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NEET • CHEMISTRY • CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Chemical bonding & molecular structure practice · Mixed difficulty

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151 Easy

151 of 579

Application +4 | -1

If the ionic radii of

{\mathrm{K}^ + }

and

{\mathrm{F}^ - }

are about 1.34 Å each, then the expected values of atomic radii of

\mathrm{K}

and

\mathrm{F}

should be respectively:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

2.31\,and\,\,0.64\,{A^0}

Option B (

2.31\,and\,\,0.64\,{A^0}

) is correct because a potassium atom is larger than its ion

{\mathrm{K}^ + }

due to the loss of an electron, and a fluorine atom is smaller than its ion

{\mathrm{F}^ - }

due to the gain of an electron.

152 Medium

152 of 579

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following has lowest boiling point?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{CuC}{\mathrm{l}_2}

Option C (

\mathrm{CuC}{\mathrm{l}_2}

) is correct because it has more covalent character due to higher polarization of the anion by the cation, leading to lower boiling point.

153 Easy

153 of 579

Remembering +4 | -1

According to Fajan’s rule polarization is more when:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Small cation and large anion

Option A (Small cation and large anion) is correct because according to Fajan's rule, polarization is favored by a small, highly charged cation and a large, highly charged anion.

154 Hard

154 of 579

Application +4 | -1

What is the bond order in

PO_4^{ - 3}

ion?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

1.25

Option C (1.25) is correct because the bond order in

PO_4^{ - 3}

is calculated by considering the resonance structures and is equal to 5/4 = 1.25.

155 Medium

155 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

An example of a polar covalent compound is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

HCl

Option D (

HCl

) is correct because there is a significant difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and chlorine, leading to a polar covalent bond.

156 Medium

156 of 579

Remembering +4 | -1

Lewis pictured the atom in terms of kernel and the outermost shell that could accommodate a maximum of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

8 electrons

Option C is correct because Lewis's theory suggested that atoms achieve stability by having 8 electrons in their outermost shell (octet rule).

157 Hard

157 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following shows minimum bond angle?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{Te}

Option D (

{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{Te}

) is correct because as the size of the central atom increases down the group, the bond angle decreases due to decreased bond pair-bond pair repulsion.

158 Medium

158 of 579

Remembering +4 | -1

\pi

-bond is formed by sideways overlapping of:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

p - p

orbitals

Option B is correct because

\pi

-bonds are formed by the sideways (lateral) overlapping of p-p orbitals.

159 Easy

159 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

Which is not true in case of ionic bond?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

It is linear bond

Option A (It is linear bond) is not true because ionic bonds are non-directional, not linear.

160 Hard

160 of 579

Analyzing +4 | -1

In which of the following arrangements the sequence is not strictly according to the property written against it?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_3} < P{\mathrm{H}_3} < As{\mathrm{H}_3} < Sb{\mathrm{H}_3}

: increasing basic strength

Option B is correct because basic strength decreases down the group for hydrides due to decreasing bond dissociation energy and increasing size of the central atom.

161 Medium

161 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

H

-bonding is not present in:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{S}

Option C (H2S) is correct because sulfur is not electronegative enough to form strong hydrogen bonds.

162 Medium

162 of 579

Remembering +4 | -1

The geometry of

\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{F}_5}

molecule is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Trigonal bipyramidal

Option C (Trigonal bipyramidal) is correct because

\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{F}_5}

has five bonding pairs and no lone pairs around the central phosphorus atom, resulting in a trigonal bipyramidal geometry.

163 Easy

163 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

Which molecule has the largest dipole moment?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

HF

Option A is correct because HF has the largest electronegativity difference between hydrogen and the halogen, leading to the greatest dipole moment.

164 Medium

164 of 579

Application +4 | -1

Hybridization state of I in

\mathrm{ICl}_2^ +

is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

s{p^3}

Option D (

s{p^3}

) is correct because the central iodine atom in

ICl_2^+

has two bond pairs and two lone pairs, resulting in a steric number of 4 and

sp^3

hybridization.

165 Easy

165 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

Which does not show hydrogen bonding?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Liquid

\mathrm{HBr}

Option D (Liquid HBr) is correct because HBr does not form strong hydrogen bonds due to the low electronegativity of Br compared to F, O, and N.

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166 Medium

166 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

Shape of molecules is decided by:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Sigma bond

Option A (Sigma bond) is correct because the arrangement of sigma bonds determines the basic shape of a molecule.

167 Easy

167 of 579

Analyzing +4 | -1

In the following which central atom has different hybridisation than others

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

S{O_2}

Option A (

Cl{O_2}

) is correct because Cl in

ClO_2

has

sp^3

hybridization, while O in

OF_2

, O in

H_2O

, and S in

SO_2

are also

sp^3

hybridized. However,

SO_2

can also be described as

sp^2

hybridized with resonance.

168 Medium

168 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

For which of the following hybridization the bond angle is maximum?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

sp

Option B (

sp

) is correct because

sp

hybridization results in a linear geometry with a bond angle of 180°, which is the maximum among the given options.

169 Medium

169 of 579

Remembering +4 | -1

d

-orbital involved in

s p^3 d

hybridized orbitals is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

d_{z^2}

Option D (

d_{z^2}

) is correct because it is the d-orbital that participates in

sp^3d

hybridization to form the required geometry.

170 Hard

170 of 579

Remembering +4 | -1

Maximum number of covalent bonds between two like atoms can be:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Three

Option A is correct because two like atoms can form a maximum of three covalent bonds (one sigma and two pi bonds), as seen in molecules like N₂.

171 Medium

171 of 579

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following has the minimum bond length?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{O}_2^ +

Option B (

{\mathrm{O}_2^ + }

) is correct because it has the highest bond order (2.5) among the given species, leading to the shortest bond length.

172 Easy

172 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

Solid NaCl is a bad conductor of electricity because:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

In solid NaCl there is no velocity of ions

Option C (In solid NaCl there is no velocity of ions) is correct because in solid NaCl, ions are held in fixed positions within the crystal lattice and cannot move freely to conduct electricity.

173 Medium

173 of 579

Application +4 | -1

An element

X

has

3

electrons in

p

-orbitals and also belongs to

III

period. Its molecular formula should be:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{X_4}

Option C (

{X_4}

) is correct because an element with 3 electrons in the p-orbitals of the third period is phosphorus, which exists as a tetrahedral

P_4

molecule.

174 Easy

174 of 579

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which is correct statement:
As the

s

-character of a hybrid orbital decreases.
i. The bond angle decreases
ii. The electronegativity increases
iii. The bond length increases
iv. Size of orbitals increases

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

i, iii, iv

Option A (i, iii, iv) is correct because as s-character decreases, the bond angle decreases, the bond length increases, and the size of the orbital increases.

175 Medium

175 of 579

Application +4 | -1

A certain diatomic molecule,

A B

has dipole moment 1.6 D and the internuclear distance is

100 \mathrm{pm}

. The percentage of electronic charge existing on more electronegative atom is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

33 \%

Option A (

33 \%

) is correct because it represents the approximate percentage of electronic charge calculated from the dipole moment and internuclear distance.

176 Medium

176 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

When ionic compounds get dissolved in water:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All are correct

Option D (All are correct) is correct because dissolution of ionic compounds in water involves heat changes, reduction of inter-ionic attraction, and dipole-ion attraction.

177 Medium

177 of 579

Analyzing +4 | -1

A molecule which cannot exist theoretically is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{O}{\mathrm{F}_4}

Option C (

\mathrm{O}{\mathrm{F}_4}

) is correct because oxygen cannot expand its octet to accommodate four fluorine atoms.

178 Easy

178 of 579

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following has the highest ionic character

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

CsCl

Option D (

CsCl

) is correct because ionic character increases with increasing difference in electronegativity, and Cesium (Cs) has the lowest electronegativity among the given metals.

179 Medium

179 of 579

Application +4 | -1

Which among the following has highest bond order?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

N{O^ + }

Option B (

N{O^ + }

) is correct because it has the highest number of electrons in bonding orbitals compared to antibonding orbitals, resulting in a bond order of 3.

180 Hard

180 of 579

Analyzing +4 | -1

Barium ions,

\mathrm{CN}^{-}

and

\mathrm{Co}^{+2}

form an ionic complex. If this complex is

75 \%

ionized in aqueous solution with Vant Hoff factor(i) equal to four and paramagnetic moment is found to be

1.73 \mathrm{BM}

(due to spin only) then hybridization state of

\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{II})

in the complex will be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathrm{dsp}^3

Option D (

\mathrm{dsp}^3

) is correct because the complex is paramagnetic with one unpaired electron and

75\%

ionized, leading to a tetrahedral geometry with

\mathrm{dsp}^3

hybridization.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

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