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NEET • BIOLOGY • PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Plant growth and development practice · Hard
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1
Hard
1 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
Heterophyllous aquatic plant of the following is?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Butter cup
Option D (Butter cup) is correct because buttercup is a heterophyllous aquatic plant, exhibiting different leaf forms when submerged in water compared to when growing on land.
2
Hard
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Understanding
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In tissue culture experiments, leaf mesophyll cells are put in a culture medium to form callus. This
phenomenon may be called as
phenomenon may be called as
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Dedifferentiation
Option D (Dedifferentiation) is correct because it describes the process where specialized cells like mesophyll cells revert to an unspecialized state to form callus.
3
Hard
3 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
is the expression of exponential growth, in which “r” denotes?
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Correct option: C
Relative growth rate
Option C (Relative growth rate) is correct because in the exponential growth equation, 'r' denotes the relative growth rate.
4
Hard
4 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Assertion (A): A sigmoid curve is a characteristic of living organism growing in a natural environment.
Reason (R): It is typical for all cells, tissues and organs of a plant.
Reason (R): It is typical for all cells, tissues and organs of a plant.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
Option A (Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because the sigmoid curve represents the typical growth pattern of living organisms due to limited resources, and this applies to cells, tissues, and organs.
5
Hard
5 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Which is NOT true regarding hormones?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Seed germination in Barley : ABA
Option D (Seed germination in Barley : ABA) is correct because ABA inhibits seed germination, while gibberellins promote it.
6
Hard
6 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
____, lies the portion of axis which is undergoing phase of maturation.
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Correct option: C
Phase of elongation
Option C (Phase of elongation) is correct because the maturation phase occurs after the elongation phase in the root axis.
7
Hard
7 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Which one increases in the absence of light?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Elongation of internodes
Option C (Elongation of internodes) is correct because in the absence of light, plants may undergo etiolation, resulting in elongated internodes.
8
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Remembering
+4 | -1
Cytokinins
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Helps retaining chlorophyll
Option D (Helps retaining chlorophyll) is correct because cytokinins delay senescence and thus help in retaining chlorophyll.
9
Hard
9 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Consider the following statements and select the correct option stating which one is true (T) and which one is false (F)
i) Vernalisation can help in shortening the juvenile or vegetative period of plant and bring early flowering.
ii) Phytochrome is a pigment protein complex which exists in two inter convertible forms , and
iii) Sugar beet flowers after getting the inductive cycle of long dark periods and short photoperiods.
iv) 2, 4-D acts as weedicide to remove broad leaved weeds.
v) Auxins promote growth of lateral buds whereas cytokinins inhibit it
i) Vernalisation can help in shortening the juvenile or vegetative period of plant and bring early flowering.
ii) Phytochrome is a pigment protein complex which exists in two inter convertible forms , and
iii) Sugar beet flowers after getting the inductive cycle of long dark periods and short photoperiods.
iv) 2, 4-D acts as weedicide to remove broad leaved weeds.
v) Auxins promote growth of lateral buds whereas cytokinins inhibit it
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
i - T, ii - T, iii - T, iv - T, v - F
The correct answer is D (i - T, ii - T, iii - F, iv - T, v - F) because statements i, ii, and iv are true, while statements iii and v are false.
10
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10 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Which of the following is not characteristic of changes associated with winter dormancy in many species of temperate plants?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Decrease in solute concentration of sap
The correct answer is C (Decrease in solute concentration of sap) because during winter dormancy, plants typically increase solute concentration in their sap to lower the freezing point and prevent ice crystal formation.
11
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Analyzing
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The following experiment was performed to test the effect of auxin on the plant growth. Five
plant seedlings (all growing actively) were prepared as below; they were unilaterally
illuminated, and growth was measured after 10 days.
Treatments:
Plant A : Tip not removed, nothing applied
Plant B : Tip removed, nothing applied
Plant C : Tip removed, gelatin block with cytokinin was placed on the cut edge
Plant D : Tip removed gelatin block with auxin placed on the cut edge
Which of the following plants would show curvature after the above treatment?
plant seedlings (all growing actively) were prepared as below; they were unilaterally
illuminated, and growth was measured after 10 days.
Treatments:
Plant A : Tip not removed, nothing applied
Plant B : Tip removed, nothing applied
Plant C : Tip removed, gelatin block with cytokinin was placed on the cut edge
Plant D : Tip removed gelatin block with auxin placed on the cut edge
Which of the following plants would show curvature after the above treatment?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
A and D
The correct answer is B (A and D) because Plant A (intact tip) will curve due to natural auxin production and Plant D (tip removed, auxin applied) will curve due to the applied auxin.
12
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12 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
All gibberellins are
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Acidic
Option B (Acidic) is correct because all gibberellins are acidic in nature.
13
Hard
13 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
Identify the meristems that cause increase in girth are
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Cork cambium and vascular cambium
Option D (Cork cambium and vascular cambium) is correct because these meristems are responsible for secondary growth, which increases the girth of the plant.
14
Hard
14 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Assertion (A): Swelling of piece of wood when placed in water is not a growth.
Reason (R): Swelling of piece of wood when placed in water is an imbibition.
Reason (R): Swelling of piece of wood when placed in water is an imbibition.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
Option B (Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because swelling due to imbibition is not growth, but the reason is that growth involves irreversible increase in protoplasm and size, not just water uptake.
15
Hard
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Understanding
+4 | -1
Senescence as an active developmental cellular process in the growth and functioning of a flowering plant, is indicated in
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Leaf Abscission
Option B (Leaf Abscission ) is correct because senescence leads to the formation of the abscission layer, causing leaf fall.
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16
Hard
16 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
The gaseous plant growth regulator is used in plants to:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
promote root growth and roothair formation to increase the absorption surface
Option C (promote root growth and roothair formation to increase the absorption surface) is correct because ethylene promotes root growth and root hair formation.
17
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17 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
Primary growth of plants is contributed by
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All of these
Option D (All of these) is correct because primary growth in plants is contributed by root apical meristem, shoot apical meristem, and intercalary meristem.
18
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Understanding
+4 | -1
Assertion (A): Flowering in plants depends only on a combination of light and dark exposure.
Reason (R): Flowering is not dependent on relative duration of light and dark hours.
Reason (R): Flowering is not dependent on relative duration of light and dark hours.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both (A) and (R) are false
The correct answer is D (Both (A) and (R) are false) because flowering in plants depends on a combination of light and dark exposure AND the relative duration of light and dark hours is crucial for many plants (short-day and long-day plants).
19
Hard
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Understanding
+4 | -1
Auxin regulates cell growth by
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Altering the plasticity of cell walls
Option B (Altering the plasticity of cell walls) is correct because auxin increases cell wall plasticity, allowing for cell expansion and growth.
20
Hard
20 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
Adaptive heterophylly is found in
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Limnophila heterophylla
Option A (Limnophila heterophylla) is correct because it is a well-known example of a plant exhibiting adaptive heterophylly.
21
Hard
21 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
Which plant hormone induces the phenomenon of phototropism in plants?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Auxins
Option A (Auxins) is correct because auxins are responsible for phototropism, the bending of plants towards light.
22
Hard
22 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Auxin causes cells to absorb water from hypertonic media because:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
It increases rate of cellular respiration causing more production of ATP molecules thus facilitating active water absorption
The correct answer is B (It increases rate of cellular respiration causing more production of ATP molecules thus facilitating active water absorption) because auxin promotes cell growth, which requires energy in the form of ATP, leading to increased water absorption to maintain turgor.
23
Hard
23 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
Heterophylly shown by the following plants is the best example for plasticity.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Larkspur and Buttercup
Option A (Larkspur and Buttercup) is correct because Larkspur and Buttercup are known examples of plants exhibiting heterophylly as a form of plasticity.
24
Hard
24 of 50
Analyzing
+4 | -1
Assertion (A): Plant growth is intimately linked to the water status of the plant while development is not.
Reason (R): The plant cells grow in size by cell enlargement which in turn requires water.
Reason (R): The plant cells grow in size by cell enlargement which in turn requires water.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both (A) and (R) are false
The correct answer is D (Both (A) and (R) are false) because both plant growth and development are linked to water status, and the reason is a correct explanation for growth but not for development.
25
Hard
25 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
Which one of the following plants does not show plasticity?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Maize
Option A (Maize) is correct because maize does not typically exhibit plasticity, meaning it doesn't significantly alter its morphology in response to environmental conditions.
26
Hard
26 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Which of the following is wrong about ethylene?
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Correct option: A
Inhibit growth of root
Option A (Inhibit growth of root) is correct because ethylene generally promotes root growth and root hair formation, not inhibition.
27
Hard
27 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
Assertion (A): Environmental signals such as light and gravity also affect certain phases or stages of growth.
Reason (R): Gravity and light leads to differential auxin concentration which is responsible for differential growth.
Reason (R): Gravity and light leads to differential auxin concentration which is responsible for differential growth.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
Option A is correct because environmental signals like light and gravity do affect growth phases, and this is often mediated by differential auxin concentration.
28
Hard
28 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
The phenomenon of elongation of stem in the plants with rosette habit is known as?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Bolting
Option B (Bolting) is correct because bolting is the elongation of the stem in plants with a rosette habit.
29
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29 of 50
Understanding
+4 | -1
If a part of pith from the stem of a plant is used as an explant and cultured on nutrient medium, which of the following process is responsible for the formation of an undifferentiated mass of cells called callus?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Dedifferentiation
Option C (Dedifferentiation) is correct because it refers to the process where differentiated cells revert to an undifferentiated state, forming callus.
30
Hard
30 of 50
Remembering
+4 | -1
Which one of the following hormone is used to eradicate dicotyledonous weeds, but does not have its effect on mature monocotyledonous plants?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
2, 4 – D
Option A (2, 4 – D) is correct because 2,4-D is a synthetic auxin that is selectively toxic to dicotyledonous plants, making it useful as a herbicide.
Revision notes and key takeaways
Review PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.
Key Takeaways
- ✓ This set contains 50 single-correct-answer MCQs on PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT.
- ✓ Try each question before opening its answer. Read the explanation where one is available.
- ✓ Sign in to save submitted answers. Revisit incorrect answers alongside your textbook or class notes.
Showing 1-30 of 50 questions