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NEET • PHYSICS • THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Thermal properties of matter practice · Hard

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1 Hard

1 of 21

Understanding +4 | -1

For cooking the food, which of the following type of utensil is most suitable

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Low specific heat and high conductivity

Option D (Low specific heat and high conductivity) is correct because low specific heat allows for quick temperature changes and high conductivity ensures even heat distribution.

2 Hard

2 of 21

Application +4 | -1

During an experiment, an ideal gas is found to obey an additional law

V{P^2} = {\text{constant}}{\text{.}}

The gas is initially at temperature

T

and volume

V.

The temperature of the gas when it expands to a volume

2V

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\sqrt 2 \,T

Option C (

\sqrt 2 \,T

) is correct because using the ideal gas law and the given condition

VP^2 = constant

, we can relate the initial and final states to find the new temperature.

3 Hard

3 of 21

Application +4 | -1

The ratio of the diameter of a certain air bubble under isothermal conditions at the bottom and at the surface is

1: 2

. The depth of lake is (1 atomosphere

=10 \mathrm{~m}

depth of water)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

70 \mathrm{~m}

Option A (

70 \mathrm{~m}

) is correct because, under isothermal conditions, the product of pressure and volume is constant. Using this, the depth can be calculated.

4 Hard

4 of 21

Application +4 | -1

A brass rod of length 500 mm and diameter 3 mm is joined to a steel rod of same length and diameter at

{50^0}C

. If the coefficients of linear expansion of brass and steel are

2.5 \times {10^{ - 5}}^0{C^{ - 1}}

and

1.25 \times {10^{ - 5}}^0{C^{ - 1}}

then change in length of the combined rod at

{200^0}C

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

2.8mm

Option B (2.8mm) is correct because the change in length is calculated by summing the expansions of both brass and steel rods.

5 Hard

5 of 21

Application +4 | -1

A cylindrical rod has one end in a steam chamber and the other end in ice. It is found that 1 gm of ice melts per second. If the first rod is replaced by another one of same material, double the length and double the area of cross section, then the mass of ice that melts per second is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

1 gm

Option C (1 gm) is correct because the rate of heat transfer depends on the ratio of area to length, which remains constant.

6 Hard

6 of 21

Application +4 | -1

The densities of a liquid at

{0^0}C

and

{100^0}C

are respectively 1.0127 and 1. A specific gravity bottle is filled with 300 g of the liquid at

{0^0}C

upto the brim and it is heated to

{100^0}C

. Then the mass of the liquid expelled in grams is (Coefficient of linear expansion of glass

= 9 \times {10^{ - 6}}\,\,^\circ {C^{ - 1}}

)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\frac{3}{{1.01}}

Option B (

\frac{3}{{1.01}}

) is correct because it represents the mass of liquid expelled calculated using the densities and the coefficient of linear expansion.

7 Hard

7 of 21

Understanding +4 | -1

Can we boil water inside the earth satellite by convection

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Option B (No) is correct because convection requires gravity to create density differences, which are absent in an earth satellite.

8 Hard

8 of 21

Application +4 | -1

A solid copper sphere (density

\rho

and specific heat capacity

c

) of radius

r

at an initial temperature

200K

is suspended inside a chamber whose walls are at almost

0K

. The time required (in

\mu \,s

) for the temperature of the sphere to drop to

100\,K

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\frac{{27}}{7}\frac{{r\rho c}}{\sigma }

Option C (

\frac{{27}}{7}\frac{{r\rho c}}{\sigma }

) is correct because it is derived from the Stefan-Boltzmann law and heat loss equation, considering the rate of temperature change.

9 Hard

9 of 21

Application +4 | -1

A brass wire 1.8 m long at

27^\circ C

is hold taut with little tension between two rigid supports. If the wire is curled to a temperature of

- 39^\circ C,

then tension developed in the wire if its diameter is 2.0 mm?

\left( {{\alpha _{{\text{brass}}}} = 2 \times {{10}^{ - 5}}/^\circ C,\,\,{Y_{{\text{brass}}}} = 0.91 \times {{10}^{11}}\,\,{\text{Pa}}} \right)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

3.8 \times {10^2}\,\,{\text{N}}

Option A (

3.8 \times {10^2}\,{\text{N}}

) is correct because it represents the tension developed in the wire due to thermal stress.

10 Hard

10 of 21

Application +4 | -1

A wall has two layers

A

and

B

, made of two different materials. The thermal conductivity of material

A

is twice that of

B

. If the two layers have same thickness and under thermal equilibrium, the temperature difference across the wall is

{48^0}C

, the temperature difference across layer

B

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{32^0}C

Option B (

{32^0}C

) is correct because the temperature difference across a layer is inversely proportional to its thermal conductivity when the heat flow is constant.

11 Hard

11 of 21

Application +4 | -1

A gas is contained in a vessel of volume

V_0

at a pressure

P_0

. If the gas is to be pumped out by a suction pump of stroke volume

V

then number of moles of gas remained in the vessel after two strokes is (where,

R

is gas constant,

T

is constant temperature of gas)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\frac{P_0 V_0^3}{R T\left(V_0+V\right)^2}

Option A (

\frac{P_0 V_0^3}{R T\left(V_0+V\right)^2}

) is correct because it represents the remaining moles after two strokes of the suction pump, considering the expansion of gas into the pump volume.

12 Hard

12 of 21

Application +4 | -1

The temperature of an oven, if it radiates 8.28 cal per second through an opening, whose area is

6.1\,\,c{m^2}

is (Assume that the radiation is close to that of a black body)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

1000 K

Option C (1000 K) is correct because it is derived from Stefan-Boltzmann law, relating radiated power to temperature.

13 Hard

13 of 21

Application +4 | -1

A clock with a metal pendulum beating seconds keeps correct time at

0^\circ C

. If it losses 12.5s a day at

25^\circ C

the coefficient of linear expansion of metal pendulum is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\frac{1}{{86400}}/^\circ C

Option A (

\frac{{1}}{{{{86400}}}}/^\circ C

) is correct because it represents the coefficient of linear expansion calculated from the time lost by the pendulum clock.

14 Hard

14 of 21

Application +4 | -1

There are two spherical balls

A

and

B

of the same material with same surface, but the diameter of

A

is half that of

B

. If

A

and

B

are heated to the same temperature and then allowed to cool, then

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Rate of cooling of A is twice that of B

Option C is correct because the rate of cooling is inversely proportional to the diameter, making A cool twice as fast as B.

15 Hard

15 of 21

Application +4 | -1

2 g of steam condenses when passed through 40g of water initially at

25^\circ C.

The condensation of steam raises the temperature of water to

54.3^\circ C.

What is the latent heat of steam.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

540 Cal/g

Option A (540 Cal/g) is correct because it calculates the latent heat of steam using the heat gained by the water and the mass of the steam condensed.

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16 Hard

16 of 21

Application +4 | -1

If 1 g of ice at

0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

is added to 5 g of water at

10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}.

If the latent heat of ice is

80 \mathrm{~cal} / \mathrm{g},

the final temperature of the mixture is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

Option B (

0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

) is correct because the heat released by water cooling down to

0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

is not enough to melt all the ice.

17 Hard

17 of 21

Application +4 | -1

For rate of radiations (power) to be equal with a sphere and cube at same temperature [acting as perfect black bodies] The ratio of radius of sphere to side length of cube should be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\sqrt {\frac{{1.5}}{\pi }}

Option C (

\sqrt {\frac{{1.5}}{\pi }}

) is correct because it equates the power radiated by the sphere and the cube and solves for the ratio of radius to side length.

18 Hard

18 of 21

Application +4 | -1

How many grams of ice at

-14^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

are needed to cool

200 \mathrm{~g}

of water from

25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

? Take specific heat of ice

=0.5 \mathrm{cal} / \mathrm{g} /{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

and latent heat of ice

=80 \mathrm{cal} / \mathrm{g}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A (31) is correct because it calculates the mass of ice needed by equating the heat lost by the water to the heat gained by the ice to warm up and melt.

19 Hard

19 of 21

Application +4 | -1

A metal sphere of radius

r

and specific heat

c

is rotated about an axis passing through its centre at a speed of

n

rotations per second. It is suddenly stopped and 50% of its energy is used in increasing its temperature. Then the rise in temperature of the sphere is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\frac{2}{5}\frac{{{\pi ^2}{n^2}{r^2}}}{c}

Option A (

\frac{2}{5}\frac{{{\pi ^2}{n^2}{r^2}}}{c}

) is correct because the rotational kinetic energy is converted into heat, and the temperature rise is calculated using the specific heat.

20 Hard

20 of 21

Application +4 | -1

If the volume of a block of metal changes by

0.12 \%

, when it is heated through

20^{\circ} {C}

, then the coefficient of areal expansion is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

4 \times 10^{-5}{ }^{\circ} {C}^{-1}

Option A (

4 \times 10^{-5}{ }^{\circ} {C}^{-1}

) is correct because the coefficient of areal expansion is two-thirds of the coefficient of volume expansion.

21 Hard

21 of 21

Application +4 | -1

Two black bodies at

327^\circ C\,\,\mathrm{and}\,\,627^\circ C

are suspended in an environment at

27^\circ C.

The ratio of their emissive powers is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

0.136111111

Option D (0.136111111) is correct because it calculates the ratio of emissive powers using Stefan's law, considering the ambient temperature.

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Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 21 single-correct-answer MCQs on THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER.
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Thermal properties of matter practice · Hard

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