Formation of those substances which have some role in the body

Removal of such substances which have never been part of the body

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NEET • BIOLOGY • EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION

Excretory products and their elimination practice · Easy

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31 Easy

31 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Creatinine is a nitrogenous waste, formed during
muscular activity. If ‘X’ amount of creatinine is
present in blood but its amount in urine is greater
than X. Which of the steps of urine formation
does it undergo?

(a) Ultrafiltration

(b) Selective reabsorption

(c) Tubular secretion

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Both (a) & (c)

Option C (Both (a) & (c)) is correct because creatinine is filtered out of the blood during ultrafiltration and is also secreted into the tubules, resulting in a higher concentration in urine than in blood.

32 Easy

32 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

Green glands present in some arthropods help in

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Excretion

Option B (Excretion) is correct because green glands in arthropods are specialized for removing metabolic waste products from the hemolymph.

33 Easy

33 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Select the right option

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Nitrogenous excretory products are synthesised in liver eliminated by kidney

Option D (Nitrogenous excretory products are synthesised in liver eliminated by kidney) is correct because the liver synthesizes urea, the primary nitrogenous waste, which is then transported to the kidneys for excretion.

34 Easy

34 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

How many layers do filtration membrane consist of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Option C (3) is correct because the filtration membrane consists of three layers: the glomerular capillary endothelium, the basement membrane, and the podocytes of Bowman's capsule.

35 Easy

35 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Excretion means

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Removal of useless, toxic and harmful substances formed due to various metabolic activities.

Option C (Removal of useless, toxic and harmful substances formed due to various metabolic activities) is correct because excretion is specifically the removal of metabolic waste products.

36 Easy

36 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

ADH is also called

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Vasopressin

Option A (Vasopressin) is correct because ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) is also known as Vasopressin.

37 Easy

37 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

Malpighian tubules are the excretory structures of

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Correct option: A

Insects

Option A (Insects) is correct because Malpighian tubules are the primary excretory organs in insects.

38 Easy

38 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Urine produced (1 to 1.5 L) per day is far less than the volume of filtrate occur per day (180 L)
Reason: 99% of filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion

Option A is correct because both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains why the urine volume is much less than the filtrate volume.

39 Easy

39 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

Polyuria is a condition in which

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Amount of urine pass out is more

Option A is correct because polyuria is defined as the excessive production and excretion of urine.

40 Easy

40 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

Green glands are excretory organs of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

crustacea

Option B (crustacea) is correct because green glands are the excretory organs found in crustaceans.

41 Easy

41 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

The function of Henle’s loop is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Conservation of water

Option C (Conservation of water) is correct because the primary function of Henle's loop is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney, which allows for the reabsorption of water from the filtrate.

42 Easy

42 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

With decrease in blood pressure and blood volume the release of ________ is suppressed. Choose the option which fills the blank correctly

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

ANF

The correct answer is C (ANF) because Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANF) is released in response to increased blood pressure and volume, so its release is suppressed when blood pressure and volume decrease.

43 Easy

43 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Statement I: Reabsorption of water occurs actively in the initial segment of nephron.
Statement II: Tubular secretions help to maintain ionic and acid-base balance of body fluids.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Statement II is correct but statement I is incorrect.

Option D is correct because reabsorption of water is mostly passive in the initial segment (PCT), and tubular secretions do help maintain ionic and acid-base balance.

44 Easy

44 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

A fall in the GFR rate activates the

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

JG cells to release renin

Option A (JG cells to release renin) is correct because a fall in GFR triggers the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells to release renin, initiating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).

45 Easy

45 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) is the amount of filtrate formed by the kidney per

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Minute

Option C (Minute) is correct because Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is defined as the volume of filtrate formed per minute.

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46 Easy

46 of 105

Analyzing +4 | -1

Select the incorrect statements from the following

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Kidneys play a significant role in the removal of ammonia directly

Option D is correct because kidneys primarily remove urea, uric acid, and other wastes, but not significant amounts of ammonia directly.

47 Easy

47 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

On an average, the amount of urea excreted out per day is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

25 – 30 gm

Option B is correct because the average amount of urea excreted per day is 25-30 grams.

48 Easy

48 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

Erythropoietin is secreted from

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Kidney

Option D (Kidney) is correct because erythropoietin is primarily secreted by the kidneys in response to hypoxia.

49 Easy

49 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

In which part of nephron, reabsorption is minimum from filtrate?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Collecting duct

Option A is correct because the collecting duct is primarily involved in the final adjustments of water reabsorption, making the reabsorption minimum compared to the PCT, DCT, and loop of Henle.

50 Easy

50 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following sets of animals are uricotelic?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Crow, snake, cockroach and lizard

Option C (Crow, snake, cockroach and lizard) is correct because these animals excrete uric acid as their primary nitrogenous waste.

51 Easy

51 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

Which one is related to urine concentration in mammals?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Antidiuretic hormone

Option B (Antidiuretic hormone) is correct because ADH regulates water reabsorption and thus urine concentration.

52 Easy

52 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

Gout is a condition in which

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

High level of uric acid in blood is found

Option C is correct because gout is caused by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood, leading to the formation of urate crystals in joints.

53 Easy

53 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

Our lungs release

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

18 L of

C{O_2}

every day

Option B (18 L of

C{O_2}

every day) is correct because the lungs eliminate approximately 18 liters of carbon dioxide daily.

54 Easy

54 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Micturition in human is completely an endocrine mechanism
Reason: Micturition reflex is endocrine reflex completely

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

If both the assertion and reason are false

Option D is correct because both the assertion (Micturition in human is completely an endocrine mechanism) and the reason (Micturition reflex is endocrine reflex completely) are false. Micturition is primarily a neural reflex, not endocrine.

55 Easy

55 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

I. Ureter ,II. Renal pelvis, III. Calyx, IV. Urinary bladder, V. Urethra. Choose the correct sequence of urine route to outside

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

III→II→I→IV→V

Option D (III→II→I→IV→V) is correct because the correct sequence of urine flow is from the calyx to the renal pelvis, then to the ureter, urinary bladder, and finally the urethra.

56 Easy

56 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Indication of diabetes mellitus is/are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Both (a) and (b)

Option D is correct because diabetes mellitus is indicated by both the presence of glucose and ketone bodies in the urine.

57 Easy

57 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

The average quality of urea excreted in urine by man per day is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

25-30 g

Option B is correct because the average amount of urea excreted in urine by a human per day is 25-30g.

58 Easy

58 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

Facultative water reabsorption is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Reabsorption of water in DCT and CT through ADH

Option C is correct because facultative water reabsorption, regulated by ADH, occurs in the DCT and collecting tubules to adjust urine concentration based on the body's hydration status.

59 Easy

59 of 105

Understanding +4 | -1

A fall in GFR activate …A… to release …B…, which converts angiotensinogen in blood to …C… and further to …D… Choose the correct option for A, B, C, D from given options

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

A-JG cells, B-renin, C-angiotensin-I, D-angiotensin-II

The correct answer is A (A-JG cells, B-renin, C-angiotensin-I, D-angiotensin-II) because this sequence accurately describes the RAAS pathway initiated by a fall in GFR.

60 Easy

60 of 105

Remembering +4 | -1

pH of urine (average pH) is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Option D is correct because the average pH of urine is 6, which is slightly acidic.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

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