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NEET • CHEMISTRY • ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES

Organic chemistry-some basic principles and techniques practice · Mixed difficulty

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31 Medium

31 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

The correct order of decreasing acidity for following is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathrm{CH} \equiv \mathrm{CH}>\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CH}>\mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}_2>\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_3

Option D is correct because the acidity of a compound is related to the stability of the conjugate base, which is influenced by the s-character of the carbon atom. More s-character means more acidic.

32 Hard

32 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Optical isomerism is not shown by:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{C_2}{H_5}CH\left( {Br} \right)C{H_2}C{H_3}

Option C (

{C_2}{H_5}CH\left( {Br} \right)C{H_2}C{H_3}

) is correct because it does not have a chiral center, which is required for optical isomerism.

33 Hard

33 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Among the following statements on the nitration of aromatic compounds, the false one is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

The rate of nitration of benzene is greater than that of hexadeuterobenzene

Option C (The rate of nitration of benzene is greater than that of hexadeuterobenzene) is false because deuteration exhibits a kinetic isotope effect, making the reaction slower for deuterated compounds.

34 Medium

34 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Which type of isomerism is shown by 2, 3 – dichloro butane

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Optical

Option C (Optical) is correct because 2,3-dichlorobutane has two chiral centers, allowing for the existence of enantiomers and diastereomers, thus exhibiting optical isomerism.

35 Easy

35 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

The arrangement of atoms that characterises a particular stereoisomer is called :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Configuration

Option B is correct because the arrangement of atoms that characterizes a particular stereoisomer is called its configuration. Configuration refers to the fixed spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule.

36 Easy

36 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Lassaigne’s test for the detection of nitrogen fails in

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_2} - \mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_2}.\mathrm{HCl}

Option B (

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_2} - \mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_2}.\mathrm{HCl}

) is correct because the Lassaigne's test requires carbon to be directly bonded to nitrogen for cyanide formation, which is then detected. Hydrazine hydrochloride does not have C directly bonded to N.

37 Medium

37 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

The number of different amines corresponding to the formula

{\mathrm{C}_3}{\mathrm{H}_9}\mathrm{N}

is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Option C (4) is correct because there are four distinct amine structures that can be formed with the formula C3H9N.

38 Medium

38 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

In Carius tube, an organic compound '

\mathrm{X}

' is treated with sodium peroxide to form a mineral acid '

Y

'.

The solution of

\mathrm{BaCl}_2

is added to '

\mathrm{Y}

' to form a precipitate '

Z

'. '

Z

' is used for the quantitative estimation of an extra element. '

\mathrm{X}

' could be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Methionine

Option C (Methionine) is correct because it contains sulfur, which upon oxidation with sodium peroxide, forms sulfate ions that precipitate with barium chloride as barium sulfate.

39 Medium

39 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: The double bond of carbonyl group
has higher bond energy than double bond in
alkenes.

Reason: Carbonyl group has

sp^2

hybridisation.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but
Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion

Option B is correct because the assertion that the double bond of a carbonyl group has higher bond energy than the double bond in alkenes is true, but the reason (sp² hybridization) doesn't explain it. The higher bond energy is due to the polarity of the C=O bond.

40 Easy

40 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

Who is called the ‘Father of Chemistry’?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Lavoisier

Option D (Lavoisier) is correct because Antoine Lavoisier is widely regarded as the 'Father of Chemistry' due to his contributions to the field, including the discovery of oxygen's role in combustion and respiration.

41 Medium

41 of 392

Application +4 | -1

The number of geometrical isomers of

C{H_3} - CH = CH - CH = CH - CH = CHCl

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Option D (8) is correct because there are three double bonds, each capable of exhibiting cis/trans isomerism. The number of geometrical isomers is 2^n = 2³ = 8.

42 Easy

42 of 392

Application +4 | -1

Considering the state of hybridization of carbon atoms, find out the molecule among the following which is linear?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}

Option C is correct because a linear molecule requires sp hybridization for all central atoms, which is the case for

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}

43 Easy

43 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

When a solution of mixture having two inorganic salts was treated with freshly prepared ferrous sulphate in acidic medium, a dark brown ring was formed whereas on treatment with neutral

\mathrm{FeCl}_3

, it gave deep red colour which disappeared on boiling and a brown red ppt was formed. The mixture contains

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COO}^{-}

\mathrm{NO}_3^{-}

Option B (

\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COO}^{-}

\mathrm{NO}_3^{-}

) is correct because the brown ring test indicates the presence of nitrate ions, and the reaction with neutral

FeCl_3

indicates the presence of acetate ions.

44 Medium

44 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Incorrect statement for the use of indicators in acid-base titration is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Methyl orange may be used for a weak acid vs weak base titration.

Option C (Methyl orange may be used for a weak acid vs weak base titration) is correct because methyl orange is not suitable for weak acid vs weak base titrations.

45 Easy

45 of 392

Application +4 | -1

In the estimation of nitrogen by Duma’s method 0.59 g of an organic compound gave 112 mL nitrogen at NTP. The percentage of nitrogen in the compound is about:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

23.7

Option A (

23.7

) is correct because the percentage of nitrogen is calculated using the formula: % Nitrogen = (Volume of N2 at NTP / 22400) * (2 * 14 / Mass of organic compound) * 100.

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46 Medium

46 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Among the following the dissociation constant is highest for

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3} - \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CH}

Option C (

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3} - \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CH}

) is correct because terminal alkynes are weakly acidic due to the sp hybridization of the carbon atom bearing the acidic hydrogen, resulting in a relatively stable conjugate base.

47 Medium

47 of 392

Application +4 | -1

The correct name for

C{H_3}COC{H_2}OH

is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

1-hydroxy propan-2-one

Option B (1-hydroxy propan-2-one) is correct because it correctly identifies the ketone and alcohol functional groups and their positions.

48 Medium

48 of 392

Application +4 | -1

(+)-Mandelic acid has a specific rotation of

158^{\circ}

. What is the observed specific rotation of a mixture of

25 \%(-)-

mandelic acid and

75 \%(+)

- mandelic acid?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

+79^{\circ}

Option D (+79°) is correct because the observed specific rotation is calculated based on the enantiomeric excess (ee) and the specific rotation of the pure enantiomer.

49 Hard

49 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): In

\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}_2

molecule, the rotation about carbon-carbon double bond

(\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{C})

is restricted
Reason (R): Rotation of one

\mathrm{CH}_2

fragment with respect to other interferes with maximum overlap of

p

-orbitals.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Both

\mathrm{A}

and

\mathrm{R}

are correct ;

\mathrm{R}

is the correct explanation of

A

Option A (Both A and R are correct ; R is the correct explanation of A) is correct because the restricted rotation around the C=C double bond is due to the interference with the maximum overlap of p-orbitals.

50 Hard

50 of 392

Application +4 | -1

15 mL of a gaseous hydrocarbon required 45mL of oxygen for complete combustion. 30 mL of

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}_2}

is formed. The formula of the hydrocarbon is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{\mathrm{C}_2}{\mathrm{H}_4}

Option B (

{\mathrm{C}_2}{\mathrm{H}_4}

) is correct because the ratio of CO2 formed to the hydrocarbon volume gives the number of carbon atoms, and the oxygen required allows determination of the hydrogen atoms.

51 Easy

51 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Among the following orbital bonds, the angle is minimum between :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{p_x}

and

{p_y}

- orbitals

Option B (

{p_x}

and

{p_y}

- orbitals) is correct because p orbitals are oriented at 90 degrees to each other.

52 Easy

52 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

Vital force theory of the origin of organic compounds was discarded by :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Wöhler’s synthesis

Option C (Wöhler’s synthesis) is correct because Friedrich Wöhler's synthesis of urea from ammonium cyanate in 1828 disproved the vital force theory, which stated that organic compounds could only be produced by living organisms.

53 Hard

53 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

In kjeldahl’s method, nitrogen present is estimated as:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_3}

Option B (

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_3}

) is correct because in Kjeldahl's method, nitrogen is converted to ammonium sulfate, which is then converted to ammonia (

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_3}

) for estimation.

54 Medium

54 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which one of the following has maximum acid
strength?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

o–Nitrobenzoic acid

Option D (o–Nitrobenzoic acid) has the maximum acid strength due to the ortho effect, where the proximity of the nitro group to the carboxylic acid group enhances acidity.

55 Easy

55 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

What information is provided by reaction mechanism?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of the above

Option D (All of the above) is correct because a reaction mechanism provides information about the bonds broken and formed, the reaction intermediates, and the relative rates of the discrete steps.

56 Easy

56 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the substance is purified by sublimation?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of these

Option D (All of these) is correct because benzoic acid, camphor, and naphthalene are all organic solids that can be purified by sublimation, which involves direct conversion from solid to gas phase.

57 Medium

57 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

Examples of electron withdrawing groups relative to hydrogen are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of these

Option D (All of these) is correct because

-\mathrm{NO}_2

-\mathrm{COOH}

, and

-\mathrm{COOR}

are all electron-withdrawing groups relative to hydrogen.

58 Hard

58 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

Glycerol is separated in soap industries by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

distillation under reduced pressure

The correct answer is distillation under reduced pressure because glycerol has a high boiling point and can decompose at high temperatures, so reducing the pressure lowers the boiling point and prevents decomposition.

59 Medium

59 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following polymer is used in the manufacture of wood laminates?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Urea formaldehyde resin

Option C (Urea formaldehyde resin) is correct because it is commonly used in the manufacture of wood laminates due to its adhesive properties and cost-effectiveness.

60 Easy

60 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

The correct order of increasing acid strength of the compounds (A)

\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH},

(B)

\mathrm{MeOCH}_2 \mathrm{C O O H},

(C)

\mathrm{CF}_3 \mathrm{COOH},

(D)

\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{CHCOOH}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

<

<

<

Option C (D < A < B < C) is correct because the acidity increases with the presence of electron-withdrawing groups. CF3 is the strongest electron-withdrawing group, followed by MeOCH2, then CH3, and (CH3)2CH is electron-donating, making it the least acidic.

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