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NEET • BIOLOGY • MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

Molecular basis of inheritance practice · Mixed difficulty

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Showing 121-150 of 388 questions

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121 Medium
121 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
How many types of histones form core part of nucleosome?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Four
Option D (Four) is correct because the core nucleosome is formed by two copies each of four histone proteins: H2A, H2B, H3, and H4.
122 Hard
122 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
Through the experiments conducted by A. Hershey and M. Chase, it was provided that
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
DNA is the genetic material
Option B (DNA is the genetic material) is correct because the Hershey-Chase experiment demonstrated that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material.
123 Easy
123 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
There is no tRNA for codon which has sequence
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
UAA
Option C (UAA) is correct because UAA is a stop codon, and there is no tRNA that recognizes stop codons.
124 Medium
124 of 388
Application +4 | -1
In a DNA sample the proportion of A{A} is 17%17 \%, the amount of G+T{G}+{T} and C{C} will be respectively.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
50%50 \% and 33%33 \%
Option C (66% and 33%) is correct because according to Chargaff's rules, A=T and G=C. If A is 17%, then T is also 17%. Therefore, A+T = 34%, and G+C = 100% - 34% = 66%. Since G=C, then G=C=33%. Thus the amounts of G+T and C are 50% and 33% respectively.
125 Hard
125 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
Guanine is equimolar with cytosine. This statement is always true for
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
ds DNA
Option A is correct. Guanine is equimolar with cytosine in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) due to the base pairing rules (G always pairs with C).
126 Medium
126 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
In gel electrophoresis, separated DNA fragments can be visualized with the help of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Ethidium bromide in UV radiation
Option B is correct because ethidium bromide is used to stain DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis, and it fluoresces under UV radiation, allowing visualization.
127 Medium
127 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
The human chromosome with the highest and least number of genes in them are respectively
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Chromosome 1 and Y
Option C (Chromosome 1 and Y) is correct because Chromosome 1 has the highest number of genes and Chromosome Y has the least.
128 Hard
128 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
There are many non human model organisms which genome have also been sequenced :

a. Drosophila

b. Yeast

c. Caenorhabditis elegans

d. Arabidopsis
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
a, b, c, d
Option A (a, b, c, d) is correct because Drosophila, Yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Arabidopsis are all non-human model organisms with sequenced genomes.
129 Easy
129 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
DNA replicates semiconservatively for this experimental proof which of the following scientist performed the experiment :

a. Matthew Meselson \quadb. Griffith

c. Colin Macleod \quadd. Martha Chase \quade. Taylor
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
a, e
Option B (a, e) is correct because Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl proved that DNA replicates semiconservatively, and Taylor also conducted experiments related to DNA replication.
130 Medium
130 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
One of the following is true, with respect to AUG
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All of the above
Option D (All of the above) is correct because AUG codes for methionine, is an initiation codon, and does so in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
131 Medium
131 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
Which of the following cannot act as inducer?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
1 and 3
Option D (1 and 3) is correct because glucose generally causes catabolite repression, inhibiting the lac operon, and galactose is not the primary inducer of the lac operon; lactose or allolactose is.
132 Medium
132 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
A human gene product can be produced by genetically engineered bacteria. This is possible because the
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Genetic code is universal
Option A (Genetic code is universal) is correct because the universality of the genetic code allows human genes to be expressed in bacteria.
133 Medium
133 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
During replication of DNA, Okazaki fragments are formed in the direction of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
5’→\to 3’
Option B (5’→\to 3’) is correct because DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand, so Okazaki fragments are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction.
134 Medium
134 of 388
Application +4 | -1
If one strand of DNA has the nitrogenous base sequence as ATCTG, what would be the complementary RNA strand sequence?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
UAGAC
Option A (UAGAC) is correct because in RNA, Adenine pairs with Uracil, Thymine is replaced by Uracil, Cytosine pairs with Guanine, and Guanine pairs with Cytosine. The complementary sequence is created by replacing each base with its pair.
135 Hard
135 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
The adapter molecules for tryptophan and first amino acid during polypeptide synthesis has anticodon sequence respectively
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
ACC, UAC
Option B (ACC, UAC) is correct because the anticodon for tryptophan (UGG) is ACC, and the anticodon for methionine (AUG), the first amino acid, is UAC.
136 Hard
136 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
Radioactive thymidene is fed to cells about to enter S-phase. It will make radioactive
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Both (1) and (2)
Option C is correct because radioactive thymidine, a DNA precursor, will be incorporated into both euchromatin and heterochromatin during S-phase replication.
137 Hard
137 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
Peptidyl transferase activity
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Is required for protein synthesis
Option B (Is required for protein synthesis) is correct because peptidyl transferase activity, which is the formation of peptide bonds, is essential for protein synthesis.
138 Hard
138 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
Assertion (A): Codon for methionine & tryptophan said to be degenerate.

Reason (R): Methionine and tryptophan amino acids coded by more than one codons.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both (A) and (R) are false
Option D (Both (A) and (R) are false) is correct because methionine and tryptophan are coded by only one codon each, so they are not degenerate.
139 Hard
139 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
Read the following statements and select the correct ones w.r.t. DNA structure.
A. Two nucleotides are linked through 3′−5′3^{\prime}-5^{\prime} phosphodiester linkage.
B. Pyrimidine nucleosides have 1′−1′1^{\prime}-1^{\prime} linkage.
C. Base pairing confers stability of DNA helix.
D. Purines are heterocyclic, 6 membered single ring structures.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
All except D
Option C is correct because statements A, B, and C accurately describe aspects of DNA structure, while statement D incorrectly describes purines.
140 Medium
140 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
The regions in chromatin which are lightly stained
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Are transcriptionally active
Option D (Are transcriptionally active) is correct because lightly stained regions of chromatin, known as euchromatin, are less condensed and therefore more accessible for transcription.
141 Medium
141 of 388
Application +4 | -1
Suppose, evolution on earth had occurred in such a way that there are 96 amino acids instead of 20. DNA has 12 different types of bases and DNA synthesis occurs in the same way as today. The minimum number of bases per DNA codon would be
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
12
Option B (8) is incorrect. The correct answer is 2. With 12 bases, a codon size of 2 yields 12 * 12 = 144 combinations, which is sufficient to code for 96 amino acids.
142 Medium
142 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
In Lac operon, the product of ‘i’ gene binds to the operator
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
When bacterial cell has no lactose
Option B (When bacterial cell has no lactose) is correct because the repressor protein (product of 'i' gene) binds to the operator in the absence of lactose, preventing transcription.
143 Hard
143 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
Assertion (A): The sequencing of chromosome-1 was completed at last in May-2006.

Reason (R): Chromosome-1 in the longest chromosome with maximum number of genes.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
Option A (Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because chromosome 1 was the last to be sequenced due to its length and high gene count.
144 Medium
144 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
Mutation is due to?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
all of these
Option D (all of these) is correct because mutations can arise from loss, gain, or change in a single base pair of DNA.
145 Hard
145 of 388
Understanding +4 | -1
Assertion (A): Lactose is the substrate for the enzyme β\beta-galactosidase & it regulates switching on & off the operon.

Reason (R): A very low level of expression of lac operon is always present in cell the time.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
Option B (Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because lactose acts as an inducer and a low level of lac operon expression is always present, but these are independent facts.
146 Easy
146 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
Which form of RNA has a structure resembling clover leaf?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
ttRNA
Option D (ttRNA) is correct because tRNA has a characteristic cloverleaf structure due to its secondary structure and intramolecular base pairing.
147 Medium
147 of 388
Remembering +4 | -1
Which of the following is a correct sequence of steps in a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Denaturation, Annealing, Extension
Option C (Denaturation, Annealing, Extension) is correct because this is the correct order of steps in a PCR cycle.
148 Medium
148 of 388
Analyzing +4 | -1
Assertion: In eukaryotes, the sequence of nucleotides of mRNA is same as that of template except for the difference of T and U.
Reason: In eukaryotes antisense strand is complementary to sense strand and mRNA is complementary to coding strand.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect
Option D (Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect) is correct because the mRNA sequence is complementary to the template strand (with U instead of T), and the antisense strand is the template strand, while mRNA is similar to the coding strand, but with U instead of T.
149 Easy
149 of 388
Analyzing +4 | -1
Given below is the percentage of nitrogenous bases present in four different samples of the genetic material. Identify, which sample belongs to an RNA virus
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Sample C : U – 32%, G – 23%, C – 23%, A – 32%
Option C (U – 32%, G – 23%, C – 23%, A – 32%) is correct because RNA contains uracil (U) instead of thymine (T), and the percentages of bases do not necessarily follow Chargaff's rules (A=T, G=C) as it is single-stranded.
150 Hard
150 of 388
Application +4 | -1
If the length of a DNA molecule is 1.1 metres, what will be the approximate number of base pairs?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
3.3×109bp3.3 \times {10^9}{\kern 1pt} bp
Option B (3.3×109bp3.3 \times {10^9}{\kern 1pt} bp) is correct because the number of base pairs is calculated by dividing the total length of DNA by the distance between two consecutive base pairs.
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