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NEET • BIOLOGY • DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION

Digestion and absorption practice · Medium

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31 Medium

31 of 106

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Volume and fluidity of intestinal
contents have increased in a person.

Reason: The person drank sea water.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A (If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because drinking seawater increases the solute concentration in the intestine, drawing water into the lumen and increasing volume and fluidity.

32 Medium

32 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is the correct chronological order for the enzyme activity of some enzymes taking part in protein digestion?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Pepsin

\to

Trypsin

\to

Peptidase

Option A (Pepsin

\to

Trypsin

\to

Peptidase) is correct because pepsin initiates protein digestion in the stomach, followed by trypsin in the small intestine, and finally peptidases for breaking down smaller peptides.

33 Medium

33 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Fats are emulsified by the bile juice because it contains

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Bile salt

Option C (Bile salt) is correct because bile salts emulsify fats, breaking them into smaller droplets, which increases the surface area for lipase to act upon.

34 Medium

34 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

Read the following statements regarding the digestive system and select the correct statement

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Correct option: A

Oesophagus passes through neck, thorax and diaphragm and open into stomach

Option A is correct because the esophagus indeed passes through the neck, thorax, and diaphragm before opening into the stomach.

35 Medium

35 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

The pH of the digestive juices varies in human intestine. What does it means?

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Correct option: B

Medium is slightly basic

Option B (Medium is slightly basic) is correct because the pH in the human intestine is generally slightly alkaline to facilitate enzymatic activity.

36 Medium

36 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Where the liver is located in human body?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

In abdominal cavity, just below the diaphragm

The correct answer is D (In abdominal cavity, just below the diaphragm) because the liver is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdominal cavity, directly beneath the diaphragm.

37 Medium

37 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following pairs of food components in humans reaches the stomach totally undigested?

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Correct option: D

Fat and cellulose

Option D (Fat and cellulose) is correct because fat digestion starts in the small intestine, and humans lack the enzymes to digest cellulose.

38 Medium

38 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Vitamin necessary for normal functioning of liver, clotting of blood and preventing haemorrhage is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Phylloquinone

Option B (Phylloquinone) is correct because Phylloquinone (Vitamin K) is essential for blood clotting and liver function.

39 Medium

39 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

With reference to a normal human being, which one of the following statements is not correct?

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Correct option: C

Saliva is secreted by six pairs of salivary glands in human beings

Option C (Saliva is secreted by six pairs of salivary glands in human beings) is correct because humans have three pairs of major salivary glands, not six.

40 Medium

40 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

Lipids, Which can be found in oil based salad dressings and ice cream, during digestion are splitted into

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Fatty acids and glycerol

Option A (Fatty acids and glycerol) is correct because lipids are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol during digestion.

41 Medium

41 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

In infant, the process of defecation occurs by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Reflex action without voluntary control

Option A (Reflex action without voluntary control) is correct because infants lack the voluntary control over the external anal sphincter necessary for conscious defecation.

42 Medium

42 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Which teeth of human are shovel-shaped and used for nibbling, cutting and tearing?

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Correct option: A

Canines

Option A (Canines) is the correct answer because canines are shovel-shaped teeth used for tearing food.

43 Medium

43 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Which one of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease?

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Correct option: B

Retinol - Xerophthalmia

Option B (Retinol - Xerophthalmia) is correct because retinol (Vitamin A) deficiency leads to xerophthalmia, a condition characterized by dry eyes.

44 Medium

44 of 106

Application +4 | -1

A woman consumes 100 gm boiled eggs, 70 gm of green leafy vegetables, 25 gm of butter and 150 gm of wheat bread in breakfast and lunch. What is the result of net Kcal intake by her?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

1505

Option A (1505) is correct because the calculation involves multiplying the grams of each food type by its caloric value (eggs and bread: ~4 kcal/g, vegetables: ~0.5 kcal/g, butter: ~9 kcal/g) and summing them up.

45 Medium

45 of 106

Analyzing +4 | -1

Both tripeptides and dipeptides are formed due to the action of all of the following except

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Tripeptidase

Option D (Tripeptidase) is correct because tripeptidase specifically breaks down tripeptides into amino acids, it doesn't form them.

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46 Medium

46 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following inhibits the coagulation of blood in the human circulatory system?

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Correct option: B

Liver, situated in the upper right side of abdominal cavity

Option B (Liver, situated in the upper right side of abdominal cavity) is correct because the liver produces heparin, an anticoagulant that inhibits blood coagulation.

47 Medium

47 of 106

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Sea-faring fishermen sometimes eat
raw fish.

Reason: They can be deficient of Vitamin

{B_1}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A is correct because sea-faring fishermen eating raw fish can be attributed to a potential Vitamin B1 deficiency, making the reason a valid explanation for the assertion.

48 Medium

48 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Osteomalacia is due to deficiency of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Vitamin-D

Option D (Vitamin-D) is correct because Vitamin D deficiency leads to impaired bone mineralization, causing osteomalacia in adults and rickets in children.

49 Medium

49 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Which one of the following pair of simple sugar absorption occurs most rapidly in the jejunum and stomach?

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Correct option: B

Glucose and galactose

Option B (Glucose and galactose) is correct because glucose and galactose are actively transported across the intestinal epithelium, leading to faster absorption compared to fructose.

50 Medium

50 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following scales are similar to mammalian teeth?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Placoid

Option B (Placoid) is correct because placoid scales, found in cartilaginous fish, are structurally similar to mammalian teeth, both containing enamel, dentin, and pulp.

51 Medium

51 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

The enzyme enterokinase helps in conversion of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

trypsinogen into trypsin

Option B (trypsinogen into trypsin) is correct because enterokinase converts the inactive trypsinogen into its active form, trypsin.

52 Medium

52 of 106

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Trypsin helps in blood digestion of predator animals.
Reason: Trypsin hydrolyses fibrinogen.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Option A is correct because trypsin aids in blood digestion of predators by hydrolyzing fibrinogen, which is a key component in blood clotting.

53 Medium

53 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following elements is essential for the life of animal and not for plants?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Iodine

Option B is correct because Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production in animals but is not considered essential for plant life.

54 Medium

54 of 106

Analyzing +4 | -1

Go through the following statements regarding the absorption of fats. Find correct and incorrect statements and choose an option accordingly from the codes given below.
I. Micelles and chylomicron are concerned with the absorption of fats
II. Chylomicrons are water soluble dropelets of fat which contains triglycerides, sterol and phospholipids
III. Micelles are water soluble droplets of fatty acids and glycerols which are formed by the action of bile pigments on fats and glycerol
IV. Chylomicron, protein coated small vesicles are released from the intestinal cells into the blood stream by lacteals

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

I, III and IV are correct, while II is incorrect

Option C (I, II and IV are correct while III is incorrect) is correct because it accurately identifies the true and false statements regarding fat absorption.

55 Medium

55 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following sequence is in correct order?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Descending colon → Rectum → Anus

Option A is correct because the descending colon leads into the rectum, which then connects to the anus.

56 Medium

56 of 106

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Trypsin cannot hydrolyse milk proteins.

Reason: Trypsin functions at an acidic pH.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Assertion is correct but Reason is not correct

Option B (Assertion is correct but Reason is not correct) is correct because trypsin does not hydrolyze milk proteins, but it functions at an alkaline pH, not acidic.

57 Medium

57 of 106

Application +4 | -1

If a person takes 100 gm. Carbohydrates, 60 gm proteins and 30 gm fat. Then how much amount of energy he get

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

910 kcal

Option B (910 kcal) is correct because carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal/g, while fats provide 9 kcal/g. The total energy is calculated by multiplying the grams of each macronutrient by its caloric value and summing them.

58 Medium

58 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Pepsinogen (inactive form) is converted into active form of enzyme pepsin with the help of which of the following compound?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Hydrochloric acid

The correct answer is B (Hydrochloric acid) because hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by parietal cells converts pepsinogen, the inactive form, into pepsin, the active enzyme.

59 Medium

59 of 106

Remembering +4 | -1

Camel in its hump, stores

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Fat for emergency

Option B (Fat for emergency) is correct because the camel's hump primarily stores fat, which can be metabolized to provide energy and water when needed.

60 Medium

60 of 106

Understanding +4 | -1

In the process of digestion and absorption, the peristalsis movement in alimentary canal from oesophagus to rectum is produced by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Unstriped muscle of muscular coat

Option A (Unstriped muscle of muscular coat) is correct because peristalsis is caused by the contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscles in the muscularis externa.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

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