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NEET • BIOLOGY • EVOLUTION
Evolution practice · Hard
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1
Hard
1 of 92
Remembering
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Which of the following is the unit of evolution?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Population
Option C is correct because evolution occurs at the population level, not at the level of individual organisms.
2
Hard
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Understanding
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Assertion: The modern horse evolved during
pliocene epoch.
Reason: It arose from eohippus.
pliocene epoch.
Reason: It arose from eohippus.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
If both Assertion and Reason are false
Option D (If both Assertion and Reason are false) is correct because the modern horse evolved during the Pleistocene epoch, not the Pliocene, and it evolved from a series of ancestors, not directly from Eohippus.
3
Hard
3 of 92
Remembering
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What is the important example of genetic drift?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Both 1 and 2
Option C (Both 1 and 2) is correct because both the founder effect and bottleneck effect are important examples of genetic drift.
4
Hard
4 of 92
Understanding
+4 | -1
Read the following three statements (a) – (c) and mark the correct option.
(a) The thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils in cucurbita represent divergent evolution.
(b) The similarity in the eyes of octopus and monkeys is the result of convergent evolution.
(c) The potato and sweet potato are the examples of homology.
(a) The thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils in cucurbita represent divergent evolution.
(b) The similarity in the eyes of octopus and monkeys is the result of convergent evolution.
(c) The potato and sweet potato are the examples of homology.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
(a) and (b)
Option A ((a) and (b)) is correct because thorns and tendrils are homologous, and octopus and monkey eyes are analogous.
5
Hard
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Analyzing
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Assertion : Cro-magnon man has more
intelligence than the man of present time.
Reason : He is regarded as most recent ancestor
of today's man.
intelligence than the man of present time.
Reason : He is regarded as most recent ancestor
of today's man.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason
is not the correct explanation of Assertion
is not the correct explanation of Assertion
Option B is correct. While Cro-Magnon man was intelligent and is a recent ancestor, there's no definitive evidence they were *more* intelligent than modern humans, and ancestry doesn't directly equate to intelligence.
6
Hard
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Remembering
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The first life form originated
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
In water
Option C (In water) is correct because the first life forms are believed to have originated in aquatic environments.
7
Hard
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Understanding
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Genetic erosion is due to
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All the above
Option D (All the above) is correct because deforestation, shifting cultivation, and adopting genetically uniform varieties all contribute to the loss of genetic diversity, which is genetic erosion.
8
Hard
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Understanding
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Which one of the following is the example of evolution by anthropogenic action :
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Antibiotics resistance microbes
Option A (Antibiotics resistance microbes) is correct because the development of antibiotic resistance in microbes is a direct result of human use of antibiotics, which is an anthropogenic action.
9
Hard
9 of 92
Application
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If a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has homozygous individuals with a recessive allele ' ' then the frequencies for given genotypes would be
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
AA - Aa
Option A (AA - Aa ) is correct because it is calculated using the Hardy-Weinberg equation, where q2 is 0.16, q is 0.4, p is 0.6, p2 is 0.36, and 2pq is 0.48.
10
Hard
10 of 92
Remembering
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The first formed organism (riboorganism) used only _____ for catalysing reactions.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
RNA
Option D (RNA) is correct because RNA is believed to have been the primary genetic material and catalytic molecule in early life forms.
11
Hard
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Remembering
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The finch species of the Galapagos Islands are grouped according to their food sources. Which of the following is not a finch food source?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Decaying flesh
Option B (Decaying flesh) is correct because Darwin's finches are primarily known for feeding on seeds, insects, and tree buds, but not decaying flesh.
12
Hard
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Understanding
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Which of the following statements are correct? I. Directional selection favours one extreme form over the other extreme and over intermediate forms of a trait, II. Stabilising selection favours the intermediate forms of a trait, III. Disruptive selection favours both the extreme forms of a trait, IV. Fossils are the remnants of hard parts of life forms present in rocks, V. A study of fossils in different sedimentary layers indicates the geological period in which they live, VI. Radio isotopes are often used to determine the age of the fossils, VII. Study of fossils is called Palaeontology, VIII. Most fossils are found in sedimentary rocks, IX. The unit of evolution is population.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
All except IV, V and II
Option A is correct because statements IV, V, and II are incorrect regarding fossils, geological periods, and stabilizing selection.
13
Hard
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Understanding
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Assertion : The earliest fossil form in the
phylogeny of horse is eohippus.
Reason : Eohippus lived during the early
pliocene epoch.
phylogeny of horse is eohippus.
Reason : Eohippus lived during the early
pliocene epoch.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
If Assertion is true but Reason is false
Option C (If Assertion is true but Reason is false) is correct because Eohippus is indeed the earliest fossil form in the phylogeny of the horse, but it lived during the Eocene epoch, not the Pliocene.
14
Hard
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Remembering
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The different varieties of pigeon like Pouter, Jacobin,
Fantail are the examples of
Fantail are the examples of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Artificial selection
Option B is correct because the different varieties of pigeons are a result of artificial selection by humans.
15
Hard
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Understanding
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Assertion: Those who are better fit in environment, leave more progeny than other.
Reason: More reproducing organism will servive more and hence are selected by nature.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Reason: More reproducing organism will servive more and hence are selected by nature.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
Option D (Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)) is correct because the reason accurately explains why better-fit organisms leave more progeny.
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16
Hard
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Analyzing
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[A]: Mimics are always or more often defenceless.
[R]: Mimics are always less in number than the model individuals.
[R]: Mimics are always less in number than the model individuals.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
Option B is correct. Mimics are often defenseless and less numerous than their models, but the number of mimics doesn't explain their defenselessness.
17
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[A]: Man's most characteristic feature in which it differs from all its primate relatives is his large brain and high intelligence.
[R]: A lumbar curve is absent in man which is present in apes.
[R]: A lumbar curve is absent in man which is present in apes.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
A is true but R is false
Option C is correct. While a large brain and high intelligence are characteristic of humans, the absence of a lumbar curve is false; humans *do* have a lumbar curve.
18
Hard
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Remembering
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Neanderthal man had a brain size of :
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
.
Option C (.) is correct because the Neanderthal man had a brain size of approximately 1400 cc.
19
Hard
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Remembering
+4 | -1
Flowering plants (angiosperms) appeared in which of the following period?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Cretaceous
Option A (Cretaceous) is correct because angiosperms (flowering plants) first appeared and diversified during the Cretaceous period.
20
Hard
20 of 92
Remembering
+4 | -1
What was the reason of mass extinction during mesozoic era?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Due to meteorite falling on earth
Option A (Due to meteorite falling on earth) is correct because a large meteorite impact is widely believed to have caused the mass extinction at the end of the Mesozoic era.
21
Hard
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Understanding
+4 | -1
The chronological order of human evolution from first human - like being the hominid is possibly
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Homo habilis Home erectus Neanderthal man Homo sapiens
Option C (Homo habilis Home erectus Neanderthal man Homo sapiens) is the correct chronological order of human evolution.
22
Hard
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Understanding
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Convergent evolution is illustrated by
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Dogfish and whale
Option A (Dogfish and whale) is correct because they are distantly related but have evolved similar body shapes due to similar aquatic environments.
23
Hard
23 of 92
Remembering
+4 | -1
Which scientist are contributed in modern
synthetic theory of evolution:
synthetic theory of evolution:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All
Option D is correct because Hugo de Vries, Hardy and Weinberg, and Ernst Mayr all contributed to the modern synthetic theory of evolution.
24
Hard
24 of 92
Analyzing
+4 | -1
Homo sapiens arose in Africa and moved across continent and developed into distinct races
A. The greatest number of different mitochondrial DNA sequences occurs among modern Africa.
B. Variations are maximum in the mitochondrial DNA of Asians than Africans.
C. Mitochondrial DNA does not show mutation, so any variation cannot be easily traced in family tree.
Choose the correct option which support it.
A. The greatest number of different mitochondrial DNA sequences occurs among modern Africa.
B. Variations are maximum in the mitochondrial DNA of Asians than Africans.
C. Mitochondrial DNA does not show mutation, so any variation cannot be easily traced in family tree.
Choose the correct option which support it.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
A only
Option A is correct. The greatest number of different mitochondrial DNA sequences occurs among modern Africans, supporting the "Out of Africa" theory.
25
Hard
25 of 92
Understanding
+4 | -1
Directional selection favours
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
One extreme from over the other extreme from over intermediate from of a trait
Option A (One extreme from over the other extreme from over intermediate from of a trait) is correct because directional selection shifts the population towards one extreme phenotype.
26
Hard
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Understanding
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[A]: In some organisms the end stages of the ancestral development pattern are dropped, as in case of neoteny.
[R]: In some animals, some middle stages are dropped in the descendents.
[R]: In some animals, some middle stages are dropped in the descendents.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
Option B (Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A) is correct because both the assertion and reason are true statements about evolutionary developmental biology, but the reason does not explain the assertion.
27
Hard
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Understanding
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Darwin’s pangenesis theory is similar to the inheritance of acquired characters. Then what will be correct according to its function?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
There should be some physical basis for inheritance
Option D (There should be some physical basis for inheritance) is correct because pangenesis proposed particles from body parts contribute to inheritance, implying a physical basis.
28
Hard
28 of 92
Understanding
+4 | -1
In primordial atmosphere, when the living organism evolved, the respiration process was:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Anaerobic because early atmosphere contained little or no oxygen
Option D (Anaerobic because early atmosphere contained little or no oxygen) is correct because the early atmosphere lacked significant oxygen, making anaerobic respiration the only viable option for early life forms.
29
Hard
29 of 92
Understanding
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Which of the following does not support evolution
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
None of these
Option D (None of these) is correct because mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism are all ecological interactions that can influence evolution.
30
Hard
30 of 92
Understanding
+4 | -1
Assertion: Atavism is the reappearance of
disappered ancestral characters.
Reason: Third molars and hair on body are
examples of atavism.
disappered ancestral characters.
Reason: Third molars and hair on body are
examples of atavism.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
If Assertion is true but Reason is false
Option C is correct because while atavism is the reappearance of ancestral characters, the examples given are not always atavistic.
Revision notes and key takeaways
Review EVOLUTION in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.
Key Takeaways
- ✓ This set contains 92 single-correct-answer MCQs on EVOLUTION.
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Showing 1-30 of 92 questions