Plant kingdom practice · Mixed difficulty

Option B (Calyptra and spore) is correct because the calyptra is derived from the gametophyte and the spore is the first cell of the gametophytic generation.

Option C (Cycas) is correct because zooidogamy, the fertilization of an egg by a motile sperm, is a characteristic feature of Cycas.

Option B (Parasitic sporophyte) is correct because bryophytes have a parasitic sporophyte (dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition), while pteridophytes have an independent sporophyte.

Option A (Liverworts) is correct because liverworts are considered more primitive than mosses and are often classified as lower bryophytes due to their simpler structure.

Option D is correct because both the assertion and the reason are incorrect. Gametophyte is dominant in haplontic life cycle, and sporophyte is absent in haplontic life cycle.

Option D (All of these) is incorrect. Option A (Rhizoids) is incorrect. Option B (Structure of plant body) is correct because liverworts and mosses have different structures of their plant bodies. Liverworts have a thalloid or leafy structure, while mosses have a more differentiated structure with stem-like and leaf-like parts.

Option D (Eucalyptus) is correct because Eucalyptus regnans is known to be the tallest flowering tree species in the world.

Option A is correct because kelps are large brown algae that form extensive underwater forests in marine environments.

Option D (Both A and R are false) is correct because flagella in green algae are of the whiplash type, and the assertion states they are tinsel type, while the reason states they are whiplash type (which is correct, but makes the reason contradictory).

Option D (Rhodophyceae) is correct because Floridean starch is the storage polysaccharide found in red algae (Rhodophyceae).

Option D (Microsporangium) is correct because the pollen sac in Cycas, where microspores develop into pollen grains, is called a microsporangium.

Option A (Cyanophyceae) is correct because heterocysts, specialized cells for nitrogen fixation, are found in cyanobacteria (Cyanophyceae).

Option A (Companion cells) is correct because companion cells are present in the phloem of angiosperms but absent in gymnosperms.

Option A (Gymnospermic wood) is correct because turpentine oil is derived from the resin of coniferous trees, which are gymnosperms.

Option A (Cellulose, Galactans, Mannans) is correct because the cell wall of algae is made up of cellulose, galactans, and mannans.

Option C (Sequoia is one of the tallest trees) is correct because Sequoia trees are known for their immense height.

Option C (Pteridophytes) is correct because they are the first plants to possess vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) and are adapted to terrestrial environments.

Option D (Bryon - Liverworts) is correct because "Bryon" refers to mosses, not liverworts. Liverworts belong to the group Hepaticae.

Option B (Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A) is correct because both the assertion and reason are true statements, but the reason does not explain the assertion.

Option D (Both A and R are false) is correct because the prothallus in ferns is heart-shaped, not club-shaped, and it does not arise from club-shaped zoosporangia.

Option B (Predominantly gametophyte with sporophyte attached to it) is correct because in mosses, the gametophyte is the dominant phase, and the sporophyte is dependent on it for nutrition.

Option D (Starch) is correct because Cycas circinalis is a source of sago starch, which is extracted from its stem.

Option A (A-sporophyte, B-haploid microspores, C-haploid megaspores) is correct. Gymnosperms have a dominant sporophyte phase and produce haploid microspores and megaspores through meiosis.

Option A (Ligule) is correct because the ligule is a small, scale-like or tongue-shaped outgrowth found on the adaxial (upper) surface of the leaf base in Selaginella.

Option C (Zoospore) is correct because zoospores are the most common type of spore produced during asexual reproduction in algae, allowing for dispersal and colonization of new habitats.

Option C (Capsule) is correct because in mosses, spores are produced within a structure called the capsule, which is part of the sporophyte generation.

Option D (Bryophytes) is correct because bryophytes are non-vascular plants that lack true roots, stems, and leaves; instead, they have rhizoids, stem-like, and leaf-like structures.

Option D (Heterocysts are found in Nostoc) is correct because Nostoc, a cyanobacterium, contains heterocysts specialized for nitrogen fixation.

Option C (Laminaria) is correct because Laminaria, a brown alga, has a plant body differentiated into holdfast, stipe, and frond.

Option B (Wolffia) is correct because Wolffia is the smallest flowering plant.