$9{\rm{\sigma }}$ and $2{\rm{\pi }}$ bonds

$6{\rm{\sigma }}$ and $2{\rm{\pi }}$ bonds

$2{\rm{\sigma }}$ and $2{\rm{\pi }}$ bonds

$6{\rm{\sigma }}$ ans $2{\rm{\pi }}$ bonds

Among the species:${\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2},{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{CO}}{{\rm{O}}^ - },{\rm{CO}},{\rm{CO}}_3^{2 - }$,$HCHO$ which has the weakest ${\rm{C}} - {\rm{O}}$ bond?

${\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{CO}}{{\rm{O}}^ - }$

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JEE • CHEMISTRY • CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Chemical bonding & molecular structure practice · Medium

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These sets use single-correct-answer MCQs. They do not cover every JEE Main or JEE Advanced question format and are not full-length mock papers.

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Showing 151-180 of 342 questions

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151 Medium

151 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Isostructural pairs among the following are
a)

{BF}_3

and

{NF}_3

{SO}_4^{2-}

and

{CrO}_4^{2-}

{CO}_3^{2-}

and

{NO}_3^{-}

{SF}_4

and

{CF}_4

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

B and C only

Option C (B and C only) is correct because

SO_4^{2-}

and

CrO_4^{2-}

are both tetrahedral, and

CO_3^{2-}

and

NO_3^-

are both trigonal planar.

152 Medium

152 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which reaction involves a change in hybridisation of underlined atom?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Both (1) & (3)

Option D (Both (1) & (3)) is correct because in both reactions, the hybridization of the central atom changes from sp2 to sp3 in BF3 and from sp3d to sp3d2 in PCl5.

153 Medium

153 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following is incorrect?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{SiO}_2

is linear and hybridisation of

\mathrm{Si}

s p

The correct answer is

\mathrm{SiO}_2

is linear and hybridisation of

\mathrm{Si}

s p

because

SiO_2

has a three-dimensional structure with

sp^3

hybridization.

154 Medium

154 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Geometry of ammonia molecule and the hybridisation of nitrogen involved in it are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

s{p^3}

hyridisation and distorted tetrahedral geometry

Option B (

s{p^3}

hyridisation and distorted tetrahedral geometry) is correct because ammonia has

s{p^3}

hybridization with a lone pair, resulting in a distorted tetrahedral (pyramidal) geometry.

155 Medium

155 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Shape of

\text{NH}_3

molecule is tetrahedral.

Reason: In

\text{NH}_3

nitrogen is

\text{sp}^3

hybridized.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct

Option D is correct. The assertion is incorrect because NH₃ has a pyramidal shape, not tetrahedral. The reason is correct because nitrogen in NH₃ is sp³ hybridized.

156 Medium

156 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which one of the following pairs is isostructural (

i.e

., having the same shape and hybridization)?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\left[ {\mathrm{BF}_4^ - \,\,\mathrm{and }\,\mathrm{NH}_4^ + } \right]

Option B (

\left[ {\mathrm{BF}_4^ - \,\mathrm{and }\,\mathrm{NH}_4^ + } \right]

) is correct because both ions have

sp^3

hybridization and tetrahedral geometry.

157 Medium

157 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

The order of dipole moments of the following molecules is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

{CH}_2 {Cl}_2>{CHCl}_3>{CH}_3 {Cl}>{CCl}_4

Option B (

{CH}_2 {Cl}_2>{CHCl}_3>{CH}_3 {Cl}>{CCl}_4

) is correct because the dipole moment depends on the vector sum of bond dipoles, and the symmetry in

CCl_4

cancels out the dipole moment.

158 Medium

158 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

In the transition of

\mathrm{Cu}

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{u}^{2 + }}

, there is a decrease in:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Number of valency electrons

Option D (Number of valency electrons) is correct because copper loses two valence electrons to form the Cu²⁺ ion.

159 Medium

159 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which one is most polar?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}\mathrm{OH}

Option D (

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}\mathrm{OH}

) is correct because the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen is significant, leading to a large dipole moment that is not canceled out by other bonds in the molecule.

160 Medium

160 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

1,3-butadiene has:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

9\mathrm{\sigma }

and

2\mathrm{\pi }

bonds

Option C (

9\mathrm{\sigma }

and

2\mathrm{\pi }

bonds) is correct because 1,3-butadiene (

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2} = \mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH} = \mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}

) has 9 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds.

161 Medium

161 of 342

Remembering +4 | -1

Pauling received Nobel Prize for his work on:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Chemical bonding

Option C (Chemical bonding) is correct because Linus Pauling received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances.

162 Medium

162 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Among the species:

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}_2},\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{O}^ - },\mathrm{CO},\mathrm{CO}_3^{2 - }

HCHO

which has the weakest

\mathrm{C} - \mathrm{O}

bond?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{CO}_3^{2 - }

The correct answer is C (

\mathrm{CO}_3^{2 - }

) because it has the lowest bond order (1.33) among the given species, resulting in the weakest

\mathrm{C} - \mathrm{O}

bond.

163 Medium

163 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Choose the correct statement.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Though

{C}-{Cl}

bond is polar,

{CCl}_4

is non polar

Option C (Though

{C}-{Cl}

bond is polar,

{CCl}_4

is non polar) is correct because the individual polar

{C}-{Cl}

bonds are arranged symmetrically around the carbon atom, resulting in the cancellation of bond dipoles and a net dipole moment of zero.

164 Medium

164 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which among the following has longest bond length?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathrm{O}_2^{2-}

Option D (O2^2-) is correct because the bond order of O2^2- is the lowest among the given options, leading to the longest bond length.

165 Medium

165 of 342

Remembering +4 | -1

Dipole moment is usually designated by a Greek letter '

\mu

\mu=Q \times r

. Here,

Q

and

r

represents

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Q=

charge,

r=

distance of separation

Option A (

Q=

charge,

r=

distance of separation) is correct because the dipole moment is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between the charges.

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166 Medium

166 of 342

Remembering +4 | -1

Lewis pictured the atom in terms of kernel and the outermost shell that could accommodate a maximum of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

8 electrons

Option C (8 electrons) is correct because Lewis's octet rule states that atoms tend to achieve a stable configuration with eight electrons in their outermost shell.

167 Medium

167 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following species will have the minimum bond energy?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{N}_2^{2-}

The correct answer is

\mathrm{N}_2^{2-}

because it has the lowest bond order among the given species, indicating the weakest bond and thus the minimum bond energy.

168 Medium

168 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The angle between the bonding orbitals of a molecule

A{X_3}

with zero dipolemoment is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

120^\circ

Option A (

120^\circ

) is correct because a molecule of type

AX_3

with zero dipole moment has a trigonal planar geometry, resulting in bond angles of 120 degrees.

169 Medium

169 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Statement I:

\mathrm{NaCl}

forms ionic crystal

Statement II: In

\mathrm{NaCl}

atoms have electrostatic attractive forces

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

If statement I is correct but statement II is false

Option D (If statement I is false but statement II is correct) is correct because NaCl forms ionic crystal and atoms in NaCl have electrostatic attractive forces.

170 Medium

170 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following pair contains 2 lone pair of electrons on the central atom?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

{I}_3^{+}, {H}_2 {O}

Option A (

{I}_3^{+}, {H}_2 {O}

) is correct because both

{I}_3^{+}

and

{H}_2 {O}

have 2 lone pairs on the central atom.

171 Medium

171 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Consider the following statements
Statement I : The

HF_2^ -

ion exists in the solid state and also in the liquid state but not in aqueous solution
Statement II : The magnitude of hydrogen bonds in between HF-HF molecules is weaker than in between HF and

{H_2}O

molecules

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Both the statements are correct

Option C (Both the statements are correct) is correct because both statements regarding the existence of

HF_2^-

and the strength of hydrogen bonds are true.

172 Medium

172 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The correct order of bond angles is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{H_2}S < N{H_3} < Si{H_4} < B{F_3}

Option D is correct. The bond angles increase in the order H2S < SiH4 < NH3 < BF3 due to differences in electronegativity and lone pair repulsion.

173 Medium

173 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The correct sequence of hybridisation of methane, ethene and acetylene is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

s{p^3},s{p^2},sp

The correct answer is C (

s{p^3}, s{p^2}, s

). The order of electronegativity of methane, ethene and ethyne is

sp^3, sp^2, sp

174 Medium

174 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

The correct order against indicated property is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\mathrm{N}_2{ }^{+}>\mathrm{H}_2{ }^{+}

(bond order)

The correct answer is A because the bond order of N2+ is higher than that of H2+.

175 Medium

175 of 342

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following has the highest melting point

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Diamond

Option B (Diamond) is correct because diamond has a giant covalent network structure, requiring a large amount of energy to break, resulting in a very high melting point.

176 Medium

176 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The decreasing order of bond angle is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{NO}_2^ + > N{\mathrm{O}_2} > \mathrm{NO}_2^ -

Option C (

\mathrm{NO}_2^ + > N{\mathrm{O}_2} > \mathrm{NO}_2^ -

) is correct because the bond angle decreases as the number of lone pairs increases.

177 Medium

177 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

In case of bonding molecular orbital, the electron density is located

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Between the nuclei of the bonded atoms

Option B is correct. In a bonding molecular orbital, the electron density is concentrated between the nuclei of the bonded atoms, leading to increased stability.

178 Medium

178 of 342

Remembering +4 | -1

Hybridization involves:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Mixing of atomic orbitals

Option B (Mixing of atomic orbitals) is correct because hybridization is the process of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals.

179 Medium

179 of 342

Application +4 | -1

Chlorine atom, in its third excited state, reacts with fluorine to form a compound X. The formula and shape of X are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathrm{Cl}{\mathrm{F}_7}

pentagonal bipyramidal

Option D (

\mathrm{Cl}{\mathrm{F}_7}

pentagonal bipyramidal) is correct because in the third excited state, chlorine can form 7 bonds with fluorine, resulting in a pentagonal bipyramidal shape.

180 Medium

180 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The shape of gaseous

\mathrm{SnC}{\mathrm{l}_2}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Angular

Option C (Angular) is correct because SnCl2 has sp2 hybridization with one lone pair, resulting in a bent or angular shape.

Revision notes and key takeaways

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