Excretory products and their elimination practice · Medium

Option C is the correct answer because blood enters the glomerulus through afferent arterioles, not efferent arterioles.

Option B (7.5 lit.) is correct because the kidneys filter approximately 125 mL of plasma per minute, which translates to about 7.5 liters per hour for both kidneys.

Option C is correct because the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is where the maximum reabsorption of useful substances occurs.

Option B (Liver) is correct because the liver converts dangerous nitrogenous waste (ammonia) into less toxic urea.

Option B (Inner wall of Bowman’s capsule) is correct because podocytes are specialized cells that form the visceral layer (inner wall) of Bowman's capsule and interdigitate to form filtration slits.

Option B (A and R are correct, but R is not correct explanation for A) is correct because both statements are true, but the reason doesn't explain the assertion. Vasa recta running parallel to Henle's loop helps maintain the concentration gradient, and vasa recta is reduced in cortical nephrons, but the latter doesn't explain the former.

Option C (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because electrolytes are reabsorbed in the loop of Henle both actively and passively, depending on the specific ion and the location within the loop.

Option C (When hydrostatic pressure of blood in the glomerulus is 70 mm Hg and net filtrate pressure is 10 mm Hg) is correct because glomerular filtration occurs when the net filtration pressure is positive, favoring movement of fluid from the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule.

Option C (Water) is correct because the primary function of the Loop of Henle is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney, which facilitates water reabsorption.