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NEET • BIOLOGY • EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION
Excretory products and their elimination practice · Medium
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91
Medium
91 of 129
Analyzing
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Assertion: Comparative to uric acid, urea is a more toxic excretory substance.
Reason: Birds and insects are uricotelic animals.
Reason: Birds and insects are uricotelic animals.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Option B is correct because both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion. Urea is more toxic than uric acid, and birds/insects are uricotelic, but these facts are not directly related.
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Understanding
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Counter current mechanism helps to maintain a concentration gradient. This gradient help in
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Easy passage of water from collecting tubule to interstitial fluid and thereby concentrating urine
Option B (Easy passage of water from collecting tubule to interstitial fluid and thereby concentrating urine) is correct because the concentration gradient created by the counter-current mechanism allows water to move out of the collecting tubule into the hypertonic medullary interstitium, concentrating the urine.
93
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Understanding
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Which one is mismatched?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
DCT-Absorption of glucose
The correct answer is C (DCT-Absorption of glucose) because glucose is primarily reabsorbed in the PCT (proximal convoluted tubule), not the DCT (distal convoluted tubule).
94
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Analyzing
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Select the incorrect statement.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
As the filtrate passes through the ascending limb, sodium is transported passively in the
ascending thick segment.
ascending thick segment.
Option D is the incorrect statement because sodium is actively transported in the ascending thick segment of the loop of Henle.
95
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Analyzing
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Assertion: Maximum water re-absorption is seen in distal convoluted tubule of nephron in the absence of antidiuretic hormone.
Reason: ADH from the posterior pituitary enhances uptake of in DCT.
Reason: ADH from the posterior pituitary enhances uptake of in DCT.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Option D is correct because both the assertion and the reason are incorrect regarding water reabsorption in the DCT and the role of ADH.
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96 of 129
Understanding
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Vasopressin released from the neurohypophysis is mainly responsible for
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Facultative reabsorption of water through DCT
Option C (Facultative reabsorption of water through DCT) is correct because vasopressin (ADH) acts on the DCT and collecting duct to increase water reabsorption based on the body's needs.
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Remembering
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Reabsorption of glucose occurs in ….. of the nephron
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
PCT
The correct answer is B (PCT) because the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is the primary site for glucose reabsorption in the nephron.
98
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Understanding
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The urine is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Hypertonic to blood and isotonic to medullarly fluid
Option B (Hypertonic to blood and isotonic to medullarly fluid) is correct because urine is more concentrated than blood and its concentration is similar to the medullary fluid.
99
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Understanding
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Haemodialysis helps in patient having
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Uremia
Option B (Uremia) is correct because haemodialysis is a treatment used to remove excess urea and other waste products from the blood of patients with uremia.
100
Medium
100 of 129
Analyzing
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Assertion (A): If Henle Loop is absent, urine will be more concentrated.
Reason (R): Descending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
Reason (R): Descending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both A and R are wrong
Option D (Both A and R are wrong) is correct because if the Henle Loop is absent, urine will be *less* concentrated, and the descending limb *is* permeable to water.
101
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Understanding
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Choose the correct statements
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All of the above
Option D (All of the above) is correct because sebaceous glands secrete sterols, hydrocarbons, and waxes for skin protection, and small amounts of nitrogenous wastes are indeed eliminated through saliva.
102
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Remembering
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The Ascending limb of Henle’s loop is permeable to A while descending limb is permeable to B
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
A – Nacl, B – Water
Option B (A – Nacl, B – Water) is correct because the ascending limb of Henle's loop is permeable to NaCl, while the descending limb is permeable to water.
103
Medium
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Remembering
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Composition of urine : I. Water …A%, II. Urea …B%, III. Uric acid …C%, IV. Salt …D%. Choose the right options for A, B, C and D from given options
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
A-95; B-2.6; C-0.3; D-1.5
Option B is correct because the approximate composition of urine is: Water (95%), Urea (2.6%), Uric acid (0.3%), and Salts (1.5%).
104
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Understanding
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Autoregulation of GFR (Glomerulus Filtration Rate) is takes place by
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All of the above
The correct answer is D (All of the above) because the Renin-Angiotensin mechanism, Juxtaglomerular apparatus, and Vasopressin all play a role in autoregulation of GFR.
105
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Analyzing
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Read the following points.
i. Increases GFR
ii. Increases B.P.
iii. Decreases blood volume
iv. Increases aldosterone secretion
v. Vasoconstrictor
vi. Increases excretion
How many points are correct about Angiotensin-II?
i. Increases GFR
ii. Increases B.P.
iii. Decreases blood volume
iv. Increases aldosterone secretion
v. Vasoconstrictor
vi. Increases excretion
How many points are correct about Angiotensin-II?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Four
Option C is correct because Angiotensin-II increases blood pressure, increases aldosterone secretion, is a vasoconstrictor, and decreases GFR (not increases GFR). It also increases Na+ reabsorption (not excretion). It increases blood volume, not decreases it.
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106
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Understanding
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Micturation is associated with
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both 2 & 3
Option D (Both 2 & 3) is correct because micturition involves contraction of the bladder wall muscles and relaxation of the sphincter muscle.
107
Medium
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Understanding
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Assertion: Liver is referred to as the primary excretory organ in vertebrates.
Reason: Liver helps in excretion of bile pigments and many drugs.
Reason: Liver helps in excretion of bile pigments and many drugs.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Assertion is false but reason is true.
Option D (Assertion is false but reason is true) is correct because the liver is not the primary excretory organ, but it does help in the excretion of bile pigments and drugs.
108
Medium
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Remembering
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The first step in the urine formation is the filtration of the blood, which is carried by the …A... and is called …B… . On an average …C… . mL of blood is filtered by kidneys per minute, which constitutes …D… of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a minute.
Choose the correct options for the blanks A to D to complete the given NCERT statement
Choose the correct options for the blanks A to D to complete the given NCERT statement
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
A-glomerulus; B-filtration, C-1100-1200, D – 1/5th
Option B is correct because the first step is filtration by the glomerulus, filtering 1100-1200 mL of blood per minute, which is 1/5th of the heart's output.
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Understanding
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Glucose, Na, and amino acid are actively transported substances, because
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Their movement occurs against concentration gradient
Option B (Their movement occurs against concentration gradient) is correct because active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.
110
Medium
110 of 129
Remembering
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Which part of nephron is not present in the cortex
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Henle’s loop
Option D (Henle’s loop) is correct because the loop of Henle extends into the medulla, while the other listed parts are primarily in the cortex.
111
Medium
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Remembering
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Protonephridia primarily concerned with
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Osmoregulation
Option D is correct because protonephridia are primarily involved in osmoregulation and excretion in invertebrates.
112
Medium
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Remembering
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Green glands perform the excretory function in
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Crustaceans
Option C (Crustaceans) is correct because green glands (also known as antennal glands) are the excretory organs found in crustaceans like crayfish and shrimp.
113
Medium
113 of 129
Remembering
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Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed in the
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Proximal tubule
Option A is correct because glucose and amino acids are primarily reabsorbed in the proximal tubule of the nephron.
114
Medium
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Remembering
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JGA (Juxta Glomerular Apparatus), a sensitive region, which regulates the glomerular filtration rate is present near the
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
DCT and afferent arteriole
Option C is correct because the JGA is located near the DCT and the afferent arteriole, playing a role in regulating GFR.
115
Medium
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Understanding
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Which of the following is both osmoregulator as well as nitrogenous product?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Urea
Option B (Urea) is correct because urea is involved in osmoregulation and is a nitrogenous waste product.
116
Medium
116 of 129
Analyzing
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Assertion: Tubular secretion takes part in the removal of foreign bodies, ions and molecules from the body.
Reason: As much as 99 percent of the material in the filtrate is reabsorbed from the body due to tubular secretion.
Reason: As much as 99 percent of the material in the filtrate is reabsorbed from the body due to tubular secretion.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
Option C (If Assertion is true but Reason is false) is correct because tubular secretion does remove foreign substances, but 99% of the filtrate is reabsorbed, not secreted.
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Remembering
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The condition of accumulation of urea in the blood is termed as
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Uremia
Option C is correct because uremia is the condition characterized by the accumulation of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood due to kidney dysfunction.
118
Medium
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Understanding
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Choose the correct statement.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
The ascending limb of the Henle’s loop extends as the DCT
Option D is correct because the ascending limb of the loop of Henle directly extends into the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
119
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Remembering
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The inner lining of PCT is formed by
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Brush bordered cuboidal epithelium
Option D is correct because the inner lining of the PCT is made up of brush-bordered cuboidal epithelium, which increases the surface area for reabsorption.
120
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Remembering
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Which of the following organs synthesises urea?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Liver
Option C (Liver) is correct because the liver is the organ that synthesizes urea through the urea cycle.
Revision notes and key takeaways
Review EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.
Showing 91-120 of 129 questions