1:1 mixture of enantiomer and diastereomer

Consider the following nucleophilic groups : $\text{I. } -\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{SO}_2-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5$ ${\text{II}}.\,\, - {\text{O}} - \mathop {\text{C}}\limits^{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\text{O}} \\ {||} \end{array}} - {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}$ $\text{III. }-{Cl}$ $\text{IV. }-\mathrm{OCH}_3$ What is the correct order of leaving power of the above nucleophilic substitution reaction?

$\text{I}>\text{III}>\text{II}>\text{IV}$

$\text{I}>\text{II}>\text{IV}>\text{III}$

$\text{I}>\text{II}>\text{III}>\text{IV}$

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NEET • CHEMISTRY • ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES

Organic chemistry-some basic principles and techniques practice · Mixed difficulty

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Showing 1-30 of 392 questions

1 Medium

1 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

The number of different substitution products possible when ethane is allowed to react with bromine is sunlight are :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A is correct because there are 9 different substitution products possible when ethane reacts with bromine in sunlight. These include mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexabrominated products, with structural isomers for some.

2 Medium

2 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Correct order of stability is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\mathrm{HC} \equiv \mathrm{\bar C} > C{\mathrm{H}_2} = \mathrm{\bar CH} > C{\mathrm{H}_3} - \mathrm{\bar C}{\mathrm{H}_2}

Option D (2 – Chloro heptan – 6 – ol) is correct because the hydroxyl group (-OH) has higher priority than the chloro group (-Cl) in IUPAC naming, so the carbon chain is numbered to give the -OH group the lowest possible number.

3 Medium

3 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A) A mixture of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol can be separated by steam distillation.

Reason (R)

p

-nitrophenol is steam volatile whereas onitrophenol is not steam volatile.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

If Assertion is true but Reason is false.

Option C (If Assertion is true but Reason is false) is correct because o-nitrophenol is steam volatile due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding, while p-nitrophenol is not due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

4 Medium

4 of 392

Application +4 | -1

An organic compound having carbon, hydrogen and sulphur contains 4% of sulphur. The minimum molecular weight of the compound is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

800

Option B (800) is correct because the minimum molecular weight is calculated by assuming one sulfur atom per molecule, so MW = (atomic weight of S / percentage of S) * 100.

5 Hard

5 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Increasing order of acid strength is

a) Phenol

\quad \quad

b) 3-Nitrophenol

c) 3,5-dinitro phenol

\quad

4) 2,4,6-trinitro phenol

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

a < b < c < d

Option C (a < b < c < d) is correct because the acidity increases with the number of electron-withdrawing nitro groups attached to the phenol ring, which stabilize the phenoxide ion.

6 Medium

6 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Isobutyl chloride is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{\left( {\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}} \right)_2}\mathrm{CHC}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{Cl}

Option B (

{\left( {\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}} \right)_2}\mathrm{CHC}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{Cl}

) is correct because it represents a four-carbon chain with a methyl branch on the second carbon and chlorine on the first carbon.

7 Easy

7 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

A neutral divalent carbon intermediate produced by the removal of two attached atoms is called :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Carbine

Option D is correct because a carbene is a neutral divalent carbon intermediate with two unshared electrons.

8 Easy

8 of 392

Application +4 | -1

IUPAC name of,

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}\mathrm{CH}\left( {\mathrm{OH}} \right)\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{COOH}

is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

4-hydroxypentanoic acid

Option A (4-hydroxypentanoic acid) is correct because it correctly identifies the parent chain as pentanoic acid and the hydroxyl group as a substituent at the 4th position.

9 Easy

9 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following alkyl groups has the maximum

+ I

effect

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)_3}C -

Option B (

{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)_3}C -

) is correct because the +I effect increases with the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon, as alkyl groups are electron-donating.

10 Easy

10 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

The best method for the separation of naphthalene and benzoic acid from their mixture is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Crystallisation

The correct answer is Crystallisation because naphthalene and benzoic acid have different solubilities in various solvents, allowing for their separation through crystallization.

11 Medium

11 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

All carbon atoms are

\mathrm{sp}^2

hybridised in

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Correct option: B

1, 3-butadiene

Option B (1,3-butadiene) is correct because all four carbon atoms in 1,3-butadiene are

sp^2

hybridized due to the presence of double bonds.

12 Easy

12 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Only two isomeric mono chloro derivatives are possible for

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

2 – Methyl propane

Option D (2 – Methyl propane) is correct because it has only two types of non-equivalent hydrogens, leading to only two possible monochloro derivatives.

13 Hard

13 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following resonance structure is least stable?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}} = {\text{CH}} - \mathop {\text{C}}\limits^{\text{ + }} {\text{H}} - \mathop {\text{C}}\limits^ - {\text{H}} - {\text{OC}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}

Option B (

{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}} = {\text{CH}} - \mathop {\text{C}}\_+ {\text{H}} - \mathop {\text{C}}\_- {\text{H}} - {\text{OC}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}

) is correct because it has a positive charge on a carbon atom adjacent to a negatively charged carbon and the octet rule is violated for the carbon with the positive charge, making it less stable.

14 Medium

14 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

Racemic compound has

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Equimolar mixture of enantiomers

Option A (Equimolar mixture of enantiomers) is correct because a racemic compound is defined as an equimolar mixture of enantiomers.

15 Hard

15 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

An organic compound on heating with CuO produces

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}_2}

but no water. The organic compound may be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Carbon tetrachloride

Option A (Carbon tetrachloride) is correct because it contains carbon but no hydrogen, so it can produce CO2 upon heating with CuO but no water.

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16 Easy

16 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which one of the statements about

\mathrm{H O H}_2 \mathrm{C C H}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CHO}

is not correct? It

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Contains a tertiary alcoholic group

Option B is correct because the given compound, HOCH2-CCH(OH)-CHO, does not contain a tertiary alcoholic group. A tertiary alcohol is bonded to three other carbon atoms, which is not the case here.

17 Medium

17 of 392

Remembering +4 | -1

The correct decreasing order of priority for the functional groups of organic compounds in the

IUPAC

system of nomenclature is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

- COOH > - CON{H_2} > - CN > - NC > - CHO > - N{H_2}

Option A is correct because the correct decreasing order of priority for the functional groups of organic compounds in the IUPAC system of nomenclature is -COOH > -CONH₂ > -CN > -CHO > -NH₂.

18 Medium

18 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Consider the following nucleophilic groups :

\text{I. } -\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{SO}_2-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5

{\text{II}}.\,\, - {\text{O}} - \mathop {\text{C}}\limits^{\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} {\text{O}} \\ {||} \end{array}} - {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}

\text{III. }-{Cl}

\text{IV. }-\mathrm{OCH}_3

What is the correct order of leaving power of the above nucleophilic substitution reaction?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\text{IV}>\text{III}>\text{II}>\text{I}

Option D (I > II > III > IV) is incorrect. The correct order of leaving group ability is I > II > III > IV, based on the stability of the leaving group after departure.

19 Easy

19 of 392

Application +4 | -1

The IUPAC name of the compound having the formula

\mathrm{CH} \equiv \mathrm{\;C\;}-\mathrm{\;CH} = \mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}

is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

1-butene-3-yne

Option A (1-butene-3-yne) is correct because it correctly identifies the longest chain, the positions of the double and triple bonds, and prioritizes the double bond for numbering.

20 Hard

20 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

How many structural isomers are possible for

{C_6}{H_{14}}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A (5) is correct because there are 5 structural isomers possible for

{C_6}{H_{14}}

21 Easy

21 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following statement is wrong?

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Correct option: D

In the estimation of carbon, an organic compound is heated with CaO in a combustion tube

Option D is the wrong statement because in the estimation of carbon, an organic compound is heated with CuO (copper oxide) in a combustion tube, not CaO.

22 Medium

22 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Among the following anions

\left( a \right){\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \;\mathrm{\bar C}{\mathrm{H}_3}\;{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \left( b \right)\;{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \mathrm{\bar N}{\mathrm{H}_2},{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \;\left( c \right){\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \mathrm{O}{\mathrm{H}^ - },\;{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \left( d \right){\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\mathrm{F}^ - }

the order of basicity is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

a > b > c > d

Option A (

a > b > c > d

) is correct because basicity decreases with increasing electronegativity and stability of the conjugate acid, with carbon being the least electronegative and fluorine the most.

23 Medium

23 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

The number of

s{p^3}

- hybrid carbons in 2-butyne is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Option C (2) is correct because 2-butyne (CH3-C≡C-CH3) has two sp3 hybridized carbon atoms (the methyl groups).

24 Medium

24 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following compounds is not chiral?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

1-chloropentane

Option C (1-chloropentane) is not chiral because it does not have a chiral center (a carbon atom bonded to four different groups).

25 Medium

25 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which structure can be explained by taking ground state configuration of atom?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{O}

Option D (

{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{O}

) is correct because the bonding in water can be explained by the ground state configuration of oxygen without invoking hybridization.

26 Medium

26 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

During

\mathrm{AgN}{\mathrm{O}_3}

test for detection of halogens, sodium extract is boiled with few drops of conc.

\mathrm{HN}{\mathrm{O}_3}

to decompose

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Both (a) and (b)

Option C (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because the sodium extract contains NaCN and Na2S, which can interfere with the silver halide precipitation in the AgNO3 test for halogens. HNO3 decomposes these interfering ions.

27 Easy

27 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following statements for carbanion is correct

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

It is

S{P^3}

hybridized

Option D (It is

S{P^3}

hybridized) is correct because carbanions have three bonding pairs and one lone pair, resulting in a tetrahedral electronic geometry and

S{P^3}

hybridization.

28 Hard

28 of 392

Application +4 | -1

Caffeine has a molecular weight of 194. If it contains

28.9 \%

by mass of nitrogen, number of atoms of nitrogen in one molecule of caffeine is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A (4) is correct because the number of nitrogen atoms is calculated from the percentage of nitrogen by mass and the molecular weight of caffeine.

29 Medium

29 of 392

Analyzing +4 | -1

The order of decreasing reactivity towards

{S_E}\;

reaction for the given compound is:
(i)

{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_6}

(ii)

{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}

(iii)

{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{Cl}

(iv)

{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{OH}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

(iv) > (ii) > (i) > (iii)

Option C (iv) > (ii) > (i) > (iii) is correct because electron donating groups increase reactivity towards electrophilic substitution, while electron withdrawing groups decrease it.

30 Medium

30 of 392

Understanding +4 | -1

Diastereomers can be separated by :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Fractional distillation

Option A is correct because diastereomers have different physical properties, including boiling points, allowing separation by fractional distillation.

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