Alcohols & phenols & ethers practice · Mixed difficulty

Option D is correct because ethyl alcohol is commonly denatured by adding methanol (CH3OH) and pyridine to make it unfit for human consumption.

The correct answer is D (Matches) because glycerol is commonly used in cosmetics, explosives, and soaps, but it is not typically used in the production of matches.

Option D (Pyridinium chlorochromate) is correct because PCC is a mild oxidizing agent that selectively oxidizes alcohols to ketones without affecting alkenes.

Option D (No color) is correct because neopentyl alcohol is a primary alcohol with no alpha-hydrogen, and thus it does not react in the Victor Meyer's test to produce a characteristic color.

Option A (If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because aldehydes do indeed reduce to primary alcohols.

Option B is correct because the -OH group is an ortho-para directing group due to resonance effects, which increase electron density at those positions.

The correct answer is C (CH₃CHOHCH₂CH₃) because it's a secondary alcohol that gives a Lucas test in about 5 minutes and forms but-2-ene upon dehydration, which yields ethanal on ozonolysis.

Option A (Butyne-1, 4-diol) is correct because acetylene reacts with formaldehyde in the presence of copper acetylide to form Butyne-1,4-diol via ethinylation.

The correct answer is C (Solvent in preparing varnishes) because denatured spirit, primarily ethanol, is an effective solvent for resins and other components of varnishes.

Option B (Phenols) is correct because the phthalein test is a characteristic test for phenols.

Option C (Diethyl ether) is correct because ethers are generally unreactive towards nucleophilic attack due to the lack of a good leaving group and the electron-donating nature of the ether oxygen.

Option B ($\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{O}_2},\mathrm{\;HCl}$) is correct because ethanol reacts with thionyl chloride to produce ethyl chloride, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen chloride.

The correct answer is A (KI) because KI reduces peroxides in ethers to ethers and is oxidized to iodine.

Option A (Diastase, maltase and zymase) is correct because these enzymes sequentially catalyze the hydrolysis of starch to glucose and then the conversion of glucose to ethanol.

Option A ($\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{OH}$—$\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{OH}$) is correct because the reaction sequence involves ozonolysis of ethyne followed by reduction, leading to the formation of ethylene glycol.

Option A ($\mathrm{CH_3OH}$) is correct because methanol ($\mathrm{CH_3OH}$) is manufactured from water gas (CO + H2).

Option B (Emission of heat and contraction in volume) is correct because the dissolution of ethanol in water is an exothermic process with a decrease in volume.

The correct answer is C (If Assertion is True but the Reason is False) because benzamide is indeed a derivative of benzoic acid, but it is *more* resistant to hydrolysis than methyl benzoate due to resonance stabilization.

Option A (2-chloro-2-methylbutane) is correct because the reaction proceeds via a carbocation rearrangement to form a more stable tertiary carbocation, which then reacts with chloride ion.

Option A (Picric acid) is correct because picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) is a phenol and does not contain a carboxyl group (-COOH).

The correct answer is D (Chloral) because chlorine reacts with ethanol through a series of reactions to ultimately form chloral.

Option A (Oxidation, chlorination) is correct because in step-1, chlorine acts as an oxidizing agent, and in step-2, it acts as a chlorinating agent.

Option A (Both the statements are true) is correct because the +I effect of the 3° butyl group increases the electron density on the oxygen atom, making it more basic than methanol.

Option C (d < b < c < a) is correct because boiling point increases with increasing molecular weight and hydrogen bonding, and decreases with branching.

Option D (Reimer-Tiemann reaction) is correct because the reaction of phenol with chloroform in the presence of NaOH to form salicylaldehyde is the Reimer-Tiemann reaction.

Option D is correct. Dehydration of alcohols requires an acidic medium, and OH- is a poor leaving group.

Option C (${HI}>{HBr}>{HCl}$) is correct because the reactivity of hydrogen halides with alcohols increases as the halide ion becomes a better nucleophile.

Option B is correct because both the assertion and reason are correct statements, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion. HI cleaves the ether linkage to form phenol and methyl iodide, not chloromethane, and the reason explains the electron density but not the cleavage.

Option A (Exothermic) is correct because fermentation is a process that releases energy in the form of heat.

Option B ($o -$nitrophenol) is correct because it has intramolecular hydrogen bonding, which reduces intermolecular forces and lowers the boiling point.