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NEET • BIOLOGY • MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE

Microbes in human welfare practice · Medium

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Showing 1-30 of 59 questions

1 Medium

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Remembering +4 | -1

The bacterium that commonly lives in animal and human intestine is

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Correct option: C

Escherichia coli

Option C (Escherichia coli) is correct because E. coli is a common bacterium that naturally resides in the intestines of animals and humans.

2 Medium

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Consider the following statements I. Ladybirds and dragonflies are used to get rid of aphids and mosquitoes II. The bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used to control caterpillar III. Trichoderma sp. free living fungi, are present in root ecosystems where they act against several plant pathogens IV. Rhizobium is a symbiotic bacterium that lives in the stem of legumes Which of the statements given above are correct?

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Correct option: A

I, II and III

Option A (I, II and III) is correct because ladybirds and dragonflies control aphids and mosquitoes, Bacillus thuringiensis controls caterpillars, and Trichoderma species act against plant pathogens in root ecosystems. Statement IV is incorrect because Rhizobium lives in the *roots* of legumes, not the stem.

3 Medium

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Methanogens, growing anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce

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Correct option: D

Methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen

The correct answer is D (Methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen) because methanogens, when growing anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen as byproducts.

4 Medium

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Clot buster agent streptokinase is produced by

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Correct option: A

Streptococcus

Option A (Streptococcus) is correct because streptokinase, a clot-busting enzyme, is produced by Streptococcus bacteria.

5 Medium

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Which type of microbes can be grown on nutrient medium to form colonies?

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Correct option: D

1 and 2

Option D (1 and 2) is correct because both bacteria and fungi can be cultured on nutrient media to form visible colonies.

6 Medium

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Microorganisms or microbes are found in

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Correct option: D

All of the above

Option D (All of the above) is correct because microorganisms are ubiquitous and can be found in various environments including soil, air, water, and within living organisms.

7 Medium

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…A… is a methane rich fuel gas produced by …B… breakdown with the help of …C… bacteria. Here A, B and C refers to

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Correct option: B

A-Biogas, B-anaerobic, C-methanogenic

Option B (A-Biogas, B-anaerobic, C-methanogenic) is correct because biogas is produced by anaerobic breakdown with the help of methanogenic bacteria.

8 Medium

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Physical removal of large and small stable solid particles from the sewage through filtration and sedimentation is called

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Correct option: A

Primary treatment

Option A (Primary treatment) is correct because physical removal of large and small stable solid particles from sewage through filtration and sedimentation is called primary treatment.

9 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is correct?
I. Wine and beer are produced without distillation of fermented broth
II. Whisky, brandy and rum are produced by distillation of the fermented broth
III. Wine and beer are produced by distillation of the fermented broth
IV. Whisky, brandy and rum are produced without distillation of the fermented broth
Choose the correct option

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Correct option: A

I and II

Option A is correct because wine and beer are produced without distillation, while whisky, brandy, and rum are produced by distillation.

10 Medium

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Which of the following are main the benefits of LAB?
I. Increase vitamin-

{B_{12}}

amount, thus increasing nutrient quality of milk
II. Checks disease causing microbes in stomach
Choose the correct option

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Correct option: C

I and II

Option C is correct because LAB (Lactic Acid Bacteria) increase vitamin-

{B_{12}}

and check disease-causing microbes in the stomach.

11 Medium

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…A… released by LAB during growth coagulate and partially digest …B… . Here A and B refers to

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Correct option: A

A-Acid; B-milk protein

Option A is correct because LAB releases acid during growth, which coagulates and partially digests milk protein.

12 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Consider the following statement
I. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) represents the amount of dissolved oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in 1 L of water were oxidized by microorganism
II. Low value of BOD means the water is either normal or less polluted by organic matter
III. High value of BOD means the water in highly polluted by organic matter
Which of statement given above are correct?

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Correct option: D

I, II and III

Option D (I, II and III) is correct because all three statements accurately describe Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and its relationship to water pollution.

13 Medium

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Remembering +4 | -1

The most important of the symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria, which forms nodules on the roots of legume plants is

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Correct option: B

Rhizobium

Option B (Rhizobium) is correct because Rhizobium bacteria form a symbiotic relationship with legume plants, fixing atmospheric nitrogen in root nodules and providing the plant with a usable form of nitrogen.

14 Medium

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Microbes are used in
I. primary treatment of sewage
II. secondary treatment of sewage
III. anaerobic sludge digesters
IV. production of biogas
Choose the correct option

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Correct option: C

II, III and IV

Option C (II, III and IV) is correct because microbes are essential in secondary sewage treatment, anaerobic sludge digestion, and biogas production, but not in primary treatment.

15 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Biogas production from waste biomass with the help of methanogenic bacteria is

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Correct option: D

Three step process

The correct answer is A (Multi step process) because biogas production involves hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis, making it a multi-step process.

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16 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Study the following flow chart that shows curd formation from milk and select the correct option for A and B
Milk is incubated with curd
↓
LAB shows growth in milk
↓
Production of …..A…..
↓
Coagulation and digestion of milk protein
↓
Improved nutritional quality by increased ….B….

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

A-lactic acid; B-vitamin-

{B_{12}}

Option B is correct because LAB produces lactic acid, which coagulates milk protein, and increases vitamin-

{B_{12}}

improving nutritional quality.

17 Medium

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Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following cyanobacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen?
I. Volvox II. Oscillatoria
III. Nostoc IV. Anabaena
Choose the correct option

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Correct option: C

II, III and IV

Option C (II, III and IV) is correct because Oscillatoria, Nostoc, and Anabaena are cyanobacteria known for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, while Volvox is a green algae that does not fix nitrogen.

18 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Discharge of sewage in water bodies does not leads to

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Correct option: D

Biomagnification

Option D (Biomagnification) is correct because the discharge of sewage in water bodies does not directly lead to biomagnification, which is the accumulation of toxins in the food chain.

19 Medium

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Assertion: Newer antibiotics are required to be produced regularly.
Reason: Pathogens often develop resistance to existing antibiotics.

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Correct option: A

If both Assertion

\&

Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion

Option A (If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion) is correct because pathogens develop resistance to existing antibiotics, necessitating the regular production of newer antibiotics to combat these resistant strains.

20 Medium

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A bioactive molecule _______is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum.

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Correct option: C

Cyclosporin A

Option C (Cyclosporin A) is correct because Cyclosporin A, produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum, is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients.

21 Medium

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Remembering +4 | -1

Toddy is made by …A… of sap from palm tree by …B… . Here A and B refers to

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Correct option: B

A-fermentation; B-bacteria

Option A (A-fermentation; B-yeast) is correct because toddy is made by fermentation of sap from palm trees by yeast.

22 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Mycorrhiza does not help the host plant in

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Correct option: D

Increasing its resistance to insects

Option D (Increasing its resistance to insects) is correct because mycorrhizae primarily enhance nutrient uptake, drought tolerance, and resistance to root pathogens, but not directly resistance to insects.

23 Medium

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Microbes can be found in?

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Correct option: D

All

Option D (All) is correct because microbes are adaptable and can survive in extreme conditions such as thermal vents, deep soil, and high acidic environments.

24 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Methanogens, particularly Methanobacterium grow anaerobically on cellulosic material and produce
I. methane
II. carbon dioxide
III. oxygen
IV. ethane
Choose the correct option

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

I and II

The correct answer is A (I and II) because methanogens produce methane and carbon dioxide when growing anaerobically on cellulosic material.

25 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Trichoderma species, free living fungi, are present in root ecosystems are potentially useful as

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Correct option: A

Biopesticides

Option A (Biopesticides) is correct because Trichoderma species are known for their ability to control plant pathogens, making them useful as biopesticides.

26 Medium

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Remembering +4 | -1

Which role is played by Lactobacillus in our stomach?

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Correct option: C

Beneficial

Option C (Beneficial) is correct because *Lactobacillus* in the stomach aids in digestion and provides other health benefits.

27 Medium

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Remembering +4 | -1

The technology of biogas production was developed in India mainly due to the efforts of

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Correct option: D

Both (1) and (2)

Option D (Both (1) and (2)) is correct because both the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) and the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) contributed significantly to biogas technology development in India.

28 Medium

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Remembering +4 | -1

Statins are produced by

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Correct option: B

An yeast

Option B (An yeast) is correct because statins are produced by the yeast *Monascus purpureus*.

29 Medium

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Remembering +4 | -1

Cyclosporin-A is used as an immunosuppressive agent. It is produced by

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Correct option: A

Trichoderma polysporum

Option A (Trichoderma polysporum) is correct because Cyclosporin-A, an immunosuppressant, is produced by the fungus *Trichoderma polysporum*.

30 Medium

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Understanding +4 | -1

Biogas is pathogen free because

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Correct option: A

Anaerobic digestion removes pathogens and bacteria

The correct answer is A (Anaerobic digestion removes pathogens and bacteria) because the anaerobic digestion process in biogas production eliminates many pathogens and harmful bacteria.

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