International Code for Binomial Nomenclature

International Congress of Binomial Nomenclature

Indian Congress for Botanical Nomenclature

LIVING WORLD MCQs for NEET UG BIOLOGY — Medium, Page 2

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Which one is the correct hierarchical order in Taxonomy?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Kingdom>phylum/division>class>order>family>genus>species.

Option C (Kingdom>phylum/division>class>order>family>genus>species) is correct because it represents the correct descending order of taxonomic ranks.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Kingdom>phylum/division>class>order>family>genus>species. This is the correct taxonomic hierarchy.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: The question asks for the correct hierarchical order in taxonomy.

Step 2: Recall the order of taxonomic ranks from broadest to most specific.

Step 3: The correct order is Kingdom, Phylum/Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Step 4: Therefore, the answer is Kingdom>phylum/division>class>order>family>genus>species.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Missing species.
- Option B: Missing family.
- Option D: Missing kingdom.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomic hierarchy
- Classification
- Taxonomic ranks

Memory Aids:
- King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti (Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species)

Quick Tips:
- Use mnemonics to remember the taxonomic hierarchy.

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Mule is a product of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Interspecific hybridization

Option D (Interspecific hybridization) is correct because a mule is the result of breeding between two different species (horse and donkey).

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Interspecific hybridization. A mule is a hybrid offspring of a horse and a donkey, which are different species.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Define interspecific hybridization.

Step 2: Relate the definition to the creation of a mule.

Step 3: Interspecific hybridization is the breeding of two different species. A mule is the offspring of a female horse (Equus caballus) and a male donkey (Equus asinus), hence it is a product of interspecific hybridization.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Breeding is a general term for reproduction, not specific to different species.
- Option B: Mutation is a change in DNA sequence, not a breeding process.
- Option C: Hybridization is a general term for crossing different varieties or species, but interspecific specifies different species.

Key Concepts:
- Interspecific hybridization
- Hybrid
- Species

Memory Aids:
- Mule = Horse + Donkey (different species)

Quick Tips:
- Understand the different types of breeding and hybridization.

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True species are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Reproductively isolated

Option D (Reproductively isolated) is correct because true species are reproductively isolated, meaning they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Reproductively isolated. True species are defined by their reproductive isolation.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Define the biological species concept.

Step 2: Relate the definition to the question.

Step 3: The biological species concept defines a species as a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring, and are reproductively isolated from other such groups.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Interbreeding is a characteristic of individuals within a species, not between different species.
- Option B: Sharing the same niche can occur between different species.
- Option C: Feeding on the same food can occur between different species.

Key Concepts:
- Species
- Reproductive isolation
- Biological species concept

Memory Aids:
- Species = Reproductively isolated

Quick Tips:
- Understand the different species concepts.

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Select the correct statement from the given below.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Growth is an intrinsic property of living organisms

Option B is correct because growth is an intrinsic property of all living organisms.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Growth is an intrinsic property of living organisms. This is a defining characteristic of life.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Evaluate each statement.

Step 2: Growth is an intrinsic property of living organisms. This is correct.

Step 3: The highest taxonomic category in plants is kingdom or domain, not division. Division is used instead of phylum in plants. This is incorrect.

Step 4: Royal Botanical Garden is situated in Kew, England, not Calcutta. This is incorrect.

Step 5: The metabolic processes which involve the synthesis of molecules are called anabolism, not catabolism. Catabolism is the breakdown of molecules. This is incorrect.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: The highest taxonomic category in plants is Kingdom (or Domain).
- Option C: Royal Botanical Garden is in Kew, England.
- Option D: Synthesis is anabolism, breakdown is catabolism.

Key Concepts:
- Characteristics of living organisms
- Taxonomic categories
- Metabolism
- Anabolism
- Catabolism

Memory Aids:
- Anabolism = building up; Catabolism = breaking down.

Quick Tips:
- Know the characteristics of living organisms and the taxonomic hierarchy.

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Which of the following have more characters in common ?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Class

Option B (Class) is correct because organisms within the same class share more characteristics compared to those in the same order, phylum, or family.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Class. Organisms in the same class have more characters in common than those in order, phylum, or family.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Recall the taxonomic hierarchy: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Step 2: Understand that higher taxonomic categories have more general characteristics, while lower categories have more specific characteristics.

Step 3: Class is a higher category than Order and Family, but lower than Phylum. Therefore, organisms in the same class will have more characteristics in common than those in the same order or family, but fewer than those in the same phylum.

Step 4: However, the question asks which has *more* characters in common, implying a closer relationship. Class is the best answer here because it's a broader category than Family but more specific than Phylum.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Order is a lower category than Class, so organisms in the same order have fewer characters in common.
- Option C: Phylum is a higher category than Class, so organisms in the same phylum have fewer characters in common.
- Option D: Family is a lower category than Class, so organisms in the same family have more characters in common than class, but the question is flawed. The best answer is Class as it is broader than family but more specific than phylum.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomic hierarchy
- Relationship between taxonomic categories

Memory Aids:
- Remember the order of taxonomic categories: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Quick Tips:
- Understand the hierarchical nature of taxonomic classification.

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Which of the following statements regarding universal rules of nomenclature is wrong?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Biological names are generally in Greek and written in italics

Option D (Biological names are generally in Greek and written in italics) is wrong because biological names are generally derived from Latin and written in italics.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Biological names are generally in Greek and written in italics. Biological names are derived from Latin.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: The question asks to identify the wrong statement regarding universal rules of nomenclature.

Step 2: Evaluate each statement:
- A: The first word in a biological name represents the genus (Correct).
- B: The first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter (Correct).
- C: Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten are separately underlined (Correct).
- D: Biological names are generally in Greek and written in italics (Incorrect - they are generally derived from Latin).

Step 3: The incorrect statement is that biological names are generally in Greek.

Step 4: Therefore, the answer is Biological names are generally in Greek and written in italics.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Correct statement.
- Option B: Correct statement.
- Option C: Correct statement.

Key Concepts:
- Binomial nomenclature
- Rules of nomenclature
- Latin names

Memory Aids:
- Latin names in italics

Quick Tips:
- Remember the rules for writing scientific names.

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Read the following statement and choose correct option :

(a) Dicotyledonae, monocotyledonae and mammalia represent texa at same level.

(b) Wheat family and mango family belong to same division but different order.

(c) Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae are included in order polymoniales.

(d) Higher the catagory, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other texa at same level.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

a, b, c, d correct

Option D (a, b, c, d correct) is correct because all the statements are accurate regarding taxonomic categories.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: a, b, c, d correct. All the statements are accurate regarding taxonomic categories.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Evaluate each statement.

Step 2: (a) Dicotyledonae, monocotyledonae, and mammalia represent taxa at the same level (Class) - Correct.

Step 3: (b) Wheat family and mango family belong to the same division (Angiospermae) but different order - Correct.

Step 4: (c) Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae are included in order polymoniales - Correct.

Step 5: (d) Higher the category, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same level - Correct.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Incorrect because all statements are correct.
- Option B: Incorrect because all statements are correct.
- Option C: Incorrect because all statements are correct.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomic categories
- Taxonomic hierarchy

Memory Aids:
- Remember the order of taxonomic categories: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Quick Tips:
- Understand the hierarchical nature of taxonomic classification.

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Arrange the following in ascending similar characteristic
I. Family II. Genus III. Class IV. Species

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Class < Family < Genus < Species

Option A (Class < Family < Genus < Species) is correct because it represents the correct order of increasing similarity in characteristics, with species being the most similar.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Class < Family < Genus < Species. This order reflects increasing similarity.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: The question asks to arrange taxonomic ranks in ascending order of similar characteristics.

Step 2: Recall the taxonomic hierarchy and the relative similarity of organisms within each rank.

Step 3: As you move from Class to Species, the organisms become more and more similar. Therefore, the correct order is Class < Family < Genus < Species.

Step 4: Therefore, the answer is Class < Family < Genus < Species.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option B: Incorrect order.
- Option C: Incorrect order.
- Option D: Incorrect order.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomic hierarchy
- Similarity of characteristics
- Taxonomic ranks

Memory Aids:
- Species are most similar

Quick Tips:
- Remember the relative similarity of organisms within each taxonomic rank.

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Which of the following features, cannot be regarded as defining feature of all life forms?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

The production of new individuals of same kind by the grown up individuals

Option B (The production of new individuals of same kind by the grown up individuals) is correct because reproduction is not a defining feature of all life forms as some organisms are sterile and cannot reproduce.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: The production of new individuals of same kind by the grown up individuals. Reproduction is not a defining feature because some organisms are sterile.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Consider the definitions of each feature:
A. Consciousness the most obvious and technically complicated feature: This is a defining feature, especially self-consciousness in humans.
B. The production of new individuals of same kind by the grown up individuals: This is reproduction, which is not a defining feature for all organisms.
C. Metabolic processes occurring in the body of living organisms: Metabolism is a defining feature of all living organisms.
D. Cellular organisation of the body: Cellular organization is a defining feature of all living organisms.

Step 2: Identify the feature that cannot be regarded as a defining feature: Reproduction.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Consciousness the most obvious and technically complicated feature: Consciousness is a defining feature.
- Option C: Metabolic processes occurring in the body of living organisms: Metabolism is a defining feature.
- Option D: Cellular organisation of the body: Cellular organization is a defining feature.

Key Concepts:
- Defining features of life
- Reproduction
- Metabolism
- Cellular organization
- Consciousness

Memory Aids:
- Not all living things reproduce

Quick Tips:
- Consider exceptions to the general rules.

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ICBN means

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

International Code for Botanical Nomenclature

The correct answer is D (International Code for Botanical Nomenclature) as ICBN is the standard set of rules for naming plants.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: International Code for Botanical Nomenclature. This is the full form of ICBN.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Recall the meaning of the acronym ICBN.

Step 2: ICBN stands for International Code for Botanical Nomenclature, which governs the naming of plants.

Step 3: Select the option that matches this definition.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Binomial nomenclature is a part of botanical nomenclature, but ICBN is the code governing it, not the code *for* it.
- Option B: ICBN is a code, not a congress.
- Option C: ICBN is international, not Indian.

Key Concepts:
- Botanical nomenclature
- ICBN
- Taxonomic rules

Memory Aids:
- ICBN = International Code for Botanical Nomenclature.

Quick Tips:
- Know the full forms of important acronyms in biology.

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In angiosperms floral features are commonly used for identification, why?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Reproductive parts are more conservative

Option D (Reproductive parts are more conservative) is correct because floral features, especially reproductive parts, evolve slower and are less susceptible to environmental changes, making them reliable for identification.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Reproductive parts are more conservative. Floral features, particularly reproductive structures, are less prone to variation due to environmental factors, making them reliable for taxonomic identification.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Understand the question: The question asks why floral features are used for identification in angiosperms.

Step 2: Consider the options: Evaluate each option based on its relevance to taxonomic identification.

Step 3: Analyze the correct option: Reproductive parts are more conservative, meaning they change less over time and are more stable across different environments. This makes them useful for identifying and classifying plants.

Step 4: Conclusion: The stability of reproductive parts makes them a reliable characteristic for identification.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Flower can be preserved easily: While preservation is helpful, it doesn't explain why floral features are *used* for identification in the first place. Preservation is a practical consideration, not a fundamental reason for using floral features.
- Option B: Flower are attractive to work with: Attractiveness is subjective and irrelevant to the scientific basis of taxonomic identification. It's a matter of convenience, not a reason for reliability.
- Option C: Flower have aroma and different colour: Aroma and color can be helpful but are often variable and influenced by environmental factors. They are not as reliable as the structure of reproductive parts.

Key Concepts:
- Plant taxonomy
- Floral morphology
- Conservative characters
- Angiosperm classification

Memory Aids:
- Conservative characters are stable and reliable for identification.

Quick Tips:
- Focus on the stability and reliability of features when considering taxonomic identification.

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Which two of the below given points are known as the twin
characteristics of growth?

(i) Increase in mass

(ii) Increase in number of individuals

(iii) Cellular organization

(iv) Cellular differentiation

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

(i) and (ii)

Option A ((i) and (ii)) is correct because growth is fundamentally defined by an increase in mass (i) and an increase in the number of individuals (ii).

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: A. (i) and (ii). Growth is characterized by an increase in mass and an increase in the number of individuals.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Define growth.\nGrowth is an irreversible increase in size or number of cells.

Step 2: Evaluate each statement.
(i) Increase in mass: This is a characteristic of growth.
(ii) Increase in number of individuals: This is a characteristic of growth, especially in unicellular organisms or populations.
(iii) Cellular organization: This is a characteristic of living organisms, but not specifically growth.
(iv) Cellular differentiation: This is a process of development, not specifically growth.

Step 3: Identify the twin characteristics of growth.\nIncreases in mass and increases in the number of individuals are the most fundamental characteristics.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option B: (i) and (iii) - While increase in mass is correct, cellular organization is not specifically a characteristic of growth.
- Option C: (ii) and (iii) - While increase in number of individuals is correct, cellular organization is not specifically a characteristic of growth.
- Option D: (iii) and (iv) - Cellular organization and cellular differentiation are not the primary characteristics of growth.

Key Concepts:
- Growth
- Characteristics of life

Memory Aids:
- Growth = Mass + Number.

Quick Tips:
- Focus on the fundamental characteristics of growth.

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Linnaean system of plant classification is based on

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Floral characters

Option C (Floral characters) is correct because Linnaeus's system of plant classification primarily used floral characters.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Floral characters. Linnaeus's system used floral characters.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: The question asks about the basis of Linnaeus's system of plant classification.

Step 2: Recall the characteristics used by Linnaeus in his classification system.

Step 3: Linnaeus primarily used floral characters (number, arrangement, etc.) in his system.

Step 4: Therefore, the answer is Floral characters.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: While morphology and anatomy are important in plant classification, Linnaeus's system was primarily based on floral characters.
- Option B: Evolutionary trends were not the basis of Linnaeus's system, as it predates modern evolutionary theory.
- Option D: Floral characters are the basis of the Linnaean system.

Key Concepts:
- Linnaean classification
- Plant taxonomy
- Floral morphology

Memory Aids:
- Linnaeus = Flowers

Quick Tips:
- Remember the key features of historical classification systems.

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Study the four statements (A-D) given below and select the two correct ones out of them:

A. Definition of biological species was given by Ernst Mayr.

B. Photoperiod does not affect reproduction in plants

C. Binomial nomenclature system was given by R.H. Whittaker.

D. In unicellular organisms, reproduction is synonymous with growth.

The two correct statements are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

A and D

The correct answer is D (A and D) because Ernst Mayr defined biological species, and reproduction is synonymous with growth in unicellular organisms.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: A and D. Ernst Mayr defined biological species, and reproduction is synonymous with growth in unicellular organisms.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Evaluate each statement.

Step 2: Statement A: Ernst Mayr is known for defining the biological species concept. This is correct.

Step 3: Statement B: Photoperiod does affect reproduction in plants. This is incorrect.

Step 4: Statement C: Binomial nomenclature was given by Linnaeus, not R.H. Whittaker. This is incorrect.

Step 5: Statement D: In unicellular organisms, cell division (reproduction) results in growth in population size. This is correct.

Step 6: Select the option with the two correct statements.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Includes B, which is incorrect.
- Option B: Includes B and C, which are incorrect.
- Option C: Includes C, which is incorrect.

Key Concepts:
- Biological species concept
- Photoperiodism
- Binomial nomenclature
- Reproduction in unicellular organisms

Memory Aids:
- Ernst Mayr = biological species.
- Linnaeus = binomial nomenclature.

Quick Tips:
- Know the key contributors to taxonomy and their concepts.

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Multicellular organism in which new individuals are produced by budding is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Hydra

Option A (Hydra) is correct because Hydra is a multicellular organism known to reproduce asexually through budding, where a new individual grows out of the parent organism.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: A. Hydra. Hydra is a multicellular organism that reproduces by budding.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Define budding.\nBudding is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud on another one.

Step 2: Consider each organism.\nHydra: Reproduces by budding.\nYeast: Unicellular fungus that reproduces by budding.\nPlanaria: Reproduces by fragmentation.

Step 3: Identify the multicellular organism that reproduces by budding.\nHydra is the correct answer.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option B: Yeast - Yeast is unicellular, not multicellular.
- Option C: Planaria - Planaria reproduces by fragmentation, not budding.
- Option D: Both 1 and 2 - Yeast is unicellular, so this option is incorrect.

Key Concepts:
- Budding
- Asexual reproduction
- Multicellular organisms

Memory Aids:
- Hydra = Budding.

Quick Tips:
- Remember different modes of asexual reproduction.

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Growth is extrinsic in all except

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Prokaryotes

Option D (Prokaryotes) is correct because prokaryotes exhibit intrinsic growth (internal addition of cellular material), whereas the other options represent examples of extrinsic growth (accumulation of material on the surface).

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Prokaryotes. Growth in prokaryotes is intrinsic, while it is extrinsic in the other options.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic growth.
Step 2: Understand that intrinsic growth involves internal addition of material, while extrinsic growth involves external accumulation.
Step 3: Evaluate which of the given options exhibits intrinsic growth.
Step 4: Recognize that prokaryotes grow by internal cellular processes, while the others grow by external accumulation.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A (Snow mountains): Snow mountains grow by the accumulation of snow on the surface (extrinsic).
- Option B (Sand dunes): Sand dunes grow by the accumulation of sand particles (extrinsic).
- Option C (Crystals): Crystals grow by the addition of molecules to the surface (extrinsic).

Key Concepts:
- Intrinsic growth
- Extrinsic growth
- Prokaryotic growth

Memory Aids:
- Prokaryotes grow from within; non-living things grow from the outside.

Quick Tips:
- Differentiate between internal and external addition of material for growth.

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Choose the wrong statements regarding universal rules of nomenclature

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Biological names are generally in English and written in italics

Option D (Biological names are generally in English and written in italics) is correct because biological names are generally in Latin and written in italics.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Biological names are generally in English and written in italics. Biological names are derived from Latin and are italicized.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Recall the universal rules of nomenclature:
- Genus name is the first word and starts with a capital letter.
- Species name is the second word and starts with a lowercase letter.
- Both names are italicized (or underlined separately if handwritten).
- Biological names are generally derived from Latin.

Step 2: Evaluate each statement:
- A. The first word in a biological name represents the genus: Correct.
- B. The first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter: Correct.
- C. Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten are separately underlined: Correct.
- D. Biological names are generally in English and written in italics: Incorrect, they are in Latin.

Step 3: Conclusion: Biological names are in Latin, not English.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: The genus name is always the first word in a biological name.
- Option B: The genus name always starts with a capital letter.
- Option C: Underlining separately is the correct way to represent italics when handwriting.

Key Concepts:
- Binomial nomenclature
- Rules of nomenclature
- Latin names

Memory Aids:
- Remember that scientific names are "Latinized" names.

Quick Tips:
- Pay attention to the language of origin when identifying incorrect statements about nomenclature.

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The label of a herbarium sheet does not carry information of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

height of the plant

Option D (height of the plant) is correct because herbarium sheets typically include collection date, collector name, and local names, but not plant height.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: height of the plant. Herbarium sheets don't typically include plant height.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Recall the information included on a herbarium sheet label.

Step 2: Common information includes:
- Date of collection
- Name of collector
- Local names
- Location of collection
- Taxonomic information

Step 3: Height of the plant is not typically recorded on the label.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Date of collection is a standard piece of information.
- Option B: Name of collector is a standard piece of information.
- Option C: Local names are often included on the label.

Key Concepts:
- Herbarium sheet
- Plant collection
- Taxonomic information

Memory Aids:
- Think about what's practical to record when collecting plants.

Quick Tips:
- Remember the standard information found on herbarium labels.

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Who has written the book "Historia Generalis Plantarum".

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

John Ray

Option C (John Ray) is correct because John Ray authored the book \"Historia Generalis Plantarum\".

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: John Ray. John Ray wrote \"Historia Generalis Plantarum\".

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: The question asks about the author of the book \"Historia Generalis Plantarum\".

Step 2: Recall the scientists associated with important botanical publications.

Step 3: John Ray is known for writing \"Historia Generalis Plantarum\".

Step 4: Therefore, the answer is John Ray.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Hutchinson is known for his system of plant classification, but not for writing \"Historia Generalis Plantarum\".
- Option B: Lamarck is known for his theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics, not for writing \"Historia Generalis Plantarum\".
- Option D: Linnaeus is known for his system of binomial nomenclature, but not for writing \"Historia Generalis Plantarum\".

Key Concepts:
- History of botany
- Plant taxonomy
- Important botanical publications

Memory Aids:
- Ray = Historia Generalis Plantarum

Quick Tips:
- Remember key scientists and their associated publications.

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Which one of the following taxonomical aid is used for identification of plants and animals based on similarities and dissimilarities ?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Key

Option A (Key) is correct because a key is a taxonomic aid used for identification based on contrasting characteristics (similarities and dissimilarities).

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Key. A key is used for identification based on similarities and dissimilarities.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall the definition and purpose of a key in taxonomy.
Step 2: Understand that keys use contrasting characteristics to identify organisms.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option B (Flora): Flora provides information about plants in a specific area.
- Option C (Monographs): Monographs provide detailed accounts of a single taxon.
- Option D (Catalogues): Catalogues list species found in a particular area.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomic aids
- Key
- Flora
- Monographs
- Catalogues

Memory Aids:
- Key = identification based on contrasting characters.

Quick Tips:
- Know the purpose of different taxonomic aids.

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Which one of the following has least similar characters?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Class

Option B (Class) is correct because organisms within the same class share fewer similarities compared to those within a family, genus, or species.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Class. Class is a higher taxonomic rank than family, genus and species, thus having least similar characters.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Recall the taxonomic hierarchy: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Step 2: As you move up the hierarchy, the organisms become more diverse and share fewer similar characters.

Step 3: Compare the given options: Family, Class, Genus, Species.

Step 4: Class is the highest rank among the given options.

Step 5: Therefore, organisms in the same class will have the least similar characters.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Family is a lower taxonomic rank than class, so organisms in the same family will have more similar characters.
- Option C: Genus is a lower taxonomic rank than class, so organisms in the same genus will have more similar characters.
- Option D: Species is the lowest taxonomic rank, so organisms in the same species will have the most similar characters.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomic hierarchy
- Classification of organisms

Memory Aids:
- King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti (Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species)

Quick Tips:
- Remember the order of the taxonomic hierarchy.
- Higher ranks have less similarity, lower ranks have more similarity.

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An institution, where valuable plant material likely to become irretrievably lost in the wild or in cultivation is preserved in viable condition is known as

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Gene bank

Option C (Gene bank) is correct because gene banks preserve genetic material of plants that may be lost in the wild.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Gene bank. Gene banks preserve genetic material of plants.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Define the terms:
- Genome: The complete set of genes in an organism.
- Gene library: A collection of DNA fragments.
- Gene bank: A facility for preserving genetic material.
- Herbarium: A collection of preserved plants.

Step 2: Determine which institution preserves plant material likely to be lost.

Step 3: A gene bank preserves plant material in viable condition.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Genome refers to the genetic material itself, not the institution.
- Option B: Gene library is a collection of DNA fragments, not necessarily for preservation of entire plants.
- Option D: Herbarium preserves dried plant specimens, not viable material.

Key Concepts:
- Gene bank
- Plant conservation
- Genetic resources

Memory Aids:
- Gene bank = stores genes for the future.

Quick Tips:
- Understand the purpose of gene banks in conservation.

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Live specimens are used for reference in taxonomic studies

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

More than one option is

Option D (More than one option is) is correct because both Zoological parks and Botanical gardens use live specimens for reference in taxonomic studies.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: More than one option is. Both Zoological parks and Botanical gardens use live specimens for reference.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Consider the purpose of Zoological parks and Botanical gardens.
Step 2: Recognize that both maintain live specimens for study and reference.
Step 3: Understand that museums primarily use preserved specimens.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A (Zoological parks): This is only partially correct, as Botanical gardens also use live specimens.
- Option B (Museum): Museums primarily use preserved specimens.
- Option C (Botanical gardens): This is only partially correct, as Zoological parks also use live specimens.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomic aids
- Zoological parks
- Botanical gardens
- Museums

Memory Aids:
- Live specimens are found in zoos and gardens.

Quick Tips:
- Consider the types of specimens found in different taxonomic aids.

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A place used for storing, preservation and exhibition of both plants and animals is known as

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Museum

Option A (Museum) is correct because museums are institutions that store, preserve, and exhibit both plants and animals.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Museum. Museums store, preserve, and exhibit both plants and animals.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Define the terms:
- Museum: An institution that collects, preserves, and exhibits objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific interest.
- Zoos: Facilities that house living animals for exhibition.
- Botanical gardens: Gardens dedicated to the collection, cultivation, and display of plants.
- Herbarium: A collection of preserved plant specimens.

Step 2: Determine which place stores both plants and animals.

Step 3: Museums are the only option that fits this description.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option B: Zoos primarily exhibit living animals.
- Option C: Botanical gardens primarily display living plants.
- Option D: Herbaria store preserved plant specimens only.

Key Concepts:
- Museums
- Zoos
- Botanical gardens
- Herbarium

Memory Aids:
- Museums = a variety of collections, including plants and animals.

Quick Tips:
- Understand the purpose of each type of institution.

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Each statement in the key is called

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Lead

Option A (Lead) is correct because each statement in a taxonomic key is called a lead.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Lead. Each statement in a key is called a lead.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Understand the question. The question asks for the term used to describe each statement in a taxonomic key.

Step 2: Define the terms.
- Lead: Each statement in a key.
- Couplet: Two contrasting statements in a key.
- Contrasting character: A characteristic that differs between organisms.

Step 3: Determine the correct answer. Each statement is called a lead.

Step 4: Conclusion: The correct answer is Lead.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option B: A couplet consists of two contrasting leads.
- Option C: Contrasting characters are the features used to differentiate organisms, not the statements themselves.
- Option D: Only lead is the correct answer.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomic key
- Lead
- Couplet
- Contrasting character

Memory Aids:
- Lead = Leads you to the correct identification.

Quick Tips:
- Remember the difference between a lead and a couplet.

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What is the prime source of taxonomic studies?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Both (a) and (b)

Option C (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because taxonomic studies rely on both the collection and identification of actual specimens.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Both (a) and (b). Taxonomic studies require both collection and identification of specimens.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Understand the question. The question asks about the prime source of taxonomic studies.

Step 2: Define the terms.
- Taxonomic studies: Studies related to classification and identification of organisms.
- Specimen: An individual organism used as an example of its species.

Step 3: Evaluate each option:
- A. Collection of actual specimens of organisms species: Important for taxonomic studies.
- B. Identification of actual specimen of organism species: Equally important for taxonomic studies.
- C. Both (a) and (b): Correct, as both are essential.
- D. None of the above: Incorrect, as both collection and identification are crucial.

Step 4: Conclusion: Both collection and identification are prime sources.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Collection alone is insufficient without identification.
- Option B: Identification alone is impossible without collection.
- Option D: Both collection and identification are essential.

Key Concepts:
- Taxonomy
- Specimen collection
- Specimen identification

Memory Aids:
- Remember that taxonomy involves both finding and naming organisms.

Quick Tips:
- Consider the entire process of taxonomic study when answering such questions.

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Males produce two types of gametes in

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Drosophila

The correct answer is C (Drosophila) because Drosophila males have different sex chromosomes (XY), leading to the production of two types of gametes (X-bearing and Y-bearing).

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Drosophila. Males in Drosophila have XY chromosomes, leading to two types of gametes.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Understand the concept of sex determination and gamete formation.

Step 2: In organisms with heterogametic males (XY), males produce two types of gametes: X-bearing and Y-bearing.

Step 3: Drosophila has an XY sex-determination system.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Butterflies have a ZW sex-determination system where females are heterogametic (ZW) and produce two types of gametes.
- Option B: Birds have a ZW sex-determination system where females are heterogametic (ZW) and produce two types of gametes.
- Option D: Moths have a ZW sex-determination system where females are heterogametic (ZW) and produce two types of gametes.

Key Concepts:
- Sex determination
- Heterogametic sex
- Gamete formation

Memory Aids:
- XY males produce two types of gametes.

Quick Tips:
- Know the different sex-determination systems.

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Assertion: One of the defining property of living
organisms is consciousness.

Reason: Human being is the only organism that
has self consciousness

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason
is not the correct explanation of Assertion

Option B (If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because both statements are factually correct, but the reason doesn't explain why consciousness is a defining property.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion. Both statements are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Analyze Assertion: One of the defining property of living organisms is consciousness. This is true, especially self-consciousness in humans.

Step 2: Analyze Reason: Human being is the only organism that has self consciousness. This is also true.

Step 3: Determine if Reason explains Assertion: While both are true, the fact that humans have self-consciousness doesn't explain why consciousness, in general, is a defining property of living organisms.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion: Reason does not explain Assertion.
- Option C: If Assertion is true but Reason is false: Both Assertion and Reason are true.
- Option D: If both Assertion and Reason are false: Both Assertion and Reason are true.

Key Concepts:
- Defining properties of living organisms
- Consciousness
- Self-consciousness

Memory Aids:
- Consciousness = Awareness, Self-consciousness = Awareness of self

Quick Tips:
- Determine if the reason directly explains the assertion.

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The feature of living being absent in mules is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Reproduction

The correct answer is C (Reproduction) because mules are sterile hybrids and cannot reproduce.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Reproduction. Mules are sterile and cannot reproduce.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Understand the characteristics of living beings.

Step 2: Living beings typically exhibit growth, metabolism, reproduction, and consciousness.

Step 3: Mules are sterile hybrids, meaning they cannot reproduce.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option A: Mules exhibit growth.
- Option B: Mules exhibit metabolism.
- Option D: Mules exhibit consciousness.

Key Concepts:
- Characteristics of living beings
- Reproduction
- Sterility
- Hybrid

Memory Aids:
- Mules are sterile.

Quick Tips:
- Know the characteristics of living organisms and exceptions to the rules.

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According to binomial nomenclature, every living organisms has

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

One scientific name with 2 components

Option A is correct because binomial nomenclature assigns each organism one two-part scientific name.

Solution approach

Correct Answer + Core Reason: One scientific name with 2 components. This is the basis of binomial nomenclature.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Step 1: Recall the principles of binomial nomenclature.

Step 2: Binomial nomenclature assigns each organism a two-part scientific name: the genus name and the specific epithet.

Step 3: Choose the option that accurately describes this system.

Why other options are wrong:
- Option B: The scientific name is in Latin, but there isn't another common name as part of the nomenclature.
- Option C: Common names can have multiple components, but this is not part of the scientific binomial nomenclature.
- Option D: There is only one scientific name, not two.

Key Concepts:
- Binomial nomenclature
- Genus
- Specific epithet

Memory Aids:
- Bi-nomial = two names.

Quick Tips:
- Understand the structure of scientific names.

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