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NEET • PHYSICS • THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Thermal properties of matter practice · Mixed difficulty

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Showing 1-30 of 269 questions

1 Easy

1 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Four identical calorimeters painted in different colours, are heated to same temperature and then allowed to cool in vacuum. Which will cool fastest?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

One which is painted thick black

Option C (One which is painted thick black) is correct because black surfaces are the best emitters of radiation, according to Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation, leading to the fastest cooling in a vacuum.

2 Easy

2 of 269

Application +4 | -1

An ice cube of dimensions

60 \mathrm{~cm} \times 50 \mathrm{~cm} \times 20 \mathrm{~cm}

is placed in an insulation box of wall thickness

1 \mathrm{~cm}

. The box keeping the ice cube at

0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

of temperature is brought to a room of temperature

40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

. The rate of melting of ice is approximately.

(Latent heat of fusion of ice is

3.4 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~kg}^{-1}

and thermal conducting of insulation wall is

\left. {0.05{\text{W}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 1}}^\circ {{\text{C}}^{ - 1}}} \right)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

61 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}

Option B (

61 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}

) is correct because it is the approximate rate of melting of ice calculated using the heat transfer through the insulation box.

3 Easy

3 of 269

Application +4 | -1

A black body radiates heat energy at the rate of

2 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{sm}^2

at temp. of

127^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

. The temp of black body at which rate becomes

32 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{s}-\mathrm{m}^2

is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

527^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

Option B (

527^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

) is correct because it is the temperature at which the black body radiates heat at the specified rate, calculated using Stefan-Boltzmann law.

4 Medium

4 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

The amount of radiation emitted by a perfectly black body is proportional to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Fourth power of temperature on ideal gas scale

Option C (Fourth power of temperature on ideal gas scale) is correct because Stefan-Boltzmann law states that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body is directly proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.

5 Medium

5 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a body through 1K is called its

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Thermal Capacity

Option A (

PV

) is correct because Boyle's law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the product of pressure and volume is constant.

6 Medium

6 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

If Poisson’s ratio

\sigma

+ \frac{1}{2}

for a material, then the material is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Incompressible

Option A (Incompressible) is correct because a Poisson's ratio of +1/2 indicates that the material's volume remains constant under deformation, which is the definition of incompressibility.

7 Easy

7 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

A liquid having coefficient of cubical expansion

\gamma

is filled in the container having coefficient of linear expansion

\alpha

. If on heating the liquid overflows, then which of the following relations is correct?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\gamma > 3 \alpha

Option C (

\gamma > 3 \alpha

) is correct because for the liquid to overflow, its volume expansion must be greater than the container's volume expansion.

8 Medium

8 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following statements is correct for a bulb thermometer?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

The bulb of the thermometer is made of a conducting material

Option A (The bulb of the thermometer is made of a conducting material) is correct because a conducting material allows for rapid heat transfer between the environment and the liquid inside the bulb, ensuring accurate temperature readings.

9 Easy

9 of 269

Application +4 | -1

Find the water equivalent of copper block of mass 200g. The specific heat of copper is

0.09\,cal/g^\circ C\,.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

18 gram

Option A (18 gram) is correct because the water equivalent is calculated by multiplying the mass of the copper block by its specific heat.

10 Medium

10 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

In which mode of transmission, the heat waves travel along straight line with the speed of light?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Thermal radiation

Option A (Thermal radiation) is correct because thermal radiation involves the emission of electromagnetic waves, which travel in straight lines at the speed of light.

11 Medium

11 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Equal masses of two liquids are filled in two similar calorimeters. The rate of cooling will

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Depend on the specific heats of liquids

Option B (Depend on the specific heats of liquids) is correct because the rate of cooling is inversely proportional to the specific heat capacity of the liquid.

12 Medium

12 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

What extinguishes a fire most quickly?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Boiling water

Option B (Boiling water) is correct because boiling water turns into steam more rapidly, displacing oxygen and cooling the fire more effectively than cold or hot water.

13 Medium

13 of 269

Application +4 | -1

Certain quantity of water cools from

70^\circ \,C

60^\circ \,C

in the first 5 minutes and to

54^\circ \,C

in the next 5 minutes. The temperature of the surrounding is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

45^\circ C

Option D (

45^\circ C

) is correct because it is calculated using Newton's Law of Cooling, which relates the rate of cooling to the temperature difference between the object and its surroundings.

14 Medium

14 of 269

Application +4 | -1

If temperature of an object is

{140^0}F

then its temperature in centigrade is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

{60^0}C

Option D (

{60^0}C

) is correct because it is the correct conversion of 140°F to Celsius.

15 Medium

15 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

The quantity of heat which crosses per unit area of a metal plate during conduction depends upon

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

The temperature gradient perpendicular to the area

Option B (The temperature gradient perpendicular to the area) is correct because the rate of heat transfer is directly proportional to the temperature gradient according to Fourier's Law.

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16 Easy

16 of 269

Application +4 | -1

When a Celsius thermometer reads

{90^ \circ }C

, a faulty Fahrenheit thermometer reads

{190^ \circ }F

. The correction to be made in the latter scale is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

+ {4^ \circ }F

Option D (

+ {4^\circ }F

) is correct because the correct Fahrenheit reading corresponding to 90°C is 194°F, and the faulty thermometer reads 190°F, so the correction to be made is +4°F.

17 Medium

17 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Heat given to a body which raises its temperature by

1^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Thermal capacity

Option B (Thermal capacity) is correct because thermal capacity is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a body by 1°C.

18 Easy

18 of 269

Application +4 | -1

A glass tube (co-efficient of linear expansion

\alpha

) is completely filled with a liquid of co-efficient of volume expansion

\gamma

. If on heating the length of liquid column doesn't change then. Find the value of

\frac{\gamma}{\alpha}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A (2) is correct because the length of the liquid column remains unchanged, implying that the volume expansion of the liquid is twice the volume expansion due to the glass tube's linear expansion.

19 Medium

19 of 269

Application +4 | -1

The resistance of the wire in the platinum resistance thermometer at ice point is 5

\Omega

and at steam point is 5.25

\Omega

.When the thermometer is inserted in an unknown hot bath its resistance is found to be 5.5

\Omega

. The temperature of the hot bath is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{200^0}C

Option B (

{200^0}C

) is correct because the temperature is calculated using the linear relationship between resistance and temperature.

20 Medium

20 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Temperature of water at the surface of lake is

- {20^0}C

. Then temperature of water just below the lower surface of ice layer is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{0^0}C

Option B (

{0^0}C

) is correct because the water just below the ice layer will be at the freezing point, which is

{0^0}C

21 Medium

21 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Distribution of energy in the spectrum of a black body can be correctly represented by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Planck’s law

Option C (Planck’s law) is correct because Planck's law accurately describes the spectral distribution of energy emitted by a black body at all wavelengths and temperatures.

22 Easy

22 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

In a constant volume gas thermometer, the temperature of a bath is measured by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Keeping the mass and volume of the gas constant
and by noting change in pressure

Option C (Keeping the volume of the gas constant and by noting the change in pressure) is correct because a constant volume gas thermometer measures temperature by observing the change in pressure of a fixed volume of gas.

23 Easy

23 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

A body has same temperature as that of the surrounding. Then

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

It radiates same heat as it absorbs

Option A (It radiates same heat as it absorbs) is correct because at thermal equilibrium, the rate of heat absorption equals the rate of heat emission.

24 Medium

24 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A) : A conducting rod is placed between boiling water and ice. If rod is broken into two equal parts and two parts are connected side by side, then rate of melting of ice will increase to four times.

Reason (R) : Thermal resistance will become four times.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

If Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.

Option C (If Assertion is true, but the Reason is false) is correct because while the assertion about increased melting rate is true, the thermal resistance becomes one-fourth, not four times.

25 Medium

25 of 269

Application +4 | -1

A liquid of coefficient of cubical expansion

\gamma

is filled in a container having coefficient of linear expansion

\frac{\gamma }{3}

. On heating, liquid level in the container will

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Remain same

Option C (Remain same) is correct because the apparent expansion of the liquid equals the expansion of the container, resulting in no change in the liquid level.

26 Medium

26 of 269

Application +4 | -1

Which of the following cylindrical rods will conduct most heat, when their ends are maintained at the same steady temperature

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Length\,\,1\,\,m;radius\,\,2\,\,cm

Option D (

Length\,\,1\,\,m;radius\,\,2\,\,cm

) is correct because heat conduction is inversely proportional to length and directly proportional to the cross-sectional area (which depends on the square of the radius).

27 Medium

27 of 269

Application +4 | -1

The ratio of radiant energies radiated per unit surface area by two bodies is 16 : 1, the temperature of hotter body is

1000K

, then the temperature of colder body will be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

500K

Option B (

500K

) is correct because the radiant energy is proportional to the fourth power of the temperature, so the temperature of the colder body is half that of the hotter body.

28 Easy

28 of 269

Application +4 | -1

A rod of length 1 m having cross-sectional area 0.75

{m^2}

conducts heat at 6000 J/s, then the temperature difference across the rod is (K =200

\mathbf{W}{\mathbf{m}^{ - \mathbf{1}}}{\mathbf{k}^{ - \mathbf{1}}}

)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{40^0}C

Option B (

{40^0}C

) is correct because it is calculated using the formula for heat conduction, Q = (K * A * ΔT) / L, where Q is the heat flow rate, K is the thermal conductivity, A is the cross-sectional area, ΔT is the temperature difference, and L is the length.

29 Medium

29 of 269

Application +4 | -1

Oxygen boils at

- {183^0}C

. This temperature is approximately

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

- {297^0}F

Option B (

- {297^0}F

) is correct because it is the approximate conversion of -183°C to Fahrenheit.

30 Medium

30 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

A piece of glass is heated to a high temperature and then allowed to cool. If it cracks, a probable reason for this is the following property of glass

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Low thermal conductivity

Option A (Low thermal conductivity) is correct because low thermal conductivity prevents heat from distributing evenly, causing stress and cracking during cooling.

Revision notes and key takeaways

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Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 269 single-correct-answer MCQs on THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER.
✓ Try each question before opening its answer. Read the explanation where one is available.
✓ Sign in to save submitted answers. Revisit incorrect answers alongside your textbook or class notes.

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