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NEET • BIOLOGY • MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE

Microbes in human welfare practice · Mixed difficulty

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Showing 1-30 of 122 questions

1 Hard

1 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: An organ transplant patient if not
provided with cyclosporin A may reject the
transplanted organ.

Reason: Cyclosporin A inhibits activation of T-cells
and interferes with destruction of non-self cells.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A is correct because Cyclosporin A is used to prevent organ rejection by inhibiting T-cell activation, which interferes with the destruction of non-self cells.

2 Easy

2 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Streptokinase acts as a clot-buster.

Reason (R): Streptokinase is given to patients who have undergone myocardial infarction.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not correct explanation of (A)

Option B is correct because both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion. Streptokinase is a clot-buster and is used in myocardial infarction, but the reason doesn't fully explain the mechanism.

3 Medium

3 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

The bacterium that commonly lives in animal and human intestine is

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Correct option: C

Escherichia coli

Option C (Escherichia coli) is correct because E. coli is a common bacterium that naturally resides in the intestines of animals and humans.

4 Medium

4 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Consider the following statements I. Ladybirds and dragonflies are used to get rid of aphids and mosquitoes II. The bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used to control caterpillar III. Trichoderma sp. free living fungi, are present in root ecosystems where they act against several plant pathogens IV. Rhizobium is a symbiotic bacterium that lives in the stem of legumes Which of the statements given above are correct?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

I, II and III

Option A (I, II and III) is correct because ladybirds and dragonflies control aphids and mosquitoes, Bacillus thuringiensis controls caterpillars, and Trichoderma species act against plant pathogens in root ecosystems. Statement IV is incorrect because Rhizobium lives in the *roots* of legumes, not the stem.

5 Hard

5 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following serve as biofertilizer in paddy fields?

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Correct option: C

Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)

Option C (Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)) is correct because cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, can fix atmospheric nitrogen in paddy fields, acting as a natural biofertilizer.

6 Medium

6 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Methanogens, growing anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce

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Correct option: D

Methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen

The correct answer is D (Methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen) because methanogens, when growing anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen as byproducts.

7 Medium

7 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Clot buster agent streptokinase is produced by

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Correct option: A

Streptococcus

Option A (Streptococcus) is correct because streptokinase, a clot-busting enzyme, is produced by Streptococcus bacteria.

8 Medium

8 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Which type of microbes can be grown on nutrient medium to form colonies?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

1 and 2

Option D (1 and 2) is correct because both bacteria and fungi can be cultured on nutrient media to form visible colonies.

9 Hard

9 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Eutrophication is caused by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Sewage and agriculture fertilizer

The correct answer is D (Sewage and agriculture fertilizer) because both sewage and agricultural fertilizers contain high levels of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, which lead to eutrophication.

10 Easy

10 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

During the primary treatment of sewage, solid particles that settle down are called

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Correct option: C

Primary sludge

Option C (Primary sludge) is correct because the solid particles that settle down during the primary treatment of sewage are called primary sludge.

11 Hard

11 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Waste water treatment generates a large quantity of sludge, which can be treated by?

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Correct option: A

Anaerobic digesters

Option A (Anaerobic digesters) is correct because anaerobic digestion is a common method for treating sludge, producing biogas as a byproduct.

12 Hard

12 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Which organisms is used as biocontrol agents of several plant pathogens?

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Correct option: D

Trichoderma

Option D (Trichoderma) is correct because Trichoderma species are fungi widely used as biocontrol agents against various plant pathogens.

13 Hard

13 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Identify the microorganism which is responsible for the production of an immunosuppressive molecule cyclosporin A:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Trichoderma polysporum

Option B (Trichoderma polysporum) is correct because it is the microorganism responsible for producing the immunosuppressive molecule cyclosporin A.

14 Easy

14 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

The most common indicator organism that represents polluted water is

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Correct option: A

E.coli

Option A (E.coli) is correct because E. coli is a common indicator organism used to represent polluted water, indicating fecal contamination.

15 Medium

15 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Microorganisms or microbes are found in

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of the above

Option D (All of the above) is correct because microorganisms are ubiquitous and can be found in various environments including soil, air, water, and within living organisms.

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16 Medium

16 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

…A… is a methane rich fuel gas produced by …B… breakdown with the help of …C… bacteria. Here A, B and C refers to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

A-Biogas, B-anaerobic, C-methanogenic

Option B (A-Biogas, B-anaerobic, C-methanogenic) is correct because biogas is produced by anaerobic breakdown with the help of methanogenic bacteria.

17 Medium

17 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Physical removal of large and small stable solid particles from the sewage through filtration and sedimentation is called

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Primary treatment

Option A (Primary treatment) is correct because physical removal of large and small stable solid particles from sewage through filtration and sedimentation is called primary treatment.

18 Easy

18 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Pollution from animal excreta and organic waste from kitchen can be most profitably minimised by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Using them for producing biogas

The correct answer is B (Using them for producing biogas) because biogas production is an efficient way to convert organic waste into a valuable energy source while minimizing pollution.

19 Easy

19 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Toddy is formed by the fermentation of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Sap from palms

Option A (Sap from palms) is correct because Toddy is a traditional alcoholic beverage made by fermenting the sap of palm trees.

20 Medium

20 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is correct?
I. Wine and beer are produced without distillation of fermented broth
II. Whisky, brandy and rum are produced by distillation of the fermented broth
III. Wine and beer are produced by distillation of the fermented broth
IV. Whisky, brandy and rum are produced without distillation of the fermented broth
Choose the correct option

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

I and II

Option A is correct because wine and beer are produced without distillation, while whisky, brandy, and rum are produced by distillation.

21 Medium

21 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following are main the benefits of LAB?
I. Increase vitamin-

{B_{12}}

amount, thus increasing nutrient quality of milk
II. Checks disease causing microbes in stomach
Choose the correct option

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

I and II

Option C is correct because LAB (Lactic Acid Bacteria) increase vitamin-

{B_{12}}

and check disease-causing microbes in the stomach.

22 Hard

22 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Biofertilizers are preferred to chemical
fertilizers.

Reason: Chemical fertilizers are generally more
expensive and hazardous to environment.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A is correct because biofertilizers are preferred due to the hazardous nature and expense of chemical fertilizers.

23 Hard

23 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the given household product(s) is produced by fermenting activity of bacteria?

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Correct option: A

Idli

Option A (Idli) is correct because Idli is produced by the fermentation of rice and black gram by bacteria.

24 Medium

24 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

…A… released by LAB during growth coagulate and partially digest …B… . Here A and B refers to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

A-Acid; B-milk protein

Option A is correct because LAB releases acid during growth, which coagulates and partially digests milk protein.

25 Hard

25 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Which bacterium helps in the production of ‘Swiss cheese’?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Propionibacterium sharmanii

Option A (Propionibacterium sharmanii) is correct because Propionibacterium sharmanii is the bacterium responsible for the production of propionic acid, which creates the characteristic holes in Swiss cheese.

26 Easy

26 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for commercial production of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Ethanol

Option B (Ethanol) is correct because *Saccharomyces cerevisiae* is widely used in the commercial production of ethanol through fermentation.

27 Medium

27 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Consider the following statement
I. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) represents the amount of dissolved oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in 1 L of water were oxidized by microorganism
II. Low value of BOD means the water is either normal or less polluted by organic matter
III. High value of BOD means the water in highly polluted by organic matter
Which of statement given above are correct?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

I, II and III

Option D (I, II and III) is correct because all three statements accurately describe Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and its relationship to water pollution.

28 Medium

28 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

The most important of the symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria, which forms nodules on the roots of legume plants is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Rhizobium

Option B (Rhizobium) is correct because Rhizobium bacteria form a symbiotic relationship with legume plants, fixing atmospheric nitrogen in root nodules and providing the plant with a usable form of nitrogen.

29 Hard

29 of 122

Remembering +4 | -1

For which work, Ernest Chain and Howard Florey were awarded Nobel prize?

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Correct option: A

Establishing full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic

Option A is correct because Ernest Chain and Howard Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize for establishing the full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic.

30 Easy

30 of 122

Understanding +4 | -1

Methanogenic bacteria are not found in;

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

flocs.

Option D (flocs) is correct because methanogenic bacteria are anaerobic and are not found in flocs, which are aerobic microbial masses in activated sludge.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 122 single-correct-answer MCQs on MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE.
✓ Try each question before opening its answer. Read the explanation where one is available.
✓ Sign in to save submitted answers. Revisit incorrect answers alongside your textbook or class notes.

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