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NEET • BIOLOGY • MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
Molecular basis of inheritance practice · Easy
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Which of the following is not true for DNA polymerase?
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Correct option: D
Can add nucleotide at 5' end
Option D is correct because DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand, not the 5' end.
2
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Read the following four statements (i-iv).
i. In transcription, adenosine pairs with uracil.
ii. Regulation of lac operon by repressor is referred to as positive regulation
iii. The human genome has approximately 30,000 genes
iv. Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease
How many of the above statements are correct?
i. In transcription, adenosine pairs with uracil.
ii. Regulation of lac operon by repressor is referred to as positive regulation
iii. The human genome has approximately 30,000 genes
iv. Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease
How many of the above statements are correct?
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Correct option: A
Two
Option A is correct because statements (i) and (iv) are correct. Adenosine pairs with uracil in transcription, and hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease.
3
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Some rRNA function as catalyst. These are called
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Correct option: A
Ribozyme
Option A (Ribozyme) is correct because some rRNA molecules possess catalytic activity and are therefore classified as ribozymes.
4
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Which of the following statements are true regarding Griffith’s Experiment?
I. Biochemical nature of genetic material is known.
II. Experimental bacteria is Streptococcus.
III. Heat killed virulent bacteria is transformed.
IV. S strain is virulent as it lacks capsule.
I. Biochemical nature of genetic material is known.
II. Experimental bacteria is Streptococcus.
III. Heat killed virulent bacteria is transformed.
IV. S strain is virulent as it lacks capsule.
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Correct option: C
Only II
Option C (Only II) is correct because only statement II is true regarding Griffith's experiment. The experimental bacteria was Streptococcus.
5
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State true (T) or false (F) for the given statements and choose the correct option.
a. The lac operon consists of two regulatory genes and four structural genes.
b. The y gene codes for permease, which increases permeability of the cell to -galactosides.
a. The lac operon consists of two regulatory genes and four structural genes.
b. The y gene codes for permease, which increases permeability of the cell to -galactosides.
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Correct option: C
a-F, b-T
Option C is correct because statement a is false (lac operon has one regulatory gene and three structural genes), and statement b is true (y gene codes for permease).
6
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In RNA, which is absent?
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Correct option: C
Thymine
Option C (Thymine) is correct because thymine is a nitrogenous base found in DNA but is replaced by uracil in RNA.
7
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Identify the correct statements
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Correct option: C
Sequence annotation – correlating sequence of nucleotides already known for an organism to their functions
The correct answer is C (Sequence annotation – correlating sequence of nucleotides already known for an organism to their functions) because sequence annotation is the process of assigning biological functions to DNA sequences.
8
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Which of the following sugars is found in nucleic acid?
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Correct option: D
Deoxyribose
Option D (Deoxyribose) is correct because deoxyribose sugar is a component of DNA, which is a nucleic acid.
9
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Application
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The distance between two consecutive base pairs is , what will be the length of DNA double helix in a diploid human cell?
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Correct option: B
2.2 meters
Option B (2.2 meters) is correct because the length of DNA in a diploid human cell is calculated by multiplying the number of base pairs by the distance between them.
10
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Which of the following step shows transformation w.r.t. Griffith Experiment.
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Correct option: D
Heat killed encapsulated and non encapsulated bacterial inoculation
Option D (Heat killed encapsulated and non encapsulated bacterial inoculation) is correct because transformation occurs when heat-killed encapsulated bacteria and live non-encapsulated bacteria are inoculated together, leading to the non-encapsulated bacteria becoming virulent.
11
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When DNA replication starts
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Correct option: B
The hydrogen bonds between the nucleotides of two strands break
Option B (The hydrogen bonds between the nucleotides of two strands break) is correct because the first step in DNA replication is the breaking of hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs to separate the two DNA strands.
12
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Which of the following strains of Pneumococcus when injected to mice will cause death of that mice?
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Correct option: B
Live S-strain
Option B (Live S-strain) is correct because the S-strain is virulent and causes death when injected live.
13
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Application
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If a length of DNA has 45,000 base pairs, how many complete turns will the DNA molecule takes?
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Correct option: A
4500
Option A (4500) is correct because there are 10 base pairs per turn of the DNA helix, so 45,000 base pairs will have 4500 turns.
14
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Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA fingerprinting available at present?
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Correct option: B
Zinc finger analysis
Option B (Zinc finger analysis) is correct because zinc finger analysis is not a standard technique used in DNA fingerprinting.
15
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The Human Genome Project was a _____ project coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institute of Health.
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Correct option: C
13 year
Option C is correct because the Human Genome Project was a 13-year project.
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16
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If the sequence of nucleotides on mRNA is known, the sequence of amino acids can be predicted but if the sequence of amino acids is known the exact sequence of nucleotides in mRNA cannot be predicted. This is because genetic code is
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Correct option: B
Degenerate
Option B (Degenerate) is correct because the genetic code is degenerate, meaning that multiple codons can code for the same amino acid.
17
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Meselson and Stahl experiment proved
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Correct option: D
Semi-conservation DNA replication
Option D (Semi-conservation DNA replication) is correct because the Meselson and Stahl experiment provided evidence that DNA replication is semiconservative.
18
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In 1944, Avery, McCarty and Macleod isolated a substance frorn heat killed virulent form of bacteria and added to nonvirulent form of bacteria which changed the non-virulent to virulent from this substance can be distroyed by
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
DNAase
Option A (DNAase) is correct because DNAase is an enzyme that specifically degrades DNA, thus destroying the transforming substance in Avery, McCarty, and Macleod's experiment.
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NHCs protein involve in _____ process.
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Correct option: C
Higher level packaging in eukaryotes
Option C (Higher level packaging in eukaryotes) is correct because NHCs (Non-Histone Chromosomal) proteins are involved in the further packaging of DNA in eukaryotes, beyond the nucleosome level.
20
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Number of carbons in ring of deoxyribose sugar is
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Correct option: B
Five
Option B (Five) is correct because deoxyribose is a pentose sugar, meaning it has five carbon atoms in its ring structure.
21
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Which of the following is in correct w.r.t nucleosides?
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Correct option: A
Cytosine
Option A (Cytosine) is correct because Cytosine is a nitrogenous base, not a nucleoside. Guanosine, Adenosine, and Uridine are nucleosides.
22
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The first genetic material was
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Correct option: A
RNA
Option A (RNA) is correct because RNA has both genetic and catalytic properties, making it a likely candidate for the first genetic material.
23
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There are …… type of RNA polymerase in E. coli while …… type in human cell:-
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Correct option: C
1, 3
Option C (1, 3) is correct because E. coli has one type of RNA polymerase, while human cells have three types (RNA polymerase I, II, and III).
24
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Transcription is chemically and enzymatically similar to replication. But the below given statements which differ transcription from replication, are
(a) New strand is made form ribonucleotides
(b) The product does not remain base paired to the template
(c) polymerase does not need primer
(d) Helicase is required for local unwinding of strands during transcription
(a) New strand is made form ribonucleotides
(b) The product does not remain base paired to the template
(c) polymerase does not need primer
(d) Helicase is required for local unwinding of strands during transcription
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
(a), (b) and (c)
Option D ((a), (b) and (c)) is correct because transcription uses ribonucleotides, the RNA product doesn't remain base-paired, and RNA polymerase doesn't need a primer, which are all differences from DNA replication. Helicase is not always required for transcription.
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RNA cannot act as genetic material as it
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Correct option: B
Mutate at a faster rate
Option B (Mutate at a faster rate) is correct because RNA is less stable than DNA and has a higher mutation rate due to the presence of ribose sugar and uracil instead of thymine.
26
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26 of 99
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Which blotting technique was used by Alec Jeffreys?
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Correct option: B
Southern blotting
Option B is correct because Alec Jeffreys is known for developing DNA fingerprinting using Southern blotting to analyze VNTRs.
27
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Amino acid binding site in RNA is
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Correct option: C
CCA 3’ end
Option C (CCA 3’ end) is correct because the amino acid binds to the 3' end of the tRNA molecule, specifically the CCA sequence.
28
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Regulatory proteins are the accessory proteins that interact
with RNA polymerase and affect its role in transcription. Which
of the following statements is correct about regulatory protein?
with RNA polymerase and affect its role in transcription. Which
of the following statements is correct about regulatory protein?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
They can act both as activators and as repressors
Option D (They can act both as activators and as repressors) is correct because regulatory proteins can either enhance (activators) or inhibit (repressors) the transcription process.
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Statement I: RNA being a catalyst was reactive and hence unstable.
Statement II: DNA being double stranded and having complementary strand further resists changes by evolving a process of repair.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Statement II: DNA being double stranded and having complementary strand further resists changes by evolving a process of repair.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both statement I and statement II are true
Option D (Both statement I and statement II are true) is correct because RNA's catalytic activity makes it reactive and unstable, while DNA's double-stranded structure and repair mechanisms provide stability.
30
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What is the difference between RNA and DNA?
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Correct option: C
Both (a) and (b)
Option C (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because RNA and DNA differ in both their sugar (ribose vs. deoxyribose) and their nitrogenous bases (uracil in RNA vs. thymine in DNA).
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