P-block elements practice · Easy

Option D is the oxide of a different type because Na2O2 is a peroxide, while the others are dioxides.

Option D (He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe) is correct because all of these are inert gases present in the atmosphere.

Option B is correct. Halogens have characteristic colors due to the absorption of light, and they readily accept electrons due to their high electronegativity, but the color is not directly caused by electron affinity.

Option A (1:3 conc. $HN{O_3}$ and conc. $HCl$) is incorrect. The correct ratio for Aqua regia is 1 part concentrated Nitric Acid to 3 parts concentrated Hydrochloric acid.

Option B (H₂S) is correct because among the given hydrides, H₂S has the lowest boiling point due to weaker intermolecular forces compared to H₂O (hydrogen bonding) and heavier hydrides (increased van der Waals forces).

Option A ($\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_2 \mathrm{O}_8$) is correct because the chemical formula for Marshall's acid, also known as peroxydisulfuric acid, is $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_2 \mathrm{O}_8$.

Option B ($Ca{C_2} + C{a_3}{P_2}$) is correct because Holmes' signals are produced by the reaction of calcium carbide ($Ca{C_2}$) and calcium phosphide ($C{a_3}{P_2}$) with water, generating acetylene and phosphine, which ignite spontaneously.

Option A (Helium) is correct because clevite, a uranium mineral, releases helium gas upon heating due to alpha decay.

Option D is correct because as the oxidation state of the central atom increases, the acidic character of the oxide also increases due to increased polarization of the O-H bond.

Option C (Iodine) is correct because seaweeds are known to be a significant source of iodine, which they accumulate from seawater.

Option D ($C{F_2}C{l_2}$) is correct because dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon-12) is a common refrigerant.

Option B is correct. Phosphine (PH3) reacts with hydrobromic acid (HBr) to form phosphonium bromide (PH4Br), a salt.

Option D (Polonium) is correct because Polonium is a radioactive element and is not generally considered a chalcogen, which are ore-forming elements.

Option C (Azeotropic mixture) is correct because 98% $H_2SO_4$ forms an azeotropic mixture with water.

Option D ($N{H_3}$) is correct because ammonia ($N{H_3}$) is a non-combustible hydride, while the other hydrides are combustible.

Option B (Neon lamp) is correct because neon lamps emit orange-red light, which is effective in chlorophyll formation and used in greenhouses to promote plant growth.

Option D (${Cl}$) is correct because the Beilstein test is used to detect the presence of halogens, particularly chlorine.

Option B ($Ca{\left( {Cl{O_2}} \right)_2}$) is correct because calcium has a +2 charge and chlorite has a -1 charge, requiring two chlorite ions to balance the charge.

Option A is correct because both statements are correct. Fluorine is a stronger oxidizing agent than chlorine, and HI is the strongest acid and reducing agent among the hydrides of Group 17.

Option A (0) is correct because none of the given atomic numbers (56, 57, 70, 80, 24) correspond to noble gases.

Option D (Xenon) is correct because Van der Waals forces increase with increasing atomic size and number of electrons, and Xenon has the largest atomic size among the given noble gases.

Option A (HCl) is correct because it has the lowest boiling point among the given hydrogen halides due to weaker intermolecular forces.

Option B ($CuS{O_4}$) is correct because copper sulfate reacts with potassium iodide to produce iodine.

Option D ($NH_4Cl + NaNO_2$) is correct because heating this mixture produces nitrogen gas.

Option C (${\mathrm{O}_3}$) is correct because ozone decomposes to produce oxygen, which improves the air quality in crowded places.

Option B ($HCl$) is correct because ammonia gas reacts with hydrogen chloride to form white fumes of ammonium chloride.

Option A (NO) is correct because nitric oxide (NO) acts as a catalyst in the lead chamber process for the manufacture of sulfuric acid.

Option A ($O$) is correct because oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust.

Option A (${HClO} < {HClO}_2 < {HClO}_3 < {HClO}_4$) is correct because the acid strength increases with the number of oxygen atoms bonded to the central chlorine atom.

Option D (${NH}_4 {NO}_3$) is correct because it decomposes to produce nitrous oxide (${N}_2 {O}$) and water, not nitrogen gas.