Human reproduction practice · Mixed difficulty

Option B (Colostrum have antibody) is correct because colostrum is rich in antibodies, particularly IgA, which provide passive immunity to the newborn.

Option A (Spermiation –Spermatozoa are released from Sertoli cells into the cavity of seminiferous tubules) is correct because spermiation is the process where mature spermatozoa are released from Sertoli cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.

Option C (6th week) is correct because the fetal heartbeat typically becomes detectable around the 6th week of gestation using ultrasound.

Option B (By giving estrogen for 25 days, adding progesterone from 15 to 25 day) is correct because this mimics the normal hormonal cycle, where estrogen promotes endometrial growth and progesterone stabilizes it.

Option B (Both A and R are true but reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion) is correct because both the assertion and reason are true statements, but the reason doesn't explain why fructose is in seminal fluid.

Option C (Tiger) is correct because tigers are mammals but do not exhibit a menstrual cycle; they have an estrous cycle instead.

Option B (A-GnRH, B-hypothalamus, C-anterior, D-LH, E-FSH) is correct because GnRH from the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to release LH and FSH.

Option D (All of the above) is correct because the placenta facilitates the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and the removal of excretory materials from the fetus.

Option D (The transfer of sperms by male in to the genital tract of female) is correct because insemination refers to the deposition of sperm into the female reproductive tract.

Option A (Lactiferous duct) is correct because mammary ampulla connects to the lactiferous duct, which carries milk to the nipple.

Option A (Fallopian tubes) is correct because oviducts are another name for fallopian tubes, which transport the egg from the ovary to the uterus.

Option C (LH and FSH) is correct because progesterone, secreted by the corpus luteum, inhibits the release of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary, preventing further ovulation during pregnancy or the luteal phase.

Option B is correct because relaxin is secreted by the corpus luteum at the end of gestation to relax the pelvic ligaments and prepare for childbirth.

Option A (They degenerate) is correct because the majority of primary follicles undergo atresia (degeneration) before puberty.

Option B (mesoderm) is correct because the gonads (ovaries and testes) develop from the intermediate mesoderm during embryonic development.

Option A (2-2.5 below body temperature) is correct because the human testis needs to be maintained at a temperature lower than the body temperature for proper spermatogenesis.

Option D is correct because parturition is induced by signals from the fully developed fetus and placenta, not primarily by neural signals in the maternal pituitary, and the pituitary releases oxytocin, not prolactin, for uterine contractions.

Option D is correct because the human placenta is classified as haemochorial, where the maternal blood is in direct contact with the chorion.

Option A (Secretory phase) is correct because the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is also known as the secretory phase.

Option A (Estrogen and progesterone) is correct because circulating levels of estrogen and progesterone exert negative feedback on the hypothalamus, influencing GnRH pulse frequency.

Option A (Foetal membranes) is correct because extraembryonic membranes are also known as fetal membranes as they surround and support the developing fetus.

Option A (Corpus haemorrhagium) is correct because immediately after ovulation, the ruptured follicle fills with blood, forming the corpus haemorrhagicum.

Option A (Parturition) is correct because parturition is the process of giving birth.

Option C (Morphogenetic movements of blastomeres (presumptive areas)) is correct because gastrulation is characterized by the rearrangement and movement of cells, leading to the formation of germ layers.

Option B (Oxytocin from maternal pituitary) is correct because the signals from the fetus and placenta ultimately lead to the release of oxytocin from the maternal pituitary gland, which stimulates uterine contractions.

Option A (Proliferation of endometrium wall) is correct because the follicular phase is characterized by the growth and thickening of the endometrium.

Option A is correct because a human zygote is totipotent, meaning it has the potential to develop into any cell type in the body.

Option C (16) is correct because a primary spermatocyte with 2n=16 undergoing meiosis I has 16 chromosomes, each with two chromatids (32 chromatids total). After meiosis I, each secondary spermatocyte receives half the number of chromosomes (n=8), but each chromosome still consists of two chromatids, resulting in 16 chromatids per secondary spermatocyte.

Option B (Hymen) is correct because the presence or absence of an intact hymen is not a reliable indicator of virginity or sexual experience.

Option B (Oxytocin) is correct because oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions, which helps in inducing labor and delivery.