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NEET • BIOLOGY • HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASES

Human health and diseases practice · Hard

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Showing 1-30 of 69 questions

1 Hard

1 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus placenta or through mother's milk to the infant is categorized as

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Passive immunity

Option D is correct. Passive immunity is acquired when antibodies are transferred from another source, like mother to fetus.

2 Hard

2 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

The following bacteria cause food poisoning due to the
release of an exotoxin. The bacterium that releases a
powerful paralytic exotoxin is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Clostridium botulinum (botulism)

Option B (Clostridium botulinum (botulism)) is correct because Clostridium botulinum releases a potent paralytic exotoxin causing botulism.

3 Hard

3 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

By joining forces with the ribosome’s 50S subunit, which of the following prevents protein synthesis?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Chloramphenicol

Option B (Chloramphenicol) is correct because Chloramphenicol inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit.

4 Hard

4 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

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Correct option: D

Tetanus - Pasteurella pestis

Option D (Tetanus - Pasteurella pestis) is not correctly matched because Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani, not Pasteurella pestis.

5 Hard

5 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Entamoeba histolytica is an
obligate anaerobe.

Reason(R): Mitochondria are absent in it.

The correct option among the following is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

(A) is true, (R) is true and (R) is the correct
explanation for (A)

Option A is correct because both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion. Entamoeba histolytica is an obligate anaerobe due to the absence of mitochondria.

6 Hard

6 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following plants root is medicinal
and leaves, flowers and fruits are edible as
vegetable?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Holostemma adakodien

Option D (Holostemma adakodien) is correct because the roots of Holostemma adakodien are used medicinally, and its leaves, flowers, and fruits are edible as vegetables.

7 Hard

7 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Inhibition or death of one occurs organism by another through the production of some byproduct is known as antibiosis.
Reason (R): Antibiosis is a type of negative interaction.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion

Option B is correct because both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason (negative interaction) is a broader category and doesn't specifically explain the mechanism of antibiosis.

8 Hard

8 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

[A]: Some viruses cause cancer.

[R]: Cancer viruses trigger uncontrolled growth of cell.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Option A (Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A) is correct because some viruses can indeed cause cancer by triggering uncontrolled cell growth.

9 Hard

9 of 69

Analyzing +4 | -1

[A]: In low degree smoking is helpful.
[R]: In low doses, nicotine stimulates conduction of nerves impulses & relaxes the muscles.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Option A is correct because nicotine in low doses can stimulate nerve impulse conduction and muscle relaxation, which can be perceived as helpful in some contexts.

10 Hard

10 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Who received Nobel prize in 1951 for the development of vaccine for yellow fever?

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Correct option: A

Max Theiler

Option A (Max Theiler) is correct because he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1951 for his work on developing a vaccine against yellow fever.

11 Hard

11 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

An attenuated pathogen is one which

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Has lost pathogenicity but not antigenicity

Option A (Has lost pathogenicity but not antigenicity) is correct because attenuated pathogens retain their ability to stimulate an immune response without causing disease.

12 Hard

12 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

The following are types of parasites

(I) Intracellular

(II) Coelozoic

(III) Intercellular

(IV) Hyperparasite

Which of the above are correct regarding
Nosema notabilis?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

I, IV

The correct answer is B (I, IV) because Nosema notabilis is an intracellular parasite and can be a hyperparasite.

13 Hard

13 of 69

Analyzing +4 | -1

[A]: Smoking stimulates secretion of gastric juice in stomach even when stomach is empty.

[R]: It is aimed at quickening the digestion of fcod when taken.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

A is true but R is false

Option C is correct because smoking does stimulate the secretion of gastric juice, but the reason given about quickening digestion is false.

14 Hard

14 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Grafting of tissue or organ between individuals of different species is called

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Xenograft

Option C (Xenograft) is correct because a xenograft is a tissue or organ transplant between individuals of different species.

15 Hard

15 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Charas is a psychoactive drug.

Reason: Charas contains THC of 25 to 60%.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A is correct because Charas is indeed a psychoactive drug, and the reason correctly identifies that it contains a significant amount of THC.

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16 Hard

16 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Statement I : Mature

\beta

-cells synthesis various types of antibodies which are displayed on their membranes.

Statement II : Antigenic site binds to an antibody is called epitope

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Both statement I and statement II are true

Option A (Both statement I and statement II are true) is correct because mature B-cells do display antibodies, and the antigenic site that binds to an antibody is indeed called an epitope.

17 Hard

17 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Kidney transplant from a non-matching donor gets rejected.

Reason: Cell mediated immunity mediated by B-lymphocytes reject it.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

Option C is correct. Kidney transplant rejection is cell-mediated, but it's primarily T-lymphocytes, not B-lymphocytes, that mediate the rejection.

18 Hard

18 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Fibroid (leiomyoma) uterus is a:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Benign tumour of uterus

Option A is correct. A fibroid (leiomyoma) uterus is a benign tumor of the uterus.

19 Hard

19 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion :

\beta

-cells work chiefly by secreting
substances called antibodies into the body
fluids.

Reason : Antibodies ambush foreign antigen
circulating in the blood stream.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option D (If both Assertion and Reason are false) is correct because

\beta

-cells secrete insulin, not antibodies, and antibodies target antigens in the bloodstream.

20 Hard

20 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Who received Nobel Prize in 2008 for the discovery of HIV?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Luc Montagnier

Option B (Luc Montagnier) is correct because Luc Montagnier shared the Nobel Prize in 2008 for the discovery of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

21 Hard

21 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Which test from the list below is used to identify AIDS?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Western blot and an ELISA test

Option A (Western blot and an ELISA test) is correct because the ELISA test is used for initial screening for HIV, and a positive ELISA result is confirmed by the Western blot test.

22 Hard

22 of 69

Analyzing +4 | -1

Study the given statements about HIV.
i. The primary target cells for HIV are macrophages and helper
T-lymphocytes
ii. HIV is a non-enveloped retrovirus, having two identical molecules of
ss RNA genome
iii. HIV gets attached to the CD8 receptors present on helper T-lymphocytes to gain entry in them
iv. A widely used diagnostic test for AIDS is enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA)
v. Treatment of AIDS with anti-retroviral drugs is only partially effective.
How many of the above given statements are correct?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Option D (3) is correct because statements i, iv, and v are correct, while ii and iii are incorrect.

23 Hard

23 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following substances is added to ophthalmic solutions as a preservative?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Quaternary ammonium salts

Option B is correct. Quaternary ammonium salts are commonly used as preservatives in ophthalmic solutions.

24 Hard

24 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Continuous exposer to vinyl chloride may cause cancer of the

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

liver

Option A (liver) is correct because prolonged exposure to vinyl chloride is a known risk factor for liver cancer (specifically angiosarcoma).

25 Hard

25 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Western blotting and ELISA tests are used to detect HIV infection in human.
Reason (R): These two techniques use same genomic probes (RNA), which are found in HIV

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Assertion is true but Reason is false

Option C is correct. Western blotting and ELISA are used to detect HIV, but they don't use the same genomic probes (RNA). ELISA detects antibodies, and Western blotting confirms the presence of viral proteins.

26 Hard

26 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion : SCID is a primary immunodeficiency.

Reason : It is a serious congenital
immunodeficiency

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A (If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because SCID is a primary immunodeficiency and it's a serious congenital condition.

27 Hard

27 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Leukaemia is caused by:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{Sr}^{90}

Option B (

{Sr}^{90}

) is correct because Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope that can accumulate in bone marrow and cause leukemia.

28 Hard

28 of 69

Remembering +4 | -1

Antibodies are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Gamma globulins

Option A (Gamma globulins) is correct because antibodies are proteins belonging to the gamma globulin class of immunoglobulins, produced by plasma cells in response to an antigen.

29 Hard

29 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion : Paroxysms are regular and daily
in Quotidian malaria.

Reason : Recurrence of fever is after 48 hours if
the infection is caused by Plasmodium malariae.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

If both Assertion and Reason are false

Option D is correct because the assertion regarding quotidian malaria and the reason regarding Plasmodium malariae are both false.

30 Hard

30 of 69

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): T-lymphocytes mediate CMI response.

Reason (R): The above response makes it easy to transplant organs.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

If assertion is true but reason is false

Option C is correct. T-lymphocytes do mediate CMI response, but this response makes organ transplantation more difficult, not easier.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASES in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 69 single-correct-answer MCQs on HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASES.
✓ Try each question before opening its answer. Read the explanation where one is available.
✓ Sign in to save submitted answers. Revisit incorrect answers alongside your textbook or class notes.

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