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NEET • PHYSICS • THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Thermal properties of matter practice · Easy

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1 Easy

1 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

Four identical calorimeters painted in different colours, are heated to same temperature and then allowed to cool in vacuum. Which will cool fastest?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

One which is painted thick black

Option C (One which is painted thick black) is correct because black surfaces are the best emitters of radiation, according to Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation, leading to the fastest cooling in a vacuum.

2 Easy

2 of 72

Application +4 | -1

An ice cube of dimensions

60 \mathrm{~cm} \times 50 \mathrm{~cm} \times 20 \mathrm{~cm}

is placed in an insulation box of wall thickness

1 \mathrm{~cm}

. The box keeping the ice cube at

0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

of temperature is brought to a room of temperature

40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

. The rate of melting of ice is approximately.

(Latent heat of fusion of ice is

3.4 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~kg}^{-1}

and thermal conducting of insulation wall is

\left. {0.05{\text{W}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 1}}^\circ {{\text{C}}^{ - 1}}} \right)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

61 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}

Option B (

61 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}

) is correct because it is the approximate rate of melting of ice calculated using the heat transfer through the insulation box.

3 Easy

3 of 72

Application +4 | -1

A black body radiates heat energy at the rate of

2 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{sm}^2

at temp. of

127^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

. The temp of black body at which rate becomes

32 \times 10^5 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{s}-\mathrm{m}^2

is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

527^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

Option B (

527^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

) is correct because it is the temperature at which the black body radiates heat at the specified rate, calculated using Stefan-Boltzmann law.

4 Easy

4 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

A liquid having coefficient of cubical expansion

\gamma

is filled in the container having coefficient of linear expansion

\alpha

. If on heating the liquid overflows, then which of the following relations is correct?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\gamma > 3 \alpha

Option C (

\gamma > 3 \alpha

) is correct because for the liquid to overflow, its volume expansion must be greater than the container's volume expansion.

5 Easy

5 of 72

Application +4 | -1

Find the water equivalent of copper block of mass 200g. The specific heat of copper is

0.09\,cal/g^\circ C\,.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

18 gram

Option A (18 gram) is correct because the water equivalent is calculated by multiplying the mass of the copper block by its specific heat.

6 Easy

6 of 72

Application +4 | -1

When a Celsius thermometer reads

{90^ \circ }C

, a faulty Fahrenheit thermometer reads

{190^ \circ }F

. The correction to be made in the latter scale is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

+ {4^ \circ }F

Option D (

+ {4^\circ }F

) is correct because the correct Fahrenheit reading corresponding to 90°C is 194°F, and the faulty thermometer reads 190°F, so the correction to be made is +4°F.

7 Easy

7 of 72

Application +4 | -1

A glass tube (co-efficient of linear expansion

\alpha

) is completely filled with a liquid of co-efficient of volume expansion

\gamma

. If on heating the length of liquid column doesn't change then. Find the value of

\frac{\gamma}{\alpha}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A (2) is correct because the length of the liquid column remains unchanged, implying that the volume expansion of the liquid is twice the volume expansion due to the glass tube's linear expansion.

8 Easy

8 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

In a constant volume gas thermometer, the temperature of a bath is measured by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Keeping the mass and volume of the gas constant
and by noting change in pressure

Option C (Keeping the volume of the gas constant and by noting the change in pressure) is correct because a constant volume gas thermometer measures temperature by observing the change in pressure of a fixed volume of gas.

9 Easy

9 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

A body has same temperature as that of the surrounding. Then

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

It radiates same heat as it absorbs

Option A (It radiates same heat as it absorbs) is correct because at thermal equilibrium, the rate of heat absorption equals the rate of heat emission.

10 Easy

10 of 72

Application +4 | -1

A rod of length 1 m having cross-sectional area 0.75

{m^2}

conducts heat at 6000 J/s, then the temperature difference across the rod is (K =200

\mathbf{W}{\mathbf{m}^{ - \mathbf{1}}}{\mathbf{k}^{ - \mathbf{1}}}

)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{40^0}C

Option B (

{40^0}C

) is correct because it is calculated using the formula for heat conduction, Q = (K * A * ΔT) / L, where Q is the heat flow rate, K is the thermal conductivity, A is the cross-sectional area, ΔT is the temperature difference, and L is the length.

11 Easy

11 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

As the temperature of a black body increases, the wave length of the emitted radiations of maximum intensity:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Decreases

Option B (Decreases) is correct because Wien's displacement law states that the wavelength of maximum intensity is inversely proportional to the temperature of the black body.

12 Easy

12 of 72

Application +4 | -1

A glass vessel contains air at

{60^0}C

. To what temperature must it be heated to expel one third of the air. The pressure remaining constant.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{226.5^0}C

Option B (

{226.5^0}C

) is correct because it is calculated using Charles's Law, considering that one-third of the air is expelled, leaving two-thirds remaining.

13 Easy

13 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

On heating one end of a rod, the temperature of whole rod will be uniform when :-

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

{K}=\infty

Option D (

{K}=\infty

) is correct because a uniform temperature distribution implies infinite thermal conductivity, allowing heat to spread instantaneously throughout the rod.

14 Easy

14 of 72

Remembering +4 | -1

“Good emitters are good absorbers” is a statement concluded from

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Kirchhoff’s law

Option D (Kirchhoff’s law) is correct because Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation states that at a given temperature, the emissivity of a body is equal to its absorptivity.

15 Easy

15 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

Newton's law of cooling applies when a body is losing heat to its surroundings by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Convection and radiation

Option C (Convection and radiation) is correct because Newton's law of cooling is an empirical law that best describes heat loss through these two mechanisms.

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16 Easy

16 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

In a closed room heat transfer takes place by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Convection

Option D (All of these) is correct because in a closed room, heat transfer can occur through conduction, convection, and radiation.

17 Easy

17 of 72

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following instrument is used measure temperature of the source from its thermal radiations?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Pyrometer

Option C (Pyrometer) is correct because pyrometers are specifically designed to measure high temperatures by detecting and analyzing thermal radiation emitted by the source.

18 Easy

18 of 72

Application +4 | -1

The energy that will be ideally radiated by a 100 kW transmitter in 1 hour is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

36 \times {10^7}\,\mathrm{J}

Option B (

36 \times {10^7}\,\mathrm{J}

) is correct because it represents the total energy radiated by the transmitter in one hour, calculated by multiplying power by time.

19 Easy

19 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

Let there be four articles having colours blue, red, black and white. When they are heated together and allowed to cool, which article cool at the earliest

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Red

Option C (Black) is correct because black objects are the best emitters of radiation, so they cool down the fastest.

20 Easy

20 of 72

Application +4 | -1

Calculate the amount of heat radiated per second by a body of surface area

10 \mathrm{~cm}^2

kept in thermal equilibrium in a room at temperature

27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

? The emissivity of surface is 0.80 and

\sigma=6 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^2-\mathrm{k}^4

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

0.39

Option C (0.39) is correct because it represents the net heat radiated per second, calculated using Stefan-Boltzmann law considering both emission and absorption.

21 Easy

21 of 72

Application +4 | -1

An aluminum measuring rod, which is correct at

{5^ \circ }C

measures a certain distance as 88.42 m at

{35^ \circ }C

. The error in measuring the distance due to the expansion of the rod is

\left( {\alpha = 23 \times {{10}^{ - 6}}/1{\,^ \circ }C} \right)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

0.06 m

Option A (0.02 m) is incorrect. Option B (0.03 m) is incorrect. Option C (0.12 m) is incorrect. Option D (0.06 m) is correct because it is the error calculated using the coefficient of linear expansion and the initial length.

22 Easy

22 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

Statement A: Two metallic spheres of same size, one of copper and other of aluminium heated to the same temperatures, will cool at the same rate when they are suspended in the same enclosure.
Statement B: The rate of cooling of a body is directly proportional to the excess of temperature of the body over the surroundings.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Statement A is false and statement B is true

Option C (Statement A is false and statement B is true) is correct because the rate of cooling depends on the material properties and Statement B correctly states Newton's Law of Cooling.

23 Easy

23 of 72

Remembering +4 | -1

What is the cause of the 'Greenhouse effect'?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Infrared rays

Option A (Infrared rays) is correct because greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere.

24 Easy

24 of 72

Application +4 | -1

If the absolute temperature of hot black body is raised by

2 \%

, by how much percentage rate of heat energy radiated would be increased nearly?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

8 \%

Option B (

8 \%

) is correct because the rate of heat energy radiated is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature, so a 2% increase in temperature results in approximately an 8% increase in radiated energy.

25 Easy

25 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

Water does not freeze at the bottom of the lakes in winter because

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Of anomalous expansion of water between

4^\circ \mathrm{C}

0^\circ \mathrm{C}

Option C is correct because water has an anomalous expansion property where it expands instead of contracting when cooled from 4°C to 0°C, making it less dense and causing it to remain at the top.

26 Easy

26 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

The cofficient of volume expansion of a liquid is

\boldsymbol{\gamma}

, it is filled in a container of a material having the coefficient of linear expansion

\boldsymbol{\alpha}

. If the liquid overflows on heating:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\gamma>3 \alpha

Option B is correct. The liquid overflows if its volume expansion is greater than the volume expansion of the container, which means

\gamma > 3\alpha

27 Easy

27 of 72

Application +4 | -1

A brass scale of barometer gives correct reading at

{2^ \circ }C

the coefficient of linear expansion for brass is

0.00001{\,^ \circ }{C^{ - 1}}

. The barometer reads 75cm at

{27^ \circ }C

. The atmospheric pressure at

{2^ \circ }C

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

74.96 cm

Option C (74.96 cm) is correct because it accounts for the thermal expansion of the brass scale in the barometer.

28 Easy

28 of 72

Remembering +4 | -1

On Which of the following scales of temperature, the temperature is never negative

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Kelvin

Option D (Kelvin) is correct because the Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero (0 K) and only has positive values.

29 Easy

29 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

When a solid melts into liquid

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

It absorbs energy

Option A (It absorbs energy) is correct because melting is an endothermic process, meaning it requires energy input to break the bonds holding the solid structure together.

30 Easy

30 of 72

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: When hot water is poured in a beaker of thick glass, the beaker cracks.
Reason: Outer surface of the beaker expands suddenly.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

 assertion is true, but reason is false

Option C is correct. The assertion is true because thick glass is a poor conductor of heat, leading to uneven expansion and cracking. The reason is false because the inner surface expands first, not the outer.

Revision notes and key takeaways

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Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 72 single-correct-answer MCQs on THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER.
✓ Try each question before opening its answer. Read the explanation where one is available.
✓ Sign in to save submitted answers. Revisit incorrect answers alongside your textbook or class notes.

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