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JEE • CHEMISTRY • Equilibrium

Equilibrium practice · Mixed difficulty

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301 Easy
301 of 680
Understanding +4 | -1
The conjugate acid of HCO3−HCO_3^ - is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
H2CO3{H_2}C{O_3}
Option C (H2CO3{H_2}C{O_3}) is correct because the conjugate acid of a base is formed by adding a proton (H+H^+) to the base, so adding H+H^+ to HCO3−HCO_3^ - gives H2CO3{H_2}C{O_3}.
302 Medium
302 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
Statement I: In the dissociation of PCl5\mathrm{PCl}_5 at constant pressure and temperature addition of helium at equilibrium increases the dissociation of PCl5\mathrm{PCl}_5.

Statement II : Helium removes Cl2\mathrm{Cl}_2 from the field of action.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect
Option C is correct because adding an inert gas like helium at constant pressure increases the volume, shifting the equilibrium towards more gaseous moles (dissociation of PCl5\mathrm{PCl}_5), but helium doesn't remove Cl2\mathrm{Cl}_2.
303 Hard
303 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
1 mol1 \mathrm{~mol} of N2{N}_2 and 4 mol4 \mathrm{~mol} of H2{H}_2 are allowed to react in a vessel to form NH3{NH}_3 gas as only product and after reaction, water is added. Aqueous solution required 1 mol1 \mathrm{~mol} of HCl{HCl} for complete reaction. Mol fraction of H2{H}_2 in the gas mixture after reaction is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
5/65 / 6
Option B (5/6) is correct because after the reaction, 0.5 moles of N2N_2 and 2.5 moles of H2H_2 remain, with NH3NH_3 dissolving in water, so the mole fraction of H2H_2 is 2.5 / (0.5 + 2.5) = 5/6.
304 Easy
304 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
Select the anion which is the weakest conjugate base:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
ClO4−\mathrm{ClO}_4^{-}
Option A is correct because the weakest conjugate base corresponds to the strongest acid, and HClO4 is the strongest acid among the given options.
305 Medium
305 of 680
Understanding +4 | -1
Which of the following affects the value of equilibrium constant?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Change in temperature
Option B is correct because the equilibrium constant is temperature-dependent, as described by the van't Hoff equation.
306 Hard
306 of 680
Application +4 | -1
The solids dissociate as follows: A(s) ⇋ B(g)+C(g);  KP1=x   atm2A\left( s \right)\,\leftrightharpoons\,B\left( g \right) + C\left( g \right);\,\,{K_{{P_1}}} = x\,\,\,\mathrm{at}{\mathrm{m}^2}
D(s) ⇋ C(g)+E(g);  KP2=y   atm2D\left( s \right)\,\leftrightharpoons\,C\left( g \right) + E\left( g \right);\,\,{K_{{P_2}}} = y\,\,\,\mathrm{at}{\mathrm{m}^2} The total pressure when both the solids dissociate simultaneously is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
2(x+y) atm2\left( {\sqrt {x + y} } \right)\mathrm{ \,atm}
Option D (2(x+y)atm2(\sqrt {x + y} )\mathrm{ atm}) is correct because it represents the total pressure derived from the equilibrium constants of the two dissociation reactions.
307 Hard
307 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
K1,K2K_1, K_2 and K3K_3 are the equilibrium constants of the following reactions (I), (II) and (III) respectively:

(I) N2+2O2⇌2NO2{N}_2+2 {O}_2 \rightleftharpoons 2 {NO}_2

(II) 2NO2⇌N2+2O22 {NO}_2 \rightleftharpoons {N}_2+2 {O}_2

(III) NO2⇌12 N2+O2{NO}_2 \rightleftharpoons \frac{1}{2} {~N}_2+{O}_2

The correct relation from the following is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
K1=1K2=1(K3)2K_1=\frac{1}{K_2}=\frac{1}{\left(K_3\right)^2}
Option B (K1=1K2=1(K3)2K_1=\frac{1}{K_2}=\frac{1}{\left(K_3\right)^2}) is correct because the equilibrium constants are related by the stoichiometry of the reactions.
308 Medium
308 of 680
Application +4 | -1
What will be the resultant pH\mathrm{pH} when 200 ml200 \mathrm{~ml} of an aqueous solution of HCl(pH=2.0){HCl}(\mathrm{pH}=2.0) is mixed with 300 ml300 \mathrm{~ml} of an aqueous solution of NaOH{NaOH} (pH=12.0)?(\mathrm{pH}=12.0)?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
11.3
Option D (2.48) is correct because the pH is calculated by averaging the hydrogen ion concentrations and then taking the negative logarithm.
309 Hard
309 of 680
Application +4 | -1
Calculate the pH and degree of hydrolysis of 0.01 M0.01 \mathrm{~M} solution of NaCN,Ka\mathrm{NaCN}, \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}} for HCN\mathrm{HCN} is 6.2×10−12.6.2 \times 10^{-12}.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
11.6;4×10−111.6; 4 \times 10^{-1}
Option A (11.6; 4 × 10-1) is correct because it accurately calculates the pH and degree of hydrolysis for a solution of NaCN, considering its hydrolysis in water.
310 Medium
310 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
Assertion (A): pH of x M HClx \mathrm{~M~HCl} is less than pH of x M CH3COOH.x \mathrm{~M} \mathrm{~CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH}.

Reason (R): The degree of ionization of HCl and CH3COOH\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COOH} are equal at infinite dilution.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
Option B (Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because while both statements are true, the reason doesn't explain why HCl has a lower pH than acetic acid.
311 Easy
311 of 680
Application +4 | -1
At 90∘C90^\circ C, pure water has [H+]=10−6\left[ {{\mathrm{H}^ + }} \right] = {10^{ - 6}} M, if 100  mL100\;mL of 0.2  M    HCl0.2\;M\;\;HCl is added to 200 mL of 0.1  M  KOH0.1\;M\mathrm{ }\;KOH at 90∘C90^\circ C then pH of the resulting solution will be
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
6
Option D (6) is correct because at 90∘C90^{\circ}C, pure water is neutral with [H+]=10−6[H^+] = 10^{-6} M, and the addition of equal equivalents of HCl and KOH results in a neutral solution.
312 Medium
312 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
The correct order of increasing [H3O+]\left[ {{\mathrm{H}_3}{\mathrm{O}^ + }} \right] in the following aqueous solutions is:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
0.01  M  NaNO2<0.01  M  NaCl<0.01  M  H2S<0.01  M  H2SO40.01\;M\;\mathrm{NaN}{\mathrm{O}_2} < 0.01\;M\;\mathrm{NaCl} < 0.01\;M\;{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{S} < 0.01\;M\;{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{O}_4}
Option C (0.01  M  NaNO2<0.01  M  NaCl<0.01  M  H2S<0.01  M  H2SO40.01\;M\;\mathrm{NaN}{\mathrm{O}_2} < 0.01\;M\;\mathrm{NaCl} < 0.01\;M\;{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{S} < 0.01\;M\;{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{O}_4}) is correct because it correctly orders the solutions from lowest to highest hydronium ion concentration based on their acidic/basic properties.
313 Medium
313 of 680
Application +4 | -1
For the following gaseous equilibria X,Y\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{Y} and Z\mathrm{Z} at 300 K300 \mathrm{~K}

X:2SO2+O2⇌SO3\mathrm{X}: 2{SO}_2+{O}_2 \rightleftharpoons {SO}_3

Y:PCl5⇌PCl3+Cl2Z:2HI⇌H2+I2\begin{aligned} & \text {Y}: {PCl}_5 \rightleftharpoons {PCl}_3+{Cl}_2 \\ & \mathrm{Z}: 2 {HI} \rightleftharpoons {H}_2+{I}_2 \end{aligned}

ratio of KpK_p and KCK_C in the increasing order is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
X<Z<Y\mathrm{X} < \mathrm{Z} < \mathrm{Y}
Option C (X<Z<Y\mathrm{X} < \mathrm{Z} < \mathrm{Y}) is correct because it correctly orders the ratio of KpK_p to KCK_C based on the change in the number of moles of gas (Δng\Delta n_g) for each reaction.
314 Medium
314 of 680
Understanding +4 | -1
Assertion (A): Higher order ionisation constant (Ka2,Ka3)\left(K_{a_2}, K_{a_3}\right) are smaller than the lower order ionisation constant (Ka1)\left(K_{a_1}\right) of a polyprotic acid.

Reason (R): It is more difficult to remove a positively charged proton from a negative ion due to Coulombic forces.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
A\mathrm{A} is correct; R\mathrm{R} is incorrect
Option D (A is incorrect; R is correct) is correct because the assertion is incorrect. Higher order ionization constants are smaller due to increased difficulty in removing a proton from a negatively charged species, which is correctly stated in the reason.
315 Medium
315 of 680
Understanding +4 | -1
(A): Water acts as leveling solvent for various acids.

(R): Levelling effect of water is due to its high dielectric constant and strong proton accepting tendency.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
Option A (Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)) is correct because water's high dielectric constant and proton-accepting ability contribute to its leveling effect on acids.
316 Medium
316 of 680
Remembering +4 | -1
Nucleophiles are:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Lewis bases
Option B (Lewis bases) is correct because nucleophiles are electron-rich species that donate electron pairs, which is the definition of a Lewis base.
317 Medium
317 of 680
Application +4 | -1
The pH\mathrm{pH} of 10−8M  HCl{10^{ - 8}}\mathrm{M\; HCl} solution is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Between 6 and 7
Option C (Between 6 and 7) is correct because the pH of a very dilute HCl solution (10-8 M) is influenced by the autoionization of water, resulting in a pH slightly less than 7.
318 Medium
318 of 680
Remembering +4 | -1
In the problem 13, the dissociation constant of acid is :
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
1.02×10−41.02 \times {10^{ - 4}}
Option B (1.02×10−41.02 \times {10^{ - 4}}) is correct because the dissociation constant KaK_a for a weak acid can be calculated using the formula Ka=cα2K_a = c\alpha^2, where c is the concentration and α\alpha is the degree of dissociation.
319 Medium
319 of 680
Application +4 | -1
CuSO4⋅5H2O(s)⇌CuSO4⋅3H2O(s)+2H2O(g),KP\mathrm{CuSO}_4 \cdot 5 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CuSO}_4 \cdot 3 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s})+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g}), K_{\mathrm{P}} for this equilibrium is 1.0×10−4 atm21.0 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~atm}^2 at 25∘C25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}. What is the maximum pressure of water vapour (moisture) in the atmosphere, below which the pentahydrate is efflorescent?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
7.60 mm7.60 \mathrm{~mm}
Answer A (7.60 mm) is correct because the maximum pressure of water vapor is determined by the square root of the Kp value, converted to mmHg.
320 Medium
320 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
Assuming 100% ionisation which will have maximum pH
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
0.01 M( NH4)3PO40.01 \mathrm{~M}\left(\mathrm{~NH}_4\right)_3 \mathrm{PO}_4
Option C (0.01 M(NH4)3PO40.01 \mathrm{~M}\left(\mathrm{NH}_4\right)_3 \mathrm{PO}_4) will have the maximum pH because it produces the highest concentration of NH4+\mathrm{NH}_4^+ ions, leading to the greatest extent of hydrolysis and thus the lowest acidity (highest pH).
321 Hard
321 of 680
Application +4 | -1
When heated ammonium carbamate decomposes as follows

NH4COONH2(s)⇔2NH3(g)+CO2(g){NH}_4 {COONH}_2\text{(s)} \Leftrightarrow 2 {NH}_3(\mathrm{g})+{CO}_2(\mathrm{g})

At a certain temperature, the equilibrium pressure of the system is 0.318 atm,Kp0.318 \mathrm{~atm}, {K}_{{p}} for the reaction is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
4.76×10−34.76 \times 10^{-3}
Option C (4.76×10−34.76 \times 10^{-3}) is correct because it is calculated using the equilibrium pressure and the stoichiometry of the reaction to find Kp.
322 Medium
322 of 680
Understanding +4 | -1
Statement I: The solubility of gases always increases with inctease in pressure

Statement II : High prespure favours the change where volume decreases
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Statement I, II are correct
Option A (Statement I, II are correct) is correct because the solubility of gases increases with pressure (Henry's Law), and high pressure favors volume decrease (Le Chatelier's principle).
323 Medium
323 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
Assertion :- The pH of an aqueous solution of acetic acid remains unchanged on the addition of sodium acetate.

Reason :- The ionization of acetic acid is suppressed by the addition of sodium acetate.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
If both Assertion & Reason are False
The correct answer is A (v * r) because, according to Bohr's model, the product of the electron's velocity and the orbit radius is proportional to the orbit number n.
324 Medium
324 of 680
Application +4 | -1
If pKb\mathrm{pK}_{\mathrm{b}} for fluoride ion at 25∘C25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 10.83 , the ionisation constant of hydrofluoric acid in water at this temperature is:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
6.75×10−46.75 \times 10^{-4}
Option C (6.75×10−46.75 \times 10^{-4}) is correct because it uses the relationship Ka×Kb=KwK_a \times K_b = K_w to find the acid dissociation constant.
325 Medium
325 of 680
Application +4 | -1
100ml100 \mathrm{ml} solution (I) of buffer containing 0.1(M)HA0.1(\mathrm{M}) \mathrm{HA} and 0.2 (M) A−\mathrm{A}^{-}, is mixed with another solution (II) of 100ml100 \mathrm{ml} containing 0.2(M) HA and 0.3(M) A−\mathrm{A^{-}} .
After mixing what is the pH\mathrm{pH} of resulting solution?
Given pKa\mathrm{pK}_{\mathrm{a}} of HA=5\mathrm{HA}=5
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
5+log⁡5/35+\log 5 / 3
Option B (5+log⁡5/35+\log 5 / 3) is correct because it is calculated by using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation after determining the total moles of A−A^- and HA after mixing.
326 Medium
326 of 680
Application +4 | -1
The change in pH\mathrm{pH} of water when 0.01 mole of NaOH\mathrm{NaOH} are added in 10 litre water is :
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
4 units
Option C (4 units) is correct because the pH changes from 7 to 11 when 0.01 mole of NaOH is added to 10 liters of water.
327 Medium
327 of 680
Application +4 | -1
What minimum concentration of SO42−{SO}_4^{2-} is required to precipitate BaSO4{BaSO}_4 from the solution containing 1.0×10−41.0 \times 10^{-4} moles of Ba2+{Ba}^{2+} ? (Given KSPK_{S P} for BaSO4{BaSO}_4 is 4×10−104 \times 10^{-10} )
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
4×10−6M4 \times 10^{-6} {M}
Option C (4×10−6M4 \times 10^{-6} {M}) is correct because it is the minimum sulfate concentration required to reach the solubility product of barium sulfate.
328 Hard
328 of 680
Application +4 | -1
The normal vapor density of PCl5{PCl}_5 is 104.25. At 250∘C,250^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, its vapor density is 57.9. The degree of dissociation of PCl5{PCl}_5 at this temperature will be
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
80%80 \%
Option C (80%) is correct because it is calculated using the relationship between vapor density, degree of dissociation, and the number of moles.
329 Easy
329 of 680
Analyzing +4 | -1
Hydrogen and oxygen were heated together in a closed vessel. The equilibrium constant is found to decrease after 2000∘C2000^\circ C. Which is responsible for this?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
It is a property of the system, hence no reason for lower value
Option D is correct because the decrease in the equilibrium constant with increasing temperature indicates that the reaction is exothermic, and this is a property of the system.
330 Medium
330 of 680
Application +4 | -1
NH2−COONH4(s)⇌2NH3(g)+CO2(g){NH}_2-{COONH}_4({s}) \rightleftharpoons 2 {NH}_3({g})+{CO}_2({g}). Total pressure at equilibrium is equal to (Kp=4 atm3)\left({K}_{{p}}=4 \mathrm{~atm}^3\right).
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
3 atm3 \mathrm{~atm}
Option A (3 atm) is correct because it correctly calculates the total pressure at equilibrium using the given KpK_p value.
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