Hypotonic to blood and isotonic in medullarly fluid

Isotonic to blood and hypotonic to medullarly fluid

Isotonic to blood and hypertonic to medullarly fluid

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NEET • BIOLOGY • EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION

Excretory products and their elimination practice · Mixed difficulty

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Showing 181-210 of 269 questions

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181 Medium

181 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Comparative to uric acid, urea is a more toxic excretory substance.

Reason: Birds and insects are uricotelic animals.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

Option B is correct because both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion. Urea is more toxic than uric acid, and birds/insects are uricotelic, but these facts are not directly related.

182 Medium

182 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Counter current mechanism helps to maintain a concentration gradient. This gradient help in

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Easy passage of water from collecting tubule to interstitial fluid and thereby concentrating urine

Option B (Easy passage of water from collecting tubule to interstitial fluid and thereby concentrating urine) is correct because the concentration gradient created by the counter-current mechanism allows water to move out of the collecting tubule into the hypertonic medullary interstitium, concentrating the urine.

183 Medium

183 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one is mismatched?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

DCT-Absorption of glucose

The correct answer is C (DCT-Absorption of glucose) because glucose is primarily reabsorbed in the PCT (proximal convoluted tubule), not the DCT (distal convoluted tubule).

184 Medium

184 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Select the incorrect statement.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

As the filtrate passes through the ascending limb, sodium is transported passively in the
ascending thick segment.

Option D is the incorrect statement because sodium is actively transported in the ascending thick segment of the loop of Henle.

185 Hard

185 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following four secretions is correctly matched with its source, target and nature of action?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Secretion : Atrial Natriuretic Factor , Source : Sino Atrial Node M-cells of atria, Target: Juxtaglomeru-lar apparatus , Action: Inhibition of release of renin

Option D (Secretion : Atrial Natriuretic Factor , Source : Sino Atrial Node M-cells of atria, Target: Juxtaglomeru-lar apparatus , Action: Inhibition of release of renin) is correct because ANF, produced by the heart, inhibits renin release from the kidneys.

186 Medium

186 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Maximum water re-absorption is seen in distal convoluted tubule of nephron in the absence of antidiuretic hormone.
Reason: ADH from the posterior pituitary enhances uptake of

{Na}^{+}

in DCT.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Both Assertion and Reason are false.

Option D is correct because both the assertion and the reason are incorrect regarding water reabsorption in the DCT and the role of ADH.

187 Medium

187 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Vasopressin released from the neurohypophysis is mainly responsible for

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Correct option: C

Facultative reabsorption of water through DCT

Option C (Facultative reabsorption of water through DCT) is correct because vasopressin (ADH) acts on the DCT and collecting duct to increase water reabsorption based on the body's needs.

188 Easy

188 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Choose the correct option from given options in reference to haemodialysis : I. Blood pumped back to suitable artery,  II. Heparin is used after haemodialysis,  III. Nitrogenous waste are removed by active transport,  IV. The dialysis unit has coiled cellophane tube,  V. Blood is pumped into dialysing unit from the artery . The correct option is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

IV and V

Option D (IV and V) is correct because haemodialysis involves a dialysis unit with a coiled cellophane tube and blood being pumped into the dialysing unit from an artery.

189 Easy

189 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Largest gland of our body is

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Correct option: C

Liver

Option C (Liver) is correct because the liver is the largest gland in the human body.

190 Easy

190 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

The osmolarity of the glomerular filtrate in distal convoluted tubule of nephron is around

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

200\mathrm{ }mOsmol\mathrm{ }{L^{ - 1}}

Option B is correct because the osmolarity of the glomerular filtrate in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is around 200 mOsmol/L after dilution in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.

191 Medium

191 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Reabsorption of glucose occurs in ….. of the nephron

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

PCT

The correct answer is B (PCT) because the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is the primary site for glucose reabsorption in the nephron.

192 Easy

192 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

What happens in micturition?

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Correct option: D

All of the above

Option D (All of the above) is correct because micturition involves contraction of bladder muscles, relaxation of the urethral sphincter, and release of urine.

193 Medium

193 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

The urine is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Hypertonic to blood and isotonic to medullarly fluid

Option B (Hypertonic to blood and isotonic to medullarly fluid) is correct because urine is more concentrated than blood and its concentration is similar to the medullary fluid.

194 Hard

194 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Human kidneys can produce urine nearly two times concentrated than the initial filtrate formed.

Reason (R): Counter current mechanism doesn’t help to maintain a concentration gradient in the medullary interstitium.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Assertion (A) is false, and Reason (R) is true

Option C (Assertion (A) is true, and Reason (R) is false) is correct because human kidneys can produce urine about four times concentrated than the initial filtrate, but the countercurrent mechanism *does* help maintain the concentration gradient.

195 Hard

195 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

A patient who excretes large quantity of sodium in urine has

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Diseased adrenal cortex

Option B (Diseased adrenal cortex) is correct because the adrenal cortex produces aldosterone, which regulates sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. Damage to the adrenal cortex can lead to excessive sodium excretion in the urine.

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196 Hard

196 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

In which of the following options minimum content of urea is present?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Renal vein

Option C is correct because the renal vein carries blood away from the kidneys after urea has been filtered out, resulting in the lowest urea concentration.

197 Easy

197 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Dialytic fluid/solution is iso-osmotic to blood plasma
Reason (R): The fluid used during dialysis procedure contains urea, glucose and ions.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

If A is false, but R is true

Option D is correct. Dialytic fluid is iso-osmotic to blood plasma is false, and the fluid used during dialysis contains urea, glucose, and ions is true.

198 Hard

198 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

What is most likely the cause of albumin appearing in urine?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Damage to the Malpighian corpuscles

Option C (Damage to the Malpighian corpuscles) is correct because the Malpighian corpuscles (glomeruli) are responsible for filtering blood, and damage to them can allow albumin (a protein) to pass into the urine.

199 Easy

199 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Choose the mismatched part of nephron with their function

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

DCT – Reabsorption of glucose

Option C is correct because the DCT primarily reabsorbs sodium, chloride, and water (under the influence of ADH), not glucose. Glucose reabsorption occurs in the PCT.

200 Medium

200 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Haemodialysis helps in patient having

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Uremia

Option B (Uremia) is correct because haemodialysis is a treatment used to remove excess urea and other waste products from the blood of patients with uremia.

201 Medium

201 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A): If Henle Loop is absent, urine will be more concentrated.

Reason (R): Descending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Both A and R are wrong

Option D (Both A and R are wrong) is correct because if the Henle Loop is absent, urine will be *less* concentrated, and the descending limb *is* permeable to water.

202 Easy

202 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

During urine formation in nephrons, renal filtrate in Henle’s loop is without

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Glucose

Option B is correct because glucose is normally completely reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and is therefore absent in the filtrate within the loop of Henle.

203 Easy

203 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Most of the secretory product of liver ultimately pass out along with

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Digestive wastes

Option B (Digestive wastes) is correct because the liver's secretory products, including bile, are released into the digestive system and ultimately excreted with feces.

204 Medium

204 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Choose the correct statements

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of the above

Option D (All of the above) is correct because sebaceous glands secrete sterols, hydrocarbons, and waxes for skin protection, and small amounts of nitrogenous wastes are indeed eliminated through saliva.

205 Medium

205 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

The Ascending limb of Henle’s loop is permeable to A while descending limb is permeable to B

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

A – Nacl, B – Water

Option B (A – Nacl, B – Water) is correct because the ascending limb of Henle's loop is permeable to NaCl, while the descending limb is permeable to water.

206 Easy

206 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Select the correct match with respect to nephron in human kidney.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Podocytes - Create minute spaces (slit pore) for the filtration of blood into the lumen of Bowmann's capsule

Option D (Podocytes - Create minute spaces (slit pore) for the filtration of blood into the lumen of Bowmann's capsule) is correct because podocytes are specialized cells in Bowman's capsule that have filtration slits allowing for the passage of small molecules into the filtrate.

207 Easy

207 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Medullary gradient is mainly developed due to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

NaCl and urea

Option A (NaCl and urea) is correct because NaCl and urea are the primary solutes contributing to the medullary gradient.

208 Medium

208 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Composition of urine :  I. Water …A%,  II. Urea …B%,  III. Uric acid …C%,  IV. Salt …D%.  Choose the right options for A, B, C and D from given options

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

A-95; B-2.6; C-0.3; D-1.5

Option B is correct because the approximate composition of urine is: Water (95%), Urea (2.6%), Uric acid (0.3%), and Salts (1.5%).

209 Easy

209 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Glomerulus is formed by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Branch from renal artery

Option C (Branch from renal artery) is correct because the glomerulus is a network of capillaries formed from the afferent arteriole, which is a branch of the renal artery.

210 Hard

210 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

In man, in which part of the uriniferous tubule reabsorption of glucose occurs?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Proximal convoluted tubule

Option D (Proximal convoluted tubule) is correct because the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is the primary site for reabsorption of glucose in the nephron.

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Excretory products and their elimination practice · Mixed difficulty

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