Thermodynamics practice · Easy

Option A (0.038) is correct because the Carnot efficiency is calculated using the temperatures of the cold and hot reservoirs in Kelvin.

Option B (Work done in isothermal process) is correct because work done is a path function, not a state function, and depends on the process (isothermal in this case).

Option B ($- \frac{{\Delta V}}{V}$) is correct because for an isothermal process, $PV = constant$, and differentiating this gives the relationship between changes in pressure and volume.

Option B (975 J) is correct because the increase in internal energy is the difference between the heat supplied and the work done by the gas, according to the first law of thermodynamics.

Option C (If assertion is true, but reason is false) is correct because the first law of thermodynamics is indeed a restatement of the principle of conservation of energy, but energy being a fundamental quantity is not the correct explanation for this.

Option A (25) is correct because the rate of increase in internal energy is the difference between the power supplied and the rate of work done by the system.

Option C (8 atmosphere) is correct because using the adiabatic process equation with γ = 3/2, the final pressure is calculated to be 8 times the initial pressure.

Option B (250 J) is correct because work done at constant pressure is calculated as the product of pressure and change in volume.

Option A ($0.098^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$) is correct because it is the temperature rise calculated from the conversion of potential energy to heat.

Option A (Water) is correct because water has a higher specific heat capacity than alcohol, glycerine, and oil.