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NEET • BIOLOGY • BIOTECHNOLOGY-PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES

Biotechnology-principles and processes practice · Easy

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1 Easy

1 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

Proteins are removed by treatment with

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Correct option: D

Protease

Option D (Protease) is correct because proteases are enzymes that specifically break down proteins.

2 Easy

2 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

{\mathrm{T}_\mathrm{i}}

plasmids used in genetic engineering is obtained from

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Correct option: C

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Option C (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) is correct because the Ti plasmid is derived from this bacterium and is used to transfer genes into plant cells.

3 Easy

3 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

Restriction endonucleases are most widely used in recombinant DNA technology. They are obtained from

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Correct option: B

Bacterial cells

Option B (Bacterial cells) is correct because restriction endonucleases are naturally produced by bacteria to protect themselves from viral infections.

4 Easy

4 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following enzyme is not used for extraction of DNA from a bacterium?

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Correct option: C

Chitinase

Option C (Its ability to carry a foreign gene) is correct because the primary function of a vector, such as a plasmid, is to carry and replicate a foreign gene of interest.

5 Easy

5 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following is used in genetic engineering?

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Correct option: B

Plasmid

Option B (Plasmid) is correct because plasmids are widely used as vectors in genetic engineering to carry and replicate genes of interest.

6 Easy

6 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

Gene transfer is present in

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Correct option: A

biolistics

Option A (biolistics) is correct because biolistics, or gene gun, directly transfers genes into cells.

7 Easy

7 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

The tumour inducing capacity of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is located in large extrachromosomal plasmids called

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Correct option: D

Ti-plasmid

Option D (Ti-plasmid) is correct because the tumor-inducing capacity of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is located on the Ti-plasmid.

8 Easy

8 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

The autonomously independent self-replicating extra nuclear DNA imparting certain factors to some bacterium is called

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Correct option: B

Plasmid

Option B (Plasmid) is correct because plasmids are autonomously replicating extra-nuclear DNA molecules that can impart specific traits to bacteria.

9 Easy

9 of 24

Analyzing +4 | -1

Select the odd one w.r.t. downstream processing.

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Correct option: C

Marketing

Option C is correct. Marketing is not a part of downstream processing, which includes separation, purification, and formulation with preservatives.

10 Easy

10 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

Downstream process includes
I. Separation of the product from the reactor
II. Purification of the product
III. Formation of the product with suitable preservatives
IV. Quality control testing and clinical trials in case of drugs
Which of the statements given above are correct?

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Correct option: D

I, II, III and IV

Option D (I, II, III and IV) is correct because downstream processing includes all the mentioned steps: separation, purification, formulation, and quality control.

11 Easy

11 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

In genetic engineering restriction endonuclease enzymes are used to make/start

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Correct option: B

Recombinant DNA

Option B (Recombinant DNA) is correct because restriction endonucleases are used to cut DNA at specific sites, enabling the insertion of a desired gene to create recombinant DNA.

12 Easy

12 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

Single-stranded DNA molecules that can bind to and be used to detect other DNA molecules are called

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Correct option: D

Probes

Option D (Probes) is correct because DNA probes are single-stranded DNA fragments used to detect complementary sequences through hybridization.

13 Easy

13 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following statements is correct w.r.t. plasmid?

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Correct option: B

It has ability to replicate within bacterial cells independent of the control of host’s chromosomal DNA

Option B (It has ability to replicate within bacterial cells independent of the control of host’s chromosomal DNA) is correct because plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA capable of autonomous replication.

14 Easy

14 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

Following enzymes / techniques are used in the process of recombinant DNA technology
A) EcoRI to cut the isolated genome
B) DNA ligase
C) Protease and ribonuclease for removal of proteins and RNA from DNA
D) Production of recombinant hosts
E) Lysozyme for isolation of the genetic material (DNA)
F) Gel electrophoresis for separation and isolation of DNA fragments
Mark the correct sequence of their use

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Correct option: C

E,C,A,F,B,D

Option C (E,C,A,F,B,D) is correct as it represents the logical sequence of steps in recombinant DNA technology.

15 Easy

15 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

The volume of bioreactors cannot be

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Correct option: A

20 L

Option A (20 L) is correct because bioreactors are typically much larger than 20L for industrial-scale production.

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16 Easy

16 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

How many copies of DNA will be formed from DNA after 4 cycles of PCR?

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Correct option: A

Option A (16) is correct because each PCR cycle doubles the DNA, so after 4 cycles, the DNA is amplified by 2⁴ = 16.

17 Easy

17 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

Genetic engineering is possible because

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Correct option: A

We can cut DNA at specific sites by restriction endo nucleases

Option B (It has ability to replicate within bacterial cells independent of the control of host’s chromosomal DNA) is correct because plasmids have their own origin of replication and can replicate independently of the host chromosome.

18 Easy

18 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following are used to gene cloning?

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Correct option: D

Plasmid

Option D (Plasmid) is correct because plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that are commonly used as vectors to carry and replicate genes in gene cloning.

19 Easy

19 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

An extrachromosomal DNA, which can be used as vector in gene cloning is called

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Correct option: D

Plasmid

Option D (Plasmid) is correct because plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules that can be used as vectors in gene cloning.

20 Easy

20 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

The molecular action of UV light is mainly reflected through

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Correct option: D

Destruction of hydrogen bonds between DNA strands

Option D (Destruction of hydrogen bonds between DNA strands) is correct because UV light primarily damages DNA by disrupting the hydrogen bonds, leading to mutations.

21 Easy

21 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following key factors, makes plasmid, the vector in genetic engineering?

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Correct option: C

Its ability to carry a foreign gene

Option B (Recombinant DNA) is correct because restriction endonucleases are used to cut DNA, allowing for the insertion of a gene of interest and the creation of recombinant DNA.

22 Easy

22 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

A piece of Nucleic acid used to find out a gene by forming a hybrid with it is called.

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Correct option: B

DNA probe

Option B (DNA probe) is correct because a DNA probe is a labeled, single-stranded DNA sequence used to find a complementary gene sequence through hybridization.

23 Easy

23 of 24

Remembering +4 | -1

Taq

polymerase enzyme used in PCR is isolated from

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Correct option: A

Thermus aquaticus

Option A (Thermus aquaticus) is correct because Taq polymerase, used in PCR, is isolated from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

24 Easy

24 of 24

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is least likely to be used as a cloning vector?

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Correct option: C

Bacterium

Option C (Bacterium) is the correct answer because while bacteria are used in cloning, they are the *host* and not the vector itself. Plasmids within bacteria are vectors.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review BIOTECHNOLOGY-PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 24 single-correct-answer MCQs on BIOTECHNOLOGY-PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES.
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