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NEET • BIOLOGY • EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION

Excretory products and their elimination practice · Mixed difficulty

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Showing 121-150 of 269 questions

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121 Easy

121 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Which one is related to urine concentration in mammals?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Antidiuretic hormone

Option B (Antidiuretic hormone) is correct because ADH regulates water reabsorption and thus urine concentration.

122 Medium

122 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Read the following statements

a. Glucose is partially absorbed in the PCT.

b. ADH helps in diluting the urine by acting on DCT and collecting ducts

c. In cortical nephrons, vasa recta are absent or highly reduced.

d. In a healthy person, 180 litre glomerular filtrate is formed per day by the kidney.

Which statements are incorrect w.r.t. a healthy adult human?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

a and b only

Option B (a and b only) is correct because glucose is completely reabsorbed in the PCT, and ADH concentrates urine, not dilutes it.

123 Hard

123 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Urine formed by nephornes is ultimately carried to …A… where it is stored till a voluntary signal is given by the …B… . This signal is initiated by …C… of urinary bladder as it gets filled with urine. Choose the correct option for A, B and C to complete the given NCERT statement

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

A-urinary bladder, B-CNS, C-stretching

Option B is correct because urine is stored in the urinary bladder until a signal from the CNS is triggered by the stretching of the bladder walls.

124 Easy

124 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Gout is a condition in which

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

High level of uric acid in blood is found

Option C is correct because gout is caused by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood, leading to the formation of urate crystals in joints.

125 Medium

125 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Bowman’s capsule is found around

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Malpighian capsule

Option D (Malpighian capsule) is correct because Bowman's capsule is part of the Malpighian body (or renal corpuscle), which also includes the glomerulus.

126 Easy

126 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Our lungs release

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

18 L of

C{O_2}

every day

Option B (18 L of

C{O_2}

every day) is correct because the lungs eliminate approximately 18 liters of carbon dioxide daily.

127 Medium

127 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

If you take large amount of protein then you will likely to excrete large amount of the

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Urea

Option B (Urea) is correct because excess protein intake leads to increased urea production in the liver.

128 Medium

128 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Blood leaving liver and going towards heart is rich in

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Urea

Option B (Urea) is correct because the liver converts ammonia into urea, which is then released into the blood leaving the liver.

129 Medium

129 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Choose the correct option with respect to the maximum urea level

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Hepatic vein

Option B (Hepatic vein) is correct because the hepatic vein carries blood away from the liver after urea synthesis, resulting in the highest urea concentration.

130 Medium

130 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Counter check on RAAS is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

ANF

Option B (ANF) is correct because ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor) acts as a counter-regulatory mechanism to the RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System).

131 Hard

131 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Following are the steps of dialysis.

(a) Blood is passed into a vein.

(b) Blood is mixed with heparin.

(c) Blood is mixed with anti-heparin.

(d) Blood is drained from convenient artery.

(e) Blood is passed through a coiled and porous cellophane tube bathing in dialysing fluid.

(f) Removal of nitrogenous wastes from blood.

Their correct order is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

(d) → (b) → (e) → (f) → (c) → (a)

Option B ((d) → (b) → (e) → (f) → (c) → (a)) is correct because it represents the correct sequence of steps in dialysis, starting with draining blood from an artery and ending with returning it to a vein.

132 Medium

132 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Choose the correct ones: I. Vasa recta is lacking in cortical nephrons, II. Maximum number of nephrons in kidney are juxta-medullary type, III. DCT of many nephorns open into collecting tubule, IV. During summer when body loses lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed, V. When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed, VI. Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release, VII. An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates formation of angiotensin II. The correct option is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All except II and VI

Option D is correct because statements II and VI are incorrect. Maximum nephrons are cortical, and cold temperature stimulates ADH release.

133 Easy

133 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Micturition in human is completely an endocrine mechanism
Reason: Micturition reflex is endocrine reflex completely

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

If both the assertion and reason are false

Option D is correct because both the assertion (Micturition in human is completely an endocrine mechanism) and the reason (Micturition reflex is endocrine reflex completely) are false. Micturition is primarily a neural reflex, not endocrine.

134 Hard

134 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Given below are two statements : one is labelled
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason
(R).

Assertion (A): Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I and
further to angiotensin II which increase G.F.R.

Reason (R): Anigotensin II, Increase the glomerular blood pressure
and also activate the adrenal medulla to release
aldosterone and there by G.F.R.

Choose the correct answer from the options given
below:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

(A) is correct but (R) is not correct

(A) is correct but (R) is not correct. Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I and further to angiotensin II, which increases GFR, but the reason incorrectly states that Angiotensin II activates the adrenal medulla.

135 Easy

135 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

I. Ureter ,II. Renal pelvis, III. Calyx, IV. Urinary bladder, V. Urethra. Choose the correct sequence of urine route to outside

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

III→II→I→IV→V

Option D (III→II→I→IV→V) is correct because the correct sequence of urine flow is from the calyx to the renal pelvis, then to the ureter, urinary bladder, and finally the urethra.

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136 Medium

136 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Columns of Bertini in Kidney are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Extensions of cortex in between the medullary pyramids

Option C (Extensions of cortex in between the medullary pyramids) is correct because Columns of Bertin are extensions of the renal cortex that extend between the medullary pyramids.

137 Medium

137 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Medullary interstial fluids are highly concentrated
Reason: Water reabsorbed from descending limb of Henle’s loop enters into the vasa recta

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

A and R are correct, but R is not correct explanation for A

Option B (A and R are correct, but R is not correct explanation for A) is correct because both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason doesn't directly explain why the medullary interstitial fluid is highly concentrated. The concentration gradient is primarily established by the countercurrent multiplier system involving the loop of Henle and vasa recta.

138 Easy

138 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Indication of diabetes mellitus is/are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Both (a) and (b)

Option D is correct because diabetes mellitus is indicated by both the presence of glucose and ketone bodies in the urine.

139 Medium

139 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Characteristics common in frog and human are:  I. Internal fertilisation,  II. Nucleated RBC,  III. Four chamber heart,  IV. Ureotelic excretion,  V. Lungs are organ of respiration.  The correct option is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Only IV

Option D (Only IV) is correct because both frogs and humans excrete urea (ureotelic excretion).

140 Easy

140 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

The average quality of urea excreted in urine by man per day is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

25-30 g

Option B is correct because the average amount of urea excreted in urine by a human per day is 25-30g.

141 Medium

141 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Presence of glucose and ketone bodies in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus
Reason: Malfunctioning of kidney can lead to accumulation of urea in blood a condition called uraemia.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion

Option B is correct. Both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion. Glucose and ketone bodies in urine indicate diabetes, and kidney malfunction leads to uremia, but they are separate issues.

142 Easy

142 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Facultative water reabsorption is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Reabsorption of water in DCT and CT through ADH

Option C is correct because facultative water reabsorption, regulated by ADH, occurs in the DCT and collecting tubules to adjust urine concentration based on the body's hydration status.

143 Easy

143 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

A fall in GFR activate …A… to release …B…, which converts angiotensinogen in blood to …C… and further to …D… Choose the correct option for A, B, C, D from given options

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

A-JG cells, B-renin, C-angiotensin-I, D-angiotensin-II

The correct answer is A (A-JG cells, B-renin, C-angiotensin-I, D-angiotensin-II) because this sequence accurately describes the RAAS pathway initiated by a fall in GFR.

144 Medium

144 of 269

Analyzing +4 | -1

Choose the incorrect statement.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Patients suffering from glomerulonephritis will show low GFR

Option B is the incorrect statement. Patients suffering from glomerulonephritis will show *low* GFR is actually a *correct* statement. Glomerulonephritis damages the glomeruli, reducing their filtering capacity and thus lowering GFR.

145 Medium

145 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following groups of structures/organs have similar function?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Nephridia in earthworm, Malpighian tubules in cockroach and uriniferous tubules in rat

Option B is correct because nephridia, Malpighian tubules, and uriniferous tubules all function in excretion.

146 Easy

146 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

pH of urine (average pH) is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Option D is correct because the average pH of urine is 6, which is slightly acidic.

147 Hard

147 of 269

Remembering +4 | -1

Which part of the nephron is situated in the cortex completely?

(a) Malpighian corpuscle

(b) Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

(c) Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

(d) Loop of Henle

(e) Collecting duct

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

(a), (b) and (c)

Option A ((a), (b) and (c)) is correct because the Malpighian corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), and distal convoluted tubule (DCT) are all located entirely within the cortex of the kidney.

148 Medium

148 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Functions of ADH:  I. reabsorption of water from distal tubules,  II. secretion of water from distal tubules,  III. constriction of blood vessels,  IV. dilatation of blood vessels , V. increase the blood flow,  VI. decrease the blood flow.   Choose the correct combination of given functions from given option

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

I, III and V

Option C (I, III and V) is correct because ADH promotes water reabsorption from distal tubules, constricts blood vessels, and increases blood flow.

149 Easy

149 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

Read the following statements and choose the option which states them as true (T) or false (F):  a) Glomerular filtrate has almost the same composition as that of plasma except the proteins,  b) Glucose is completely reabsorbed in PCT part of nephron , c) ADH acts on PCT

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

a-T,b-T,c-F

Option B (a-T, b-T, c-F) is correct because glomerular filtrate is similar to plasma without proteins, glucose is completely reabsorbed in the PCT, and ADH acts on the DCT and collecting duct, not the PCT.

150 Medium

150 of 269

Understanding +4 | -1

The process of excretion is the

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Removal of metabolic waste from the body

Option B is correct because excretion is specifically the removal of metabolic waste products from the body, not just any substance.

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Review EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

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