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NEET • BIOLOGY • DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION

Digestion and absorption practice · Hard

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Showing 1-30 of 73 questions

1 Hard

1 of 73

Analyzing +4 | -1

Go through the following statements regarding the absorption of nutrients. Identify wheather they are true or false then choose the correct option accordingly
I. Absorption of monosaccharides, alcohol, some water and medicines like asprin occurs in the stomach
II. Fatty acids cannot be absorbed directly
III. Glycerol can reach into the blood and lymph directly
IV. Maximum absorption of water (90%) takes place in the small intestine
V. Large intestine and mouth are not the site of absorption

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

I, II and IV are true while III and V are false

Option A is correct because statements I, II, and IV are true regarding nutrient absorption, while statements III and V are false.

2 Hard

2 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Which one of the following is antioxidant vitamin?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

C, E and A

Option A (C, E and A) is correct because Vitamins C, E, and A are known for their antioxidant properties, protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals.

3 Hard

3 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Deficiency of which essential amino acid leads to deregulation of blood sugar?

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Correct option: A

Isoleucine

Option A (Isoleucine) is correct because isoleucine is an essential amino acid that plays a role in glucose metabolism, and its deficiency can lead to deregulation of blood sugar levels.

4 Hard

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Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Pavlov has improtant contribution in study of digestion.

Reason: Pavlov discovered that salivation occurs when food is placed in front of us.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Option C (If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect) is correct because Pavlov did have important contributions to the study of digestion, but the reason is incorrect as Pavlov discovered conditioned reflexes, not just salivation when food is placed in front of us.

5 Hard

5 of 73

Analyzing +4 | -1

Identify wheather the given statements are true or false in the context of deficiency of essential amino acids and choose the correct option accordingly
I. Incomplete break down of proteins in the digestive system
II. Deregulation of mood and sleep
III. Increased production of sulphur
IV. Decreased amount of niacin

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

I – True
II – True
III – False
IV – True

Option A is correct because incomplete protein breakdown, mood and sleep deregulation, and decreased niacin levels are all associated with essential amino acid deficiencies, while increased sulfur production is not.

6 Hard

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Remembering +4 | -1

Glisson's capsules are found in:

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Correct option: B

Liver of mammals

Option B (Liver of mammals) is correct because Glisson's capsules are a fibrous capsule that surrounds the liver in mammals.

7 Hard

7 of 73

Application +4 | -1

A person consumes

20 \,\mathrm{~g}

of roasted potato chips,

25\, \mathrm{~g}

of bread with

15\, \mathrm{~g}

of butter and

150 \mathrm{~g}

of proteins. What is his approximate total calorie intake?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

915 \, \mathrm{kcal}

Option A (915 kcal) is correct because it accurately calculates the total calorie intake based on the given amounts of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

8 Hard

8 of 73

Application +4 | -1

A healthy person eats the following diet which constitutes of 10 gm raw sugar, 2 gm albumin, 20 gm lignin, 10 gm pure buffalo ghee. How many calories he is likely to get?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

138

Option A (138) is correct because the calculation involves multiplying the grams of each food type by its caloric value (sugar and albumin: 4 kcal/g, ghee: 9 kcal/g) and summing them up. Lignin is indigestible.

9 Hard

9 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

The true stomach in ruminants, Where most of digestion takes place is

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Correct option: D

Abomasum

The correct answer is D (Abomasum) because the abomasum is the true stomach in ruminants, secreting gastric juices and enzymes for digestion, similar to the monogastric stomach.

10 Hard

10 of 73

Understanding +4 | -1

Choose true and false statements regarding the  pancreaticdigestive glands of humans I. It is a compound gland as it posseses both exocrine and endocrine parts II. Exocrine parts secretes alkaline pancreatic juices III. Endocrine part secretes hormones like insulin and glucagon IV. They are surrounded by glisson’s capsule V. Secretion of these gland’s forms gastric juices Pick the correct option accordingly

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

I, II, III are true while IV and V are false

Option A (I, II, III are true while IV and V are false) is correct because the pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions, secretes alkaline pancreatic juice, and hormones like insulin and glucagon, but is not surrounded by Glisson's capsule and its secretions don't form gastric juices.

11 Hard

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Remembering +4 | -1

At interval throughout the G.I tract, which layer is thickened and modified to form sphincters?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Circular smooth muscle

Option C is correct because the circular smooth muscle layer in the GI tract thickens and modifies to form sphincters, which control the passage of food.

12 Hard

12 of 73

Understanding +4 | -1

Incorrect statement w.r.t. diarrhoea is

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Correct option: D

There is inadequate enzyme secretion

Option D (There is inadequate enzyme secretion) is correct because diarrhoea primarily involves increased frequency and liquidity of bowel movements, and reduced absorption, not necessarily inadequate enzyme secretion.

13 Hard

13 of 73

Analyzing +4 | -1

Go through the following statements regarding the disorders of the digestive system. Choose the correct statements and select appropriate option from the codes given below
I. Indigestion is caused by the poor supply of digestive enzyme, overeating, anxiety and a lot of junk food
II. Constipation, an irregular movement of bowl is caused due to poor habits, fiberless diet, emotional stress and certain drugs
III. Indigestion can be caused by milk of magnesia
IV. Ejection of stomach content is controlled by hypothalamus of prosencephalon

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

I and II statements are correct

Option C (I and II statements are correct) is the answer because Indigestion can be caused by poor enzyme supply, overeating, anxiety, and junk food, and Constipation can result from poor habits, fiberless diets, emotional stress, and certain drugs.

14 Hard

14 of 73

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Gastric glands occur throughout the alimentary canal.

Reason: Gastric juice helps in movement of food through the alimentary canal.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Assertion is not correct but Reason is correct

Option C (Assertion is not correct but Reason is correct) is correct because gastric glands are not found throughout the alimentary canal, but gastric juice does aid in food movement.

15 Hard

15 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Which one of the following amino acids is an essential part of human diet?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Phenylalanine

Option B is correct because Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid, meaning it cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained from the diet.

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16 Hard

16 of 73

Understanding +4 | -1

Read the following statements about cells present in gastric glands and choose the correct option.
Statement I : Paneth cells secrete mucus.
Statement II : Chief cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Both statements are incorrect

Option D is correct because Paneth cells secrete antimicrobial substances, and Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, not HCl or intrinsic factor.

17 Hard

17 of 73

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following statements is true regarding digestion and absorption of food in humans?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein particles that are transported from intestine into blood capillaries

Option D (Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein particles that are transported from intestine into blood capillaries) is correct because chylomicrons transport fats from the intestine into lacteals, which eventually drain into the bloodstream.

18 Hard

18 of 73

Understanding +4 | -1

Consider the following statements.
I. The anti-pellagra vitamin is nicotinamide present in milk, yeast, meat and leafy
vegetables.
II. Crypts of Leiberkuhn are present in the liver.
III. Steapsin is the pancreatic amylase.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

II and III incorrect

Option D (II and III incorrect) is correct because Crypts of Lieberkuhn are present in the intestine, not the liver, and steapsin is pancreatic lipase, not amylase.

19 Hard

19 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Liver stores

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of the above

Option D (All of the above) is correct because the liver is a storage site for fat-soluble vitamins, including Vitamin A, Vitamin D, and Vitamin E.

20 Hard

20 of 73

Understanding +4 | -1

A child took sugarcane and sucked its juice. Regarding this, which of the following match is correct?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Substrate of enzyme - Sucrose; Enzyme secretion - Invertase; Site of formed - Duodenum; Products - Glucose + Fructose

Option D (Substrate of enzyme - Sucrose; Enzyme secretion - Invertase; Site of formed - Duodenum; Products - Glucose + Fructose) is correct because sucrose is broken down by invertase in the duodenum into glucose and fructose.

21 Hard

21 of 73

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Brunner's glands found in jejunum secrete enzyme and mucus.

Reason: Mucus protect the jejunal wall from getting digested.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Assertion is not correct but Reason is correct

Option C (Assertion is not correct but Reason is correct) is correct because Brunner's glands are found in the duodenum, not the jejunum, but mucus does protect the intestinal wall.

22 Hard

22 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

The normal temperature of human body on the Kelvin scale is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

310

The correct answer is D (310) because the normal human body temperature is 37°C, which is equivalent to 310 Kelvin (K = °C + 273).

23 Hard

23 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following has minimum pH?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Gastric juice

The correct answer is C (Gastric juice) because gastric juice, containing hydrochloric acid (HCl), has a pH of around 1.5 to 3.5, which is more acidic than bile, saliva, or pancreatic juice.

24 Hard

24 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Identify the type of gastrointestinal hormone based on the functions given below
I. Stimulates the crypts of Lieberkuhn
II. Inhibits the secretion of glucagon by alpha cells
III. Stimulates Brunner’s glands to release mucus
Chooses the correct option accordingly

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

I-Enterokinin
II-Somatostatin
III-Duocrinin

Option D (I-Enterokinin, II-Somatostatin, III-Duocrinin) is correct because Enterokinin stimulates the crypts of Lieberkuhn, Somatostatin inhibits glucagon secretion, and Duocrinin stimulates Brunner's glands.

25 Hard

25 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Daily requirement of vitamin-A for adult women is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

700 micrograms

Option B (700 micrograms) is correct because the recommended daily allowance of Vitamin A for adult women is approximately 700 micrograms.

26 Hard

26 of 73

Analyzing +4 | -1

Read carefully the following statements regarding the absorption of nutrients. Find the incorrect statements and choose the correct option from the given below codes
I. Absorption of carbohydrates takes place in the stomach and jejunum part of intestine
II. The water soluble end products of food can reach the blood and lymph directly
III. Large intestine and buccal cavity do not functions as the site of absorption
IV. Large intestine is the site of absorption of about 90% of the total water present in the hydrolysed food
Codes

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

III and IV are incorrect

Option C (I and II are incorrect) is correct because carbohydrate absorption mainly occurs in the small intestine (not the stomach), and water-soluble nutrients are absorbed into the blood, not directly into the lymph.

27 Hard

27 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Generally, new born babies shows a symptoms of a mild form of jaundice which is known as

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Physiological jaundice

Option D (Physiological jaundice) is correct because newborn babies often exhibit a mild form of jaundice due to the immature liver's inability to process bilirubin efficiently, which is termed physiological jaundice.

28 Hard

28 of 73

Analyzing +4 | -1

Consider the following statements regarding the digestion and absorption of food in human and identify the correct and incorrect statement
I. Antipellagra vitamin is nicotinamide which is present in milk, yeast, meat, leafy vegetable and whole grains
II. Deficiency of vitamin thiamine causes loss of appetite, muscle depreciation, fatigue and mental confusion
III. Prolonged deficiency of tocopherol reduces reproductive capacity in human being
IV. Gastrovascular cavity performs, i.e., both function digestion and distribution of nutrients
Choose the correct option accordingly

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

All statements are incorrect

Option A (All statements are incorrect) is the correct answer because all the statements contain inaccuracies regarding vitamins and their functions.

29 Hard

29 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Pyloric sphincter guards the opening between

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Stomach and duodenum

Option A (Stomach and duodenum) is correct because the pyloric sphincter controls the passage of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum.

30 Hard

30 of 73

Remembering +4 | -1

Incorrect match among the following is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

NADP - Co-factor that contains vitamin

\mathrm{B}_9

Option C (NADP - Co-factor that contains vitamin

\mathrm{B}_9

) is correct because NADP does not contain vitamin B9. Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is a precursor to tetrahydrofolate, which is a coenzyme involved in various metabolic processes.

Revision notes and key takeaways

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Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 73 single-correct-answer MCQs on DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION.
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