Consider the following nucleophilic groups : $\text{I. } -\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{SO}_2-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5$ ${\text{II}}.\,\, - {\text{O}} - \mathop {\text{C}}\limits^{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\text{O}} \\ {||} \end{array}} - {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}$ $\text{III. }-{Cl}$ $\text{IV. }-\mathrm{OCH}_3$ What is the correct order of leaving power of the above nucleophilic substitution reaction?

$\text{I}>\text{III}>\text{II}>\text{IV}$

$\text{I}>\text{II}>\text{IV}>\text{III}$

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JEE • CHEMISTRY • ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES

Organic chemistry-some basic principles and techniques practice · Mixed difficulty

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271 Medium

271 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Kjeldahl's method is not applicable to compounds containing nitrogen in the form of nitro and azo groups and nitrogen present in the ring (e.g. pyridine).

Reason (R): Nitrogen of nitro and azo group containing compounds does not change to ammonium sulphate by Kjeldahl's method.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Both

\mathrm{A}

and

\mathrm{R}

are correct ;

\mathrm{R}

is the correct explanation of

A

Option A is correct because Kjeldahl's method is unsuitable for compounds with nitrogen in nitro, azo groups, or rings, as their nitrogen doesn't convert to ammonium sulfate.

272 Hard

272 of 345

Analyzing +4 | -1

The correct decreasing order of nucleo-philicity of the following species are -

(i)

\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_3 \mathrm{CO}^{\Theta}

(ii)

\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{O}^{\Theta}

(iii)

\left(\mathrm{CH}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{CHO}^{\Theta}

(iv)

\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{O}^{\Theta}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

(i)

>

(iii)

>

(iv)

>

(ii)

Option C (ii)

>

(iv)

>

(iii)

>

(i) is correct because it reflects the correct decreasing order of nucleophilicity based on steric hindrance and inductive effects.

273 Hard

273 of 345

Analyzing +4 | -1

Among the compounds

\text{(i) }\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{COOH},

\text{(ii) } \mathrm{CH}_2=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{COOH},

\text{(iii) }\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{COOH},

\text{(iv) }\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{OH}

The correct of acid strength is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

(i)

>

(ii)

>

(iii)

>

(iv)

Option A is correct because the acidity increases with the s-character of the carbon atom bonded to the carboxylic acid group.

274 Medium

274 of 345

Application +4 | -1

The conversion of propan-1-ol to n-butylamine involves the sequential addition of reagents. The correct sequential order of reagents is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

({\text{i}})\,\,SOC{l_2}\,\,({\text{ii}})\,\,KCN\,\,({\text{iii}}){H_2}/Ni,Na(Hg)/{C_2}{H_5}OH

Option A is correct because it outlines the sequential reactions to convert propan-1-ol to n-butylamine via chlorination, cyanation, and reduction.

275 Medium

275 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

Flourine cannot be tested by sodium fusion Lassaigne's test because

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

AgF

is soluble in water

Option B (

AgF

is soluble in water) is correct because the solubility of

AgF

in water prevents the formation of a precipitate, which is necessary for detection in the Lassaigne's test.

276 Easy

276 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

State of hybridization of carbon atom of carbene in the singlet state is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

s{p^2}

Option A (

s{p^2}

) is correct because the carbon atom in a singlet carbene has two sigma bonds and one lone pair, leading to

s{p^2}

hybridization.

277 Medium

277 of 345

Analyzing +4 | -1

How many isomeric vicinal-dihalides are possible for the compound having molecular formula

{C_3}{H_6}C{l_2}?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Option D is correct because only one structure is possible for vicinal dihalides of the given compound.

278 Medium

278 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is a false statement?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Carius method is used for the estimation of nitrogen in an organic compound

Option B (Carius method is used for the estimation of nitrogen in an organic compound) is correct because Carius method is used for sulfur estimation, while Kjeldahl's and Duma's methods are used for nitrogen.

279 Easy

279 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

The

+ I

effect of alkyl groups is the

th

order

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{3^0} > {2^0} > {1^0}

Option C is correct because the +I effect (inductive effect) increases with the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon atom, thus

{3^0} > {2^0} > {1^0}

280 Medium

280 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

A molecule having three different chiral carbon atoms, how many stereoisomers it will have?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A is correct because the number of stereoisomers is calculated using the formula

2^n

, where n is the number of chiral carbon atoms. In this case,

2^3 = 8

281 Hard

281 of 345

Application +4 | -1

An organic compound is found to have the formula

\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{ONCl}

. The percentage of nitrogen present in it is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

10.3 \%

Option B (10.3 %) is correct because it is calculated by dividing the mass of nitrogen by the molecular mass of the compound and multiplying by 100.

282 Medium

282 of 345

Remembering +4 | -1

Which colour precipitate is obtained by reaction of phosphate radical with ammonium molybdate

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Canary yellow

Option C (Canary yellow) is correct because phosphate ions react with ammonium molybdate in the presence of nitric acid to form a canary yellow precipitate of ammonium phosphomolybdate.

283 Medium

283 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is not an electrophile?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

{NH}_3

Option D (

{NH}_3

) is correct because it is a Lewis base and donates electrons, while electrophiles accept electrons.

284 Medium

284 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): A species having a carbon atom possessing sextext of electrons and a positive charge is called a carbocation.
Reason (R): A species having a carbon carrying a negative charge on carbon atom is called carbanion.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)

Option B (Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because both the assertion and reason are correct statements, but the reason does not explain the assertion.

285 Medium

285 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

A mixture of camphor and benzoic acid can be separated by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Chemical method

Option C (Sublimation) is correct because camphor sublimes while benzoic acid does not, allowing for their separation by heating the mixture and collecting the sublimed camphor.

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286 Medium

286 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is not a meta-directing substituent when present on the benzene ring?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

-\mathrm{NHCOCH}_3

Option A (

-\mathrm{NHCOCH}_3

) is correct because it is an ortho-para directing group due to resonance (+R effect), while the others are meta-directing due to electron-withdrawing inductive or resonance effects.

287 Medium

287 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

The IUPAC name of ethylidene chloride is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

1, 1-Dichloroethane

Option D (1, 1-Dichloroethane) is correct because ethylidene chloride has the structure CH3-CHCl2, which corresponds to 1,1-dichloroethane in IUPAC nomenclature.

288 Easy

288 of 345

Remembering +4 | -1

Mesomeric effect is due to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Delocalisation of

\pi

electrons

Option B is correct. The mesomeric effect is due to the delocalization of

\pi

electrons in a molecule.

289 Medium

289 of 345

Analyzing +4 | -1

Consider the following nucleophilic groups :

\text{I. } -\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{SO}_2-\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5

{\text{II}}.\,\, - {\text{O}} - \mathop {\text{C}}\limits^{\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} {\text{O}} \\ {||} \end{array}} - {\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}

\text{III. }-{Cl}

\text{IV. }-\mathrm{OCH}_3

What is the correct order of leaving power of the above nucleophilic substitution reaction?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\text{IV}>\text{III}>\text{II}>\text{I}

Option D (

\text{I}>\text{II}>\text{III}>\text{IV}

) is correct because the leaving group ability is related to the stability of the leaving group after it departs, with stronger acids being better leaving groups.

290 Hard

290 of 345

Analyzing +4 | -1

How many structural isomers are possible for

{C_6}{H_{14}}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Option A is correct because there are 5 structural isomers possible for the molecular formula

{C_6}{H_{14}}

291 Medium

291 of 345

Analyzing +4 | -1

The number of enantiomers of the compound

C{H_3}CH(Br)CH\left( {Br} \right)COOH

is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

The correct answer is 4 because the compound has two chiral centers, and since there is no plane of symmetry, the number of stereoisomers (enantiomers) is 2^n = 2² = 4.

292 Medium

292 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

Correct order of nucleophilicity is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathrm{F}^{-} < \mathrm{OH}^{-} < \mathrm{NH}_2^{-} < \mathrm{CH}_3^{-}

Option D (

\mathrm{F}^{-} < \mathrm{OH}^{-} < \mathrm{NH}_2^{-} < \mathrm{CH}_3^{-}

) is correct because nucleophilicity increases as electronegativity decreases.

293 Medium

293 of 345

Remembering +4 | -1

The weakest +M group of the given species is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

-\text{I}

Option C (-I) is correct because iodine has the least electron-donating ability among the given options due to its larger size and lower electronegativity.

294 Medium

294 of 345

Application +4 | -1

How many optically active forms are possible for a compound of the formula,

\mathrm{CHO}.\mathrm{CHOH}.\mathrm{CHOH}.\mathrm{CHOH}.\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{OH}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Option D (8) is correct because the number of optically active forms is calculated using the formula 2^n, where n is the number of chiral centers.

295 Medium

295 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

But-2-ene exhibits cis-trans-isomerism due to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

restricted rotation around

\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{C}

bond

Option B is correct because cis-trans isomerism (geometric isomerism) in alkenes arises due to the restricted rotation around the carbon-carbon double bond.

296 Medium

296 of 345

Remembering +4 | -1

Lassaigne’s test is used for detection of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Nitrogen, Sulphur, Phosphorous and halogens

Option B (Nitrogen, Sulphur, Phosphorous and halogens) is correct because Lassaigne's test is used to detect these elements in organic compounds.

297 Medium

297 of 345

Analyzing +4 | -1

Among the following the dissociation constant is highest for

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3} - \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CH}

Option C (

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3} - \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CH}

) is correct because it has the highest dissociation constant due to the acidic nature of the proton attached to the sp-hybridized carbon.

298 Easy

298 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

The IUPAC name of acryldehyde is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Prop-2-en-1-al

Option A (Prop-2-en-1-al) is correct because it accurately describes the structure of acrolein, with the aldehyde group at position 1 and the double bond between carbons 2 and 3.

299 Medium

299 of 345

Understanding +4 | -1

Total number of positional isomers for

\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_{12}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Zero

Option A (Zero) is correct because positional isomers require a minimum of 6 carbon atoms in an alkane.

300 Easy

300 of 345

Analyzing +4 | -1

Among the following the one which does not exhibit functional group isomerism is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{\mathrm{C}_4}{\mathrm{H}_{10}}

Option C (

{\mathrm{C}_4}{\mathrm{H}_{10}}

) is correct because alkanes do not exhibit functional group isomerism.

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Organic chemistry-some basic principles and techniques practice · Mixed difficulty

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