In which of the following molecules/ions ${\rm{B}}{{\rm{F}}_3},{\rm{NO}}_2^ - ,{\rm{NH}}_2^ - $, and ${{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}$ the central atom is $s{p^2}$ hybridized?

${\rm{B}}{{\rm{F}}_3}{\rm{and NO}}_2^ - $

${\rm{NO}}_2^ - {\rm{and NH}}_2^ - $

${\rm{NH}}_2^ - {\rm{and}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}$

${\rm{NO}}_2^ - {\rm{and}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}$

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JEE • CHEMISTRY • CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Chemical bonding & molecular structure practice · Medium

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Showing 1-30 of 342 questions

1 Medium

1 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The hybridization in sulphur dioxide is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

s p^2

Option C (

s p^2

) is correct because sulfur dioxide (

SO_2

) has one lone pair and two sigma bonds, resulting in a steric number of 3 and

s p^2

hybridization.

2 Medium

2 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}_2}

has the same geometry as:

\left( A \right)\mathrm{HgC}{\mathrm{l}_2},\left( B \right)\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{O}_2},\left( C \right)\mathrm{SnC}{\mathrm{l}_4},\left( D \right){\mathrm{C}_2}{\mathrm{H}_2}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

A\,and\,D

Option D (If Statement I is INCORRECT, but Statement II is CORRECT) is correct because the pH of an acidic buffer solution remains nearly constant upon dilution, while the pH of an aqueous solution of acid always increases upon dilution.

3 Medium

3 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Paramagnetism is shown by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{O}_2

Option B (

{O}_2

) is correct because the oxygen molecule has two unpaired electrons, which causes paramagnetism.

4 Medium

4 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A) :

{BF}_3

is a weaker Lewis acid than

{BCl}_3

.

Reason (R) : The planar

{BF}_3

molecule is stabilised to a greater extent than

{BCl}_3

{B}-X \pi

-bonding.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Both

\mathbf{A}

and

\mathbf{R}

are true and

\mathbf{R}

is the correct explanation of

\mathbf{A}

Option D (A is incorrect; R is correct) is correct because group 13 halides are hydrolyzed in the trivalent state, not the bivalent state, and their covalent nature contributes to this hydrolysis.

5 Medium

5 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The species in which bond is non-directional

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{RbCl}

Option D (Infinite time) is correct because first-order reactions theoretically never reach 100% completion; they approach it asymptotically.

6 Medium

6 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

The correct sequence of decreasing number of

\pi

–bonds in the structures of

{H_2}S{O_3},{H_2}S{O_4}\,\,\,and\,\,{H_2}{S_2}{O_7}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\,\,{H_2}{S_2}{O_7} > {H_2}S{O_4} > {H_2}S{O_3}

Option C (

{H_2}{S_2}{O_7} > {H_2}S{O_4} > {H_2}S{O_3}

) is correct because it accurately reflects the decreasing number of pi-bonds in the structures of the given compounds.

7 Medium

7 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The total number of valency electrons in

PH_4^ +

ion is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

8

Option A (8) is correct because phosphorus has 5 valence electrons, each hydrogen has 1, and the +1 charge indicates one electron is removed, resulting in 5 + 4 - 1 = 8 valence electrons.

8 Medium

8 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Correct order of stability of the given species is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{N}_2 > \mathrm{N}_2^{+} > \mathrm{N}_2^{-}

Option B (

\mathrm{N}_2 > \mathrm{N}_2^{+} > \mathrm{N}_2^{-}

) is correct because higher bond order implies greater stability, and the number of antibonding electrons affects stability when bond orders are equal.

9 Medium

9 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Among the compounds

NaCl,\,\,KCl,\,\,RbCl

and

CsCl

the one with greatest ionic character is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

CsCl

Option C (

CsCl

) is correct because, among the given options,

Cs^+

has the largest size, leading to the greatest ionic character.

10 Medium

10 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assuming

s-p

mixing is not operative, the paramagnetic species among the following is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{O}_2

Option B (

{O}_2

) is correct because it has unpaired electrons in its molecular orbital configuration, making it paramagnetic when

s-p

mixing is not operative.

11 Medium

11 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Among the two

\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}

bonds in

\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}

molecule, the energy required to break the first

\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}

bond and the other

\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}

bond is the same.
Reason (R): This is because the electronic environment around oxygen is the not same even after breakage of one

\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}

bond.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Assertion is incorrect; Reason is correct

Option A is correct because C2 has only two pi bonds and no sigma bond according to its molecular orbital configuration.

12 Medium

12 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which one of the following is a correct set?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

S F_4, s p^3 d

, sea-saw geometry

Option A (

S F_4, s p^3 d

, sea-saw geometry) is correct because SF4 has sp3d hybridization and a see-saw geometry due to one lone pair.

13 Medium

13 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

The energy change accompanying the process given below is,

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}^ + }\left( \mathrm{g} \right) + \mathrm{C}{\mathrm{l}^ - }(g) \to \mathrm{NaCl}\left( s \right)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Lattice energy

Option D (Lattice energy) is correct because lattice energy is the energy released when gaseous ions combine to form a solid lattice.

14 Medium

14 of 342

Application +4 | -1

In which of the following molecules/ions

\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{F}_3},\mathrm{NO}_2^ - ,\mathrm{NH}_2^ -

, and

{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{O}

the central atom is

s{p^2}

hybridized?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{F}_3}\mathrm{and NO}_2^ -

Option A (

\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{F}_3}\mathrm{and NO}_2^ -

) is correct because in both

\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{F}_3}

and

\mathrm{NO}_2^ -

, the central atom is

s{p^2}

hybridized.

15 Medium

15 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: The bond order of helium is always zero.
Reason: The number of electrons in bonding molecular orbital and anti-bonding molecular orbital is equal.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct explanation for assertion

Option A is correct because Helium's bond order is zero due to equal number of electrons in bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.

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16 Medium

16 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is an incorrect statement

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\pi -

bond is formed by the overlapping of hybrid orbitals

Option A (A

\pi -

bond is formed by the overlapping of hybrid orbitals) is incorrect because

\pi

bonds are formed by the lateral (sideways) overlap of unhybridized p-orbitals.

17 Medium

17 of 342

Application +4 | -1

A certain diatomic molecule,

A B

has dipole moment 1.6 D and the internuclear distance is

100 \mathrm{pm}

. The percentage of electronic charge existing on more electronegative atom is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

33 \%

Option A (33 %) is correct because it is calculated by dividing the observed dipole moment by the calculated dipole moment, then multiplying by 100.

18 Medium

18 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Unusually high boiling point of water is the result of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Intermolecular hydrogen bonding

Option A (Intermolecular hydrogen bonding) is correct because the unusually high boiling point of water is due to the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between water molecules.

19 Medium

19 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following molecules has pyramidal shape

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

{PCl}_3

Option A (

{PCl}_3

) is correct because

{PCl}_3

has a pyramidal shape due to the presence of a lone pair on the central phosphorus atom.

20 Medium

20 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) :

\mathrm{PH}_3

has lower boiling point than

\mathrm{NH}_3

.

Reason (R) : In liquid state

\mathrm{NH}_3

molecules are associated through vander waal's forces, but

\mathrm{PH}_3

molecules are associated through hydrogen bonding.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

(A) is correct but (R) is not correct

Option D ((A) is correct but (R) is not correct) is correct because PH3 has a lower boiling point than NH3, but the reason is due to weaker van der Waals forces, not hydrogen bonding in PH3.

21 Medium

21 of 342

Application +4 | -1

An atom with atomic number 20 is most likely to combine chemically with the atom whose atomic number is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Option B (16) is correct because an atom with atomic number 20 (Calcium) is most likely to combine with an atom with atomic number 16 (Sulfur) to form an ionic compound.

22 Medium

22 of 342

Remembering +4 | -1

According to Fajan's rule polarization is more when:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Small cation and large anion

Option A (Small cation and large anion) is correct because according to Fajan's rule, polarization is more pronounced with a small cation and a large anion.

23 Medium

23 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which amongst the following is incorrect statement:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{N}_2^{-2}

is diamagnetic

The correct answer is C because N2^-2 has 16 electrons, resulting in 2 unpaired electrons and making it paramagnetic, not diamagnetic.

24 Medium

24 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one is correct?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Dioxygen is paramagnetic

Option B (

\mathrm{RbCl}

) is correct because

\mathrm{RbCl}

is an ionic compound, and ionic bonds are non-directional due to the electrostatic attraction between ions.

25 Medium

25 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Equal number of sigma and pi bonds are present in ethyne.

Reason (R):

\pi

bond is stronger than

\sigma

bond.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Both (A) and (R) are false

Option D (Both (A) and (R) are false) is correct because ethyne has one sigma bond and two pi bonds, and pi bonds are weaker than sigma bonds.

26 Medium

26 of 342

Application +4 | -1

What bond order does

\mathrm{O}_2^{2 - }

have?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A (1) is correct because the bond order of

\mathrm{O}_2^{2 - }

is calculated based on its molecular orbital configuration.

27 Medium

27 of 342

Remembering +4 | -1

The C–C bond dissociation energy in kcal/mol
is–

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Option C (81) is correct because the C–C bond dissociation energy is approximately 81 kcal/mol.

28 Medium

28 of 342

Analyzing +4 | -1

The correct order of dipole moment is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_4} < N{\mathrm{F}_3} < N{\mathrm{H}_3} < {\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{O}

Option A (

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_4} < N{\mathrm{F}_3} < N{\mathrm{H}_3} < {\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{O}

) is correct because it represents the increasing order of dipole moments based on molecular geometry and electronegativity differences.

29 Medium

29 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Low oxidation state of metals in their complexes are common when ligands :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Have good

\pi

-accepting character

Option A (Have good

\pi

-accepting character) is correct because ligands with good pi-accepting character stabilize low oxidation states of metals by back-bonding.

30 Medium

30 of 342

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is not a correct statement

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Melting point of a covalent compound is more than an ionic compound

Option C (Melting point of a covalent compound is more than an ionic compound) is not a correct statement because ionic compounds generally have higher melting points than covalent compounds.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 342 single-correct-answer MCQs on CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE.
✓ Try each question before opening its answer. Read the explanation where one is available.
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