P-block elements practice · Mixed difficulty

Option C is correct because the element with electronic configuration $\left[ {\mathrm{Ne}} \right]3{s^2},\mathrm{\;}3{p^5}$ is Chlorine, which is a halogen and belongs to a different family than the others, which are transition metals.

Option A ($Cl{O^-}$) is correct because the stability of oxoanions of chlorine increases with increasing oxidation number of chlorine, making $ClO^-$ the least stable.

Option D is the wrong statement because in the hydrolysis of interhalogen compounds, the larger halogen forms the oxyacid, while the smaller halogen forms the hydrohalic acid.

Option D ($CC{l_3}.N{O_2}$) is correct because Nitrochloroform ($CC{l_3}.N{O_2}$) is commonly known as tear gas.

Option D (Liquid $N{H_3}$) is correct because liquid ammonia has a high heat of vaporization, making it effective for cooling.

Option B is correct because the central atom in the ozone molecule (O3) has a formal charge of +1, not zero. The other statements are correct: PF5 exhibits an expanded octet, and NO2 is an odd electron molecule.

The correct answer is B (White P) because white phosphorus reacts with carbon dioxide to produce a cold, green flame.

Option D ($P{H_3}$) is correct because the reaction of white phosphorus ($P_4$) with aqueous NaOH produces phosphine ($PH_3$) and sodium hypophosphite ($NaH_2PO_2$).

Option B (If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because both statements are true, but the polymeric structure of red phosphorus is not the reason why white phosphorus is more reactive.

Option C ($\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}$) is correct because heating ammonium nitrate produces nitrous oxide ($\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}$).

Option C (Assertion is correct, but reason is wrong statement) is correct because sulfuric acid is actually *more* volatile than hydrochloric acid.

Option C ($\left[{Fe}\left({H}_2 {O}\right)_5 {NO}\right]^{2+}$) is correct because the brown ring complex formed in the nitrate test has the formula $\left[{Fe}\left({H}_2 {O}\right)_5 {NO}\right]^{2+}$.

Option D (I, II and III) is correct because ammonia is used in the production of nitrogenous fertilizers, nitric acid, and as a refrigerant.

Option C (Urea) is correct because urea (NH2CONH2) has the highest nitrogen content (46.66%) compared to the other options.

Option C ($\text{I}^-$ only) is correct because iodide ions can be oxidized by oxygen in acidic medium, while chloride and bromide ions typically do not undergo this reaction under normal conditions.

Option A is correct because fluorine is a stronger oxidizing agent than chlorine due to its low bond dissociation energy and high hydration energy.

Option B (Hypophosphorous acid is a diprotic acid) is not valid because hypophosphorous acid (${H_3}{PO_2}$) is a monoprotic acid, not a diprotic acid.

The correct answer is D (All are true) because ammonia water is a good cleaning agent due to its weakly basic nature, ability to emulsify grease, and property of leaving no residue.

Option C (Pyrosulphuric acid) is correct because $SO_3$ dissolves in sulphuric acid to form pyrosulphuric acid ($H_2S_2O_7$).

The correct answer is acidic because the reaction between concentrated nitric acid and P4O10 produces nitrogen pentaoxide (N2O5), which is an acidic oxide.

Option B (Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because while both the assertion and reason are true statements, the reason does not explain why water is a liquid.

Option B (Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.) is correct because oxygen can exhibit positive oxidation states, and the stability of +6 oxidation state decreases down the group due to the inert pair effect.

Option D (Freons) is correct because Freons (chlorofluorocarbons) release chlorine radicals that deplete the ozone layer.

Option B is correct because the acidic strength of oxyacids decreases down the group, so the correct order should be $HClO_4 > HBrO_4 > HIO_4$.

Option B (Cu) is correct because copper reacts with cold dilute nitric acid to produce nitric oxide.

Option B is correct. Chlorine has a higher electron affinity than fluorine, and chlorine is a weaker oxidizing agent than fluorine. The reason is not the correct explanation for the assertion.

Option D (All of these) is correct because zero group members are also known as inert gases, rare gases, and noble gases due to their properties.

The correct answer is Statement I and statement II are correct and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I because iodine is non-polar and dissolves better in the non-polar solvent carbon tetrachloride than in polar water.

Option C ($\mathrm{Po}{\mathrm{O}_2}$) is correct because Polonium dioxide is known to be insoluble in water, unlike the other oxides listed.

Option A (White P) is correct because white phosphorus exhibits phosphorescence, a phenomenon known as cold fire, due to its oxidation in air.