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NEET • CHEMISTRY • STRUCTURE OF ATOM

Structure of atom practice · Mixed difficulty

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421 Medium

421 of 492

Application +4 | -1

If helium atom and hydrogen molecules are moving with the same velocity, their wavelength ratio will be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

1:2

Option B (

1:2

) is correct because the de Broglie wavelength is inversely proportional to the mass, and the mass of a helium atom is approximately twice that of a hydrogen molecule.

422 Hard

422 of 492

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following phenomena are not justified by wave nature of light?
(a) Line spectra of atoms with special reference to hydrogen
(b) Variation of heat capacity of solids as a function of temperature
(c) Photoelectric effect
(d) Black body radiation

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

(a), (b), (c) and (d)

Option D ((a), (b), (c) and (d)) is correct because all listed phenomena require the particle nature of light (or matter) for their explanation.

423 Easy

423 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

The atomic number of an element is derived from

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

number of protons

Option B (number of protons) is correct because the atomic number uniquely identifies an element and is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus.

424 Easy

424 of 492

Application +4 | -1

According to Bohr's theory, the angular momentum for an electron of 5th orbit is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\frac{{2.5h}}{\pi }

Option A (

\frac{{2.5h}}{\pi }

) is correct because according to Bohr's theory, angular momentum is quantized and given by

L = n\frac{h}{2\pi}

, where n is the orbit number.

425 Easy

425 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

Mass of an electron is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

9.1 \times {10^{ - 28}}\mathrm{g}

Option A is correct because the mass of an electron is approximately

9.1 \times {10^{ - 28}}\mathrm{g}

426 Medium

426 of 492

Understanding +4 | -1

If the electron of a hydrogen atom is present in the first orbit, the total energy of the electron is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\frac{{ - {e^2}}}{{2r}}

Option C (

\frac{{ - {e^2}}}{{2r}}

) is correct because the total energy of an electron in the first orbit of a hydrogen atom is given by this formula, where e is the electron charge and r is the radius of the orbit.

427 Hard

427 of 492

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: James Maxwell(1870) was the first to give a comprehensive explanation about the interaction between the charged bodies and the behaviour of electrical and magnetic fields on macroscopic level.

Reason: When electrically charged particle moves under acceleration, alternating electrical and magnetic fields are produced and transmitted in the form of waves.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

Option B is correct because both the Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.

428 Medium

428 of 492

Application +4 | -1

If the series limit of wavelength of the Lyman series for the hydrogen atom is 912 Å, then the series limit of wavelength for the Balmer series of the hydrogen atom is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

912×4 Å

Option C (912×4 Å) is correct because the series limit wavelength is inversely proportional to the square of the principal quantum number.

429 Medium

429 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

The incorrect statement according to Dalton's Atomic theory is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Atoms can be created in a chemical reaction

Option A (Atoms can be created in a chemical reaction) is the incorrect statement because Dalton's atomic theory states that atoms are indivisible and cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

430 Medium

430 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

For hydrogen like atom with a nuclear charge

Z

, the energy of orbital with principal quantum number '

n

' follows the relation

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

E_n \propto-\frac{Z^2}{n^2}

Option D (

E_n \propto-\frac{Z^2}{n^2}

) is correct because the energy of an electron in a hydrogen-like atom is directly proportional to

-Z^2

and inversely proportional to

n^2

431 Medium

431 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

The orientation of an atomic orbital is governed by:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Magnetic quantum number

Option A (Magnetic quantum number) is correct because the magnetic quantum number determines the spatial orientation of an orbital in space relative to a standard set of coordinate axes.

432 Easy

432 of 492

Application +4 | -1

The total number of fundamental particles in one atom of

\;_6^{14}\mathrm{C}

is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Option D (20) is correct because it represents the total number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the carbon atom.

433 Medium

433 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

In Stratosphere most of the ozone formation is assisted by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Ultraviolet radiations

Option C (Ultraviolet radiations) is correct because ultraviolet radiation provides the energy required to break down oxygen molecules, leading to ozone formation in the stratosphere.

434 Medium

434 of 492

Application +4 | -1

Which of the following ion will show colour in aqueous solution?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

T{i^{3 + }}(Z = 22)

Option B (

Ti^{3+}

) is correct because it has unpaired d-electrons, allowing for d-d transitions and thus color in aqueous solution.

435 Hard

435 of 492

Understanding +4 | -1

Consider the following statements about wave function?

I. When an electron is in energy state, the wave function corresponds to that energy state, which contains all information about the electron.

II. It is a mathematical function whose value depends upon the coordinates of the electron in the atom and does not carry any physical meaning.

III. Wave functions of hydrogen or hydrogen like species with one electron are called atomic orbitals.

IV. Wave functions pertaining to one-electron species are called one-electron systems.

The correct statements are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of these

Option D (All of these) is correct because all four statements accurately describe wave functions.

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436 Hard

436 of 492

Application +4 | -1

What is the angular speed of an electron revolving in the third orbit of

\mathrm{He}^{+}

ion?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

6.12 \times 10^{15} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}

Option A (

6.12 \times 10^{15} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}

) is correct because it is the calculated angular speed using the Bohr model and the given parameters.

437 Medium

437 of 492

Application +4 | -1

Among the following groupings which represents the collection of iso electronic species

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

CO,N{O^ + },\,C{N^ - },\,C_2^{2 - }

Option C (

CO,N{O^ + },\,C{N^ - },\,C_2^{2 - }

) is correct because all species have 14 electrons.

438 Easy

438 of 492

Application +4 | -1

An atom emits energy equal to

4 \times {10^{ - 12}}\mathrm{erg}.

. To which part of electromagnetic spectrum it belongs?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Visible region

Option B is correct. An energy of 4 × 10^-12 erg corresponds to wavelengths in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

439 Hard

439 of 492

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion (A): For a given principal quantum number,

s, p, d, f . .

, subshells, all have different energies.
Reason (R): Mutual repulsion exists among the electrons in a multielectron atoms.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Both Assertion and Reason are correct; Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A is correct because both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains why subshells have different energies for a given principal quantum number.

440 Easy

440 of 492

Analyzing +4 | -1

Statement I : Chemical properties of atoms are controlled by the number of protons, which are determined by the number of electrons in the valence shell.
Statement II : The number of proton is equal to the number of electron in an electrically neutral atom

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Statement II is correct but Statement I is incorrect

Statement II is correct because in an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons. Statement I is incorrect because chemical properties are primarily determined by the number of electrons in the valence shell, not the number of protons directly.

441 Hard

441 of 492

Understanding +4 | -1

If the alpha-particles are projected against the following atoms

{Fe}, {Be}, {Mg}, {Al}

then increasing order in which the alpha-particle feel repulsion will be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

{Be}, {Mg}, {Al}, {Fe}

Option A (Be, Mg, Al, Fe) is correct because the repulsion felt by an alpha particle is directly proportional to the nuclear charge (atomic number) of the atom it approaches.

442 Easy

442 of 492

Application +4 | -1

The total number of electrons present in all the ‘s’ orbitals, all the ‘p’ orbitals and all the ‘d’ orbitals of cesium ion are respectively

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

10, 24, 20

Option B (10, 24, 20) is correct because Cesium ion (Cs⁺) has the electronic configuration [Xe], which means it has 10 s-electrons, 24 p-electrons, and 20 d-electrons.

443 Easy

443 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following is the correct form of Schrodinger wave equation?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\frac{{{\partial ^2}\mathrm{\Psi }}}{{\partial {x^2}}} + \frac{{{\partial ^2}\mathrm{\Psi }}}{{\partial {y^2}}} + \frac{{{\partial ^2}\mathrm{\Psi }}}{{\partial {z^2}}} + \frac{{8{\mathrm{\pi }^2}\mathrm{m}}}{{{h^2}}}\left( {E - V} \right)\mathrm{\Psi } = 0

Option B (

\frac{{{\partial ^2}\mathrm{\Psi }}}{{\partial {x^2}}} + \frac{{{\partial ^2}\mathrm{\Psi }}}{{\partial {y^2}}} + \frac{{{\partial ^2}\mathrm{\Psi }}}{{\partial {z^2}}} + \frac{{8{\mathrm{\pi }^2}\mathrm{m}}}{{{h^2}}}\left( {E - V} \right)\mathrm{\Psi } = 0

) is correct because it represents the time-independent Schrödinger equation in three dimensions.

444 Easy

444 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

Which of the following is Heisenberg uncertainty principle?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\Delta x.\Delta p \ge \frac{h}{{4\mathrm{\pi }}}

Option A (

\Delta x.\Delta p \ge \frac{h}{{{{4\mathrm{\pi }}}}}

) is correct because it represents the mathematical expression of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, stating that the product of the uncertainties in position and momentum must be greater than or equal to

\frac{h}{{{{4{\pi }}}}}

445 Medium

445 of 492

Application +4 | -1

Suppose a completely filled or half filled set of p or d-orbitals is spherically symmetrical. Point out the species, which is spherical symmetrical?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

C{l^ - }

Option C (

Cl^-

) is correct because it has a completely filled p-orbital configuration, resulting in spherical symmetry.

446 Easy

446 of 492

Remembering +4 | -1

The number of waves in an orbit are

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

n

Option B (

n

) is correct because the number of waves in an orbit is equal to the principal quantum number

n

447 Hard

447 of 492

Application +4 | -1

When electronic transition occurs from higher energy state to a lower energy state with energy difference equal to

\Delta E

expressed in electron volts, the wavelength of line emitted is approximately equal to:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Either of these

Option D (Either of these) is correct because the given expression and its variations are all valid representations of the relationship between energy difference and wavelength.

448 Easy

448 of 492

Understanding +4 | -1

A quanta will have more energy, if :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

The frequency is higher

Option B (The frequency is higher) is correct because the energy of a quantum (photon) is directly proportional to its frequency, as described by the equation E = hf.

449 Easy

449 of 492

Understanding +4 | -1

Wave mechanical model of the atom depends upon:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of the above

Option C (

\frac{{ - {e^2}}}{{2r}}

) is correct because the total energy of an electron in the first orbit of a hydrogen atom is given by this formula, where 'e' is the electron charge and 'r' is the radius of the orbit.

450 Easy

450 of 492

Understanding +4 | -1

The number of neutrons present in

{\mathrm{\;}_{19}}{\mathrm{K}^{39}}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Option C (20) is correct because the number of neutrons is calculated by subtracting the atomic number (number of protons) from the mass number: 39 - 19 = 20.

Revision notes and key takeaways

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