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JEE • PHYSICS • ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

Electric potential and capacitance practice · Hard

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Practice format and chapter quiz

These sets use single-correct-answer MCQs. They do not cover every JEE Main or JEE Advanced question format and are not full-length mock papers.

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1 Hard

1 of 12

Analyzing +4 | -1

Statement-1: If temperature is increased, the dielectric constant of a polar dielectric decreases whereas that of a non-polar dielectric does not change significantly.
Statement-2: The magniude of dipole moment of individual polar molecule decreases significantly with increase in temperature.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true

Option D (Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true) is correct because the dipole moment of individual polar molecules remains constant with temperature, but the dielectric constant of polar dielectrics decreases due to thermal agitation.

2 Hard

2 of 12

Remembering +4 | -1

The energy stored in a parallel plate capacitor can be treated as the energy of the electric field. The energy per unit volume, due to the electric field is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\frac{1}{2} \varepsilon_0 E^2

Option B (

\frac{1}{2} \varepsilon_0 E^2

) is correct because the energy density (energy per unit volume) of an electric field is given by this formula.

3 Hard

3 of 12

Understanding +4 | -1

Given below are two statements.
Statement I : Electric potential is constant within
and at the surface of each conductor.
Statement II : Electric field just outside a charged
conductor is perpendicular to the surface of the
conductor at every point.
In the light of the above statements, choose the
most appropriate answer from the options given
below.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Both statement I and statement II are correct

Option A is correct because electric potential is constant throughout a conductor, and the electric field is always perpendicular to the surface of a conductor.

4 Hard

4 of 12

Analyzing +4 | -1

Statement-1: The heat produced by a resistor in any time

t

during the charging of a capacitor in a series circuit is half the energy stored in the capacitor by that time.
Statement-2: Current in the circuit is equal to the rate of increase in charge on the capacitor.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true

Option D is correct because Statement-1 is false, and Statement-2 is true. The heat produced is not half the energy stored, and the current is indeed the rate of increase in charge.

5 Hard

5 of 12

Application +4 | -1

Consider the combination of two capacitors

{C_1}

and

{C_2},

with

{C_2}\, > {C_1},\,

when connected in parallel, the equivalent capacitance is

15/4

time the equivalent capacitance of the same connected in series. Calculate the ratio of capacitors

\frac{{{C_2}}}{{{C_1}}}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

None of the above

The correct answer is D (None of the above) because the calculated ratio results in a complex number, which is not among the provided options.

6 Hard

6 of 12

Analyzing +4 | -1

Statement-1: A dielectric is inserted between the plates of an isolated fully-charged capacitor. The dielectric completely fills the space between the plates. The magnitude of electrostatic force on either metal plate decreases, as it was before the insertion of dielectric medium.
Statement-2: Due to insertion of dielectric slab in an isolated parallel plate capacitor (the dielectric completely fills the space between the plates), the electrostatic potential energy of the capacitor decreases.

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Correct option: D

Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true

Option D is correct because inserting a dielectric into an isolated, charged capacitor does not change the charge but decreases the potential energy.

7 Hard

7 of 12

Understanding +4 | -1

A point charge

+ Q

is located at a distance of

'r'

from the centre of an uncharged conducting sphere of radius

R

. The electric potential of that sphere is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\frac{1}{{4\pi { \in _0}}}\frac{Q}{R}

Option A (

\frac{1}{{4\pi { \in _0}}}\frac{Q}{R}

) is correct because the potential of a conducting sphere is constant throughout and equal to the potential at its surface due to the external charge.

8 Hard

8 of 12

Application +4 | -1

If the distance between the plates of a capacitor is

\mathrm{d}

and potential difference is

\mathrm{V}

then what is the energy density between the plates?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\frac{1}{2} \varepsilon_0 \frac{\mathrm{V}^2}{\mathrm{~d}^2}

Option C (

\frac{1}{2} \varepsilon_0 \frac{\mathrm{V}^2}{\mathrm{~d}^2}

) is correct because it is the energy density expressed in terms of permittivity, potential difference, and distance.

9 Hard

9 of 12

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Electric potential on the surface of a charged sphere of radius

R

V

. Then electric field at a distance

r=\frac{R}{2}

from centre is

\frac{V}{2 R}

. Charge is distributed uniformly over the volume.

Reason (R) : From centre to surface, electric field varies linearly with

r

. Here,

r

is distance from centre.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

Option B (If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because both the electric field varying linearly with r and the electric field at r=R/2 being V/2R are true, but the linear variation doesn't directly explain the specific field value at R/2.

10 Hard

10 of 12

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A) : If we see along the axis of a charged ring, the magnitude of electric field is minimum at centre and magnitude of electric potential is maximum.

Reason (R): Electric field is a vector quantity while electric potential is scalar.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

Option B (If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct. The electric field is minimum (zero) and the electric potential is maximum at the center of a charged ring, and this is due to the vector nature of the electric field and scalar nature of the electric potential, but the reason isn't the direct explanation.

11 Hard

11 of 12

Analyzing +4 | -1

A parallel plate capacitor with plate area

A

and distance of separation

d

is filled with a dielectric. What is the capacity of the capacitor when permittivity of the dielectric varies as

\varepsilon \,(X) = {\varepsilon _0} + \,\,kx,

for

\left( {0 < x \le \frac{d}{2}} \right)

\varepsilon \,(X)\,\, = \,\,{\varepsilon _0} + k\,(d - x)

for

\left( {\frac{d}{2} \le x \le d} \right)

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\frac{{kA}}{{2\ln \left( {\frac{{2{\varepsilon _0} + kd}}{{2{\varepsilon _0}}}} \right)}}

Option D is the correct answer. The capacitance is calculated by integrating the inverse of the permittivity function over the distance between the plates, considering the varying permittivity.

12 Hard

12 of 12

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A): In the electric field

\mathbf{E}=(4 \hat{\mathbf{i}}+4 \hat{\mathbf{j}}) \mathrm{N} / \mathrm{C}

, electric potential at

A(4 \mathrm{~m}, 0)

is more than the electric potential at

B(0,4 \mathrm{~m})

.

Reason (R): Electric lines of forces always travel from higher potential to lower potential.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

If Assertion is false but the Reason is true.

Option D (If Assertion is false but the Reason is true) is correct because the potential at A and B are equal, and electric field lines travel from higher to lower potential.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

Key Takeaways

✓ This set contains 12 single-correct-answer MCQs on ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE.
✓ Try each question before opening its answer. Read the explanation where one is available.
✓ Sign in to save submitted answers. Revisit incorrect answers alongside your textbook or class notes.

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