) is correct because mature red blood cells lack a nucleus and therefore do not contain DNA.
10
Medium
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Understanding
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DNA fingerprinting refers to
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples
Option A (Molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples) is correct because DNA fingerprinting involves analyzing the unique DNA profiles of individuals.
11
Medium
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Application
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A gene encoding for a polypeptide of 60 amino acids get mutated at 30 th codon UAU becoming UAA. The result would be
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
A polypeptide of 29 amino acids
Option A (A polypeptide of 29 amino acids) is correct because the mutation creates a stop codon (UAA) at the 30th codon position, prematurely terminating translation.
12
Medium
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Analyzing
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Assertion: Viruses having shorter life span, mutate and evolve faster.
Reason: Viruses have generally RNA genome.
Reason: Viruses have generally RNA genome.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
Option A is correct because viruses with shorter lifespans and RNA genomes mutate and evolve faster due to the lack of proofreading mechanisms in RNA replication.
13
Medium
13 of 201
Understanding
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Lac I gene of Lac operon
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Has a binding site for repressor protein
Option A is correct because the lac I gene has a binding site for the repressor protein.
14
Medium
14 of 201
Remembering
+4 | -1
DNA acts as a template for synthesis of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Both (a) and (b)
Option C (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because DNA serves as a template for both RNA (transcription) and DNA (replication) synthesis.
15
Medium
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Understanding
+4 | -1
In a mRNA molecule, untranslated regions are present at?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Both 1 and 2
Option C (Both 1 and 2) is correct because untranslated regions (UTRs) are present at both the 5' end (before the start codon) and the 3' end (after the stop codon) of mRNA molecules.
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16
Medium
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Understanding
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Side by side experiments are conducted to identify DNA as genetic material, unequivocally by?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Hershy and Chase
Option C (Hershy and Chase) is correct because their experiment using radioactive isotopes of phosphorus and sulfur definitively proved that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material.
17
Medium
17 of 201
Remembering
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DNA is denatured by
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both (a) and (b)
Option D (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because both heat and acid can disrupt the hydrogen bonds holding the two strands of DNA together, causing it to denature.
18
Medium
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Understanding
+4 | -1
Which one of the following pairs of term/names means one and the same thing?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
DNA fingerprinting – DNA profiling
Option D (DNA fingerprinting – DNA profiling) is correct because both terms refer to the same technique of analyzing DNA for identification.
19
Medium
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Understanding
+4 | -1
Which of the following statements about HGP are correct:
a) Two major approaches expressed sequence tags and sequence annotation are used in HGP.
b) Fredrick sanger developed the method for determination of amino acid sequences in proteins.
c) Chromosome 1 was the first human chromosome to be sequenced.
d) More than 98% of the genome do not codes for any proteins.
e) Total number of genes estimated is 3000.
a) Two major approaches expressed sequence tags and sequence annotation are used in HGP.
b) Fredrick sanger developed the method for determination of amino acid sequences in proteins.
c) Chromosome 1 was the first human chromosome to be sequenced.
d) More than 98% of the genome do not codes for any proteins.
e) Total number of genes estimated is 3000.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
a, b, d
Option A (a, b, d) is correct because expressed sequence tags and sequence annotation are approaches used in HGP, Sanger developed a method for sequencing, and more than 98% of the genome does not code for proteins.
20
Medium
20 of 201
Remembering
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Synthesis of proteins from the mRNA is called?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Translation
Option A (Translation) is correct because translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.
21
Medium
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Analyzing
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Select the incorrect statements from the following
(a) There are the evidences that was the first gentic material in the history of life.
(b) No acts as catalyst
(c) replication is said to be semiconservative as it has two strands of polynucleotide chain.
(d) A nitrogenous base is linked to the pentose sugar through -glycosidic linkage.
(a) There are the evidences that was the first gentic material in the history of life.
(b) No acts as catalyst
(c) replication is said to be semiconservative as it has two strands of polynucleotide chain.
(d) A nitrogenous base is linked to the pentose sugar through -glycosidic linkage.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
(a), (b) and (c)
Option D (Valine) is correct because the mRNA sequence corresponding to the mutated template strand -GTG- is CAC, which codes for valine.
22
Medium
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Remembering
+4 | -1
The initiator codon is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
AUG
Option A (AUG) is correct because AUG is the start codon that initiates protein synthesis and codes for methionine.
23
Medium
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Remembering
+4 | -1
Genetic material in most of the organisms?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
DNA
Option A (DNA) is correct because DNA is the primary genetic material in most organisms, except for some viruses that use RNA.
24
Medium
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Understanding
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DNA replication includes
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All of the above
Option B (DNA polymerase and ligase) is correct because DNA replication requires DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA strands and DNA ligase to join Okazaki fragments.
25
Medium
25 of 201
Application
+4 | -1
In a double helix of DNA molecule of 10 coils, if there are 30 adenine nitrogen bases, what is the number of guanine nitrogen bases?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
70
Option C (70) is correct because in DNA, adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine; the total number of A-T pairs equals the total number of G-C pairs.
26
Medium
26 of 201
Remembering
+4 | -1
During the replication of DNA, the synthesis of DNA on lagging strand takes place in segments. These segments are called
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Okazaki segments
Option D (Okazaki segments) is correct because Okazaki fragments are the short DNA sequences synthesized discontinuously on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
27
Medium
27 of 201
Analyzing
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Assertion (A): The repetitive DNA are separated from bulk genomic DNA as different peaks during density gradient centrifugation.
Reason (R): The bulk DNA form a minor peak & other major peaks are referred to as satellite DNA.
Reason (R): The bulk DNA form a minor peak & other major peaks are referred to as satellite DNA.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
A is correct but R is not correct
Option B is correct because while the assertion about repetitive DNA separation is true, the reason provided is not the correct explanation for this phenomenon.
28
Medium
28 of 201
Remembering
+4 | -1
During post-transcriptional processing, ______ is added to the 5' – end of hnRNA. Select the correct option to fill in the blank.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Methyl guanosine triphosphate
Option B (Methyl guanosine triphosphate) is correct because during post-transcriptional processing, a 5' cap of methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 5' end of hnRNA.
29
Medium
29 of 201
Analyzing
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Assertion: By switching the position of promoter with terminator the direction of transcription and the type of protein translated can be changed.
Reason: The promoter in a transcription unit defines the template and coding strands and it provides binding site for RNA polymerase.
Reason: The promoter in a transcription unit defines the template and coding strands and it provides binding site for RNA polymerase.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
Option A (Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because the promoter defines the direction of transcription and the template strand.
30
Medium
30 of 201
Remembering
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Operon concept was proposed by?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Jacob – Monod
Option A is correct because the operon concept, which explains gene regulation in prokaryotes, was proposed by Jacob and Monod.
Revision notes and key takeaways
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Key Takeaways
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Showing 1-30 of 201 questions