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NEET • BIOLOGY • PRINCIPLE OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

Principle of inheritance and variation practice · Hard

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61 Hard

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Application +4 | -1

An individual homozygous for genes

\text{cd}

is crossed with wild type and

F_1

crossed back with
the double recessive. The appearance of the offspring is as follows.

\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} { + + }& \to &{903} \\ {{\text{cd}}}& \to &{897} \\ { + {\text{d}}}& \to &{98} \\ {{\text{c}} + }& \to &{102} \end{array}

The distance between the genes

\text{c}

and

\text{d}

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Correct option: D

10 map units

Option D (10 map units) is correct because the recombination frequency is calculated as (number of recombinants / total offspring) * 100, which in this case is ((98 + 102) / (903 + 897 + 98 + 102)) * 100 = 10.

62 Hard

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Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): In a person with AB-blood group, the erythrocytes carry both A and B antigen on their surface.

Reason (R): The alleles

\mathrm{I}^{\mathrm{A}}

and

\mathrm{I}^{\mathrm{B}}

that produce AB blood group are codominant and both are expressed.

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Correct option: A

Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)

Option A (Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains why AB blood group individuals express both A and B antigens.

63 Hard

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Analyzing +4 | -1

From a single ear of corn, a farmer planted 200 kernels which produced 155 tall and 45 dwarf plants. The genotype of these offsprings are most likely

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Correct option: A

TT, Tt and tt

Option D (Tt and tt only) is correct because the ratio of tall to dwarf plants (approximately 3:1) suggests a cross between heterozygous (Tt) and homozygous recessive (tt) plants.

64 Hard

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Understanding +4 | -1

In garden pea, starch synthesis is regulated by B and b alleles. Bb genotype produces:

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Correct option: C

Intermediate sized round seeds

Option C (Intermediate sized round seeds) is correct because the Bb genotype produces an intermediate phenotype due to incomplete dominance, resulting in intermediate-sized round seeds.

65 Hard

65 of 66

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following occurs due to the presence of autosome linked dominant trait?

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Correct option: C

Myotonic dystrophy

Option C (Myotonic dystrophy) is correct because Myotonic dystrophy is an autosomal dominant disorder, while the others are recessive or X-linked.

66 Hard

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Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Recessive characters are always pure.

Reason (R): Recessive genes always express itself in homozygous condition.

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Correct option: A

Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)

Option A is correct because recessive characters are only expressed in homozygous conditions, making them always pure in expression.

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Review PRINCIPLE OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

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