Human health and diseases practice · Mixed difficulty

Option A (Tetanus, Typhoid, Pneumonia) is correct because all three diseases are caused by bacteria.

Option D (Oxytetracycline) is correct because oxytetracycline is often used as a feed additive for pigs to promote growth and prevent disease.

Option A (Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct) is correct because allergy is an immune disorder and is specific to an individual.

Option D (Contractile vacuole) is correct because Entamoeba, unlike Amoeba, lacks a contractile vacuole, which is used for osmoregulation in freshwater Amoeba.

Option C is correct because AIDS involves both the destruction of the immune system and the development of opportunistic infections and related symptoms.

Option D is correct because antibodies separated from serum are not homogenous, and monoclonal antibodies are homogenous immunological reagents, making both statements incorrect.

Option C (Obsessive compulsive disorder) is correct because OCD is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions).

The correct answer is B (second world war) because Penicillin was widely used during the Second World War to treat infections.

Option A (DPT- Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus vaccine) is correct because DPT vaccine is given against bacterial diseases (Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus), not viral diseases.

Option C (Pneumonia) is correct because the symptoms listed (fever, chills, cough, headache, gray or bluish lips and finger’s nails) are characteristic of pneumonia.

Option C is correct because Amoebiasis is transmitted through contaminated food and water, while the others are primarily transmitted through air droplets.

Option B (Culex - Elephantiasis) is correct because Culex mosquitoes transmit the filarial worms that cause Elephantiasis.

Option D (IgE and Histamine) is correct because IgE antibodies and histamine are key players in allergic reactions.

Option B (Tuberculosis and pneumonia) is correct because both tuberculosis and some types of pneumonia are bacterial infections that can be treated with antibiotics.

Option B (Memory cells) is correct because active immunity relies on the body's own immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells for long-term protection.

Option B (As immunodepressent) is correct because cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant drug used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs by suppressing the immune system.

Option A is correct because both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion. An elevated TLC can indicate various diseases, including tuberculosis and typhoid.

Option B (Dependence) is correct because it describes the body's physiological need for a drug, leading to withdrawal symptoms upon cessation.

Option D is correct because Cancer, tuberculosis, and tetanus are not all primarily parasitic diseases, unlike the other options.

Option A (Echinococcus granulosus) is correct because Hydatid disease is caused by the parasitic tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus.

Option C (The development of mutant strains resistant to antibiotics) is correct because antibiotic resistance is a major factor limiting antibiotic effectiveness.

Option B (Both statements A and B are correct) is correct because both statements accurately describe aspects of allergic reactions and their treatment.

Option B (If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because artificially acquired passive immunity involves introducing antibodies or lymphocytes, and bone marrow transplants address genetic deficiencies but are not an example of passive immunity.

Option D (Retrovirus) is correct because HIV, the virus responsible for AIDS, is a retrovirus, meaning it uses reverse transcriptase to convert RNA into DNA.

Option B is correct because both alcoholism and tobacco smoking are regarded as social diseases, and they adversely affect the families of sufferers, but the latter is not the direct explanation of the former.

Option D is correct because the thymus is the primary site for T-lymphocyte maturation, so its removal in a newborn would prevent T-lymphocyte production.

Option B (Oxytetracycline) is correct because Streptomyces rimosus is known to produce oxytetracycline.

Option A is correct because smoking reduces ciliary effectiveness, which allows bacteria and particles to enter the lungs and cause damage.

Option D (Cancer, Tuberculosis, Tetanus) is correct because Cancer is a non-infectious disease, while Tuberculosis and Tetanus are infectious diseases. The other options contain only infectious diseases.

Option D is correct because both statements accurately describe the roles of histamine and the evolution of memory-based immunity.