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NEET • BIOLOGY • CELL-CYCLE & CELL DIVISION
Cell-cycle & cell division practice · Medium
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Understanding
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Read the following statements and choose the option which is true for them.
Statement A : The steps of cell division are themselves under genetic control.
Statement B : Cell growth in terms of cytoplasmic increase is a continuous process.
Statement A : The steps of cell division are themselves under genetic control.
Statement B : Cell growth in terms of cytoplasmic increase is a continuous process.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Both the statements are correct
Option C (Both the statements are correct) is correct because cell division steps are genetically controlled, and cytoplasmic increase is a continuous process.
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Remembering
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The sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome, synthesizes the other constituents of the cell and eventually divides into two daughter cells is termed as
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Cell cycle
Option B (Cell cycle) is correct because the cell cycle encompasses all the events involved in cell duplication, including genome duplication, synthesis of cell constituents, and division into daughter cells.
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Analyzing
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Assertion: In animals, mitotic cell division is only seen in the diploid somatic cells.
Reason: Plants can show meiotic divisions in both haploid and diploid cells.
Reason: Plants can show meiotic divisions in both haploid and diploid cells.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Assertion is true but Reason is false.
Option C (Assertion is true but Reason is false) is correct because mitotic cell division in animals is generally seen in diploid somatic cells, but plants can show mitotic divisions in both haploid and diploid cells, not meiotic divisions.
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Remembering
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In which stage of cell division, chromosomes are most condensed?
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Correct option: B
Metaphase
Option B is correct because chromosomes are most condensed during metaphase, making them easiest to observe.
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Remembering
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Differentiated cell remains at which stage?
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Correct option: C
Option C () is correct because differentiated cells typically exit the cell cycle and enter the G0 phase.
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Understanding
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The number of chromosomes becomes half in
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Correct option: A
Anaphase-I
Option A (Anaphase-I) is correct because it is during Anaphase-I of meiosis that homologous chromosomes separate, reducing the chromosome number to half.
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Understanding
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Which of the following statements are correct for cell cycle?
I. Cell cycle is the sequence of events involving growth and division of a cell from the time of its formation to its own division into daughter cells
II. Cell growth (in terms of cytoplasmic increase) is a continuous process
III. DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific stage in the cell cycle
IV. The replicated chromosomes (DNA) are distributed to daughter nuclei during cell division
I. Cell cycle is the sequence of events involving growth and division of a cell from the time of its formation to its own division into daughter cells
II. Cell growth (in terms of cytoplasmic increase) is a continuous process
III. DNA synthesis occurs only during one specific stage in the cell cycle
IV. The replicated chromosomes (DNA) are distributed to daughter nuclei during cell division
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
I, II, III and IV
Option D (I, II, III and IV) is correct because all the statements accurately describe the events and processes of the cell cycle.
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Application
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If the egg of sexually reproducing organisms contains 16 chromosomes, what will be the number of dyads in anaphase I?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
32
Option A (16) is incorrect. If the egg has 16 chromosomes, the diploid number is 32 (2n=32). After meiosis I, each cell has 16 chromosomes, each consisting of two chromatids (dyad). Therefore, the number of dyads in anaphase I is 16.
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Understanding
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Programmed cell death (apoptosis):
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
is a natural process during development.
Option C (is a natural process during development) is correct because apoptosis is a programmed cell death essential for normal development and tissue homeostasis.
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Application
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How many chromosomes shall be present in a Diploid cell at mitotic anaphase if its antipodal cell has 10 chromosomes?
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Correct option: B
40
Option B (40) is correct because antipodal cells are haploid (n), so n=10. A diploid cell has 2n chromosomes, so 2n=20. At mitotic anaphase, the number of chromosomes doubles temporarily due to the separation of sister chromatids, resulting in 40 chromosomes.
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Analyzing
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Assertion (A) Cell normally proceed to mitosis without
interruption, once it enters the -phase.
Reason (R) Replicated chromosomes (DNA) are distributed
to daughter nuclei by a complex series of events under
genetic control
interruption, once it enters the -phase.
Reason (R) Replicated chromosomes (DNA) are distributed
to daughter nuclei by a complex series of events under
genetic control
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
If A is false, but R is true
Option D (If A is false, but R is true) is correct because cells do not always proceed to mitosis without interruption after G2 phase, and the distribution of replicated chromosomes is indeed under genetic control.
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Remembering
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During the -phase of cell division
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Correct option: A
RNA and proteins are synthesized
Option A (RNA and proteins are synthesized) is correct because during the G1 phase, the cell grows and synthesizes RNA and proteins necessary for cell growth and function.
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Understanding
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Select the correct statements regarding S-phase of interphase
I. Occurs between and
II. DNA replication begins in the nucleus
III. Centrioles duplicate in the cytoplasm
IV. As DNA is doubled, number of chromosomes also doubles
The option with correct statements is
I. Occurs between and
II. DNA replication begins in the nucleus
III. Centrioles duplicate in the cytoplasm
IV. As DNA is doubled, number of chromosomes also doubles
The option with correct statements is
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
I, II and III
The correct answer is D (I, II and III) because statements I, II, and III accurately describe the S-phase of interphase.
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Understanding
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During which phase(s) of cell cycle, amount of DNA and number of chromosomes respectively in a cell remain at 8C level & 4n if the initial amount of DNA and number of chromosomes are denoted as 4C & 4n, respectively?
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Correct option: D
only
Option D ( only) is correct because after S phase, DNA content doubles (8C) and remains so until mitosis, while chromosome number (4n) remains constant until anaphase.
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Understanding
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Which of the following stage of meiosis is responsible for deciding genetic constitution of gametes?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Anaphase-I
Option D (Anaphase-I) is correct because during Anaphase-I, homologous chromosomes separate, which determines the genetic constitution of the gametes.
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Analyzing
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Assertion: Variations are critical for the process
of evolution.
Reason : Meiosis increases the genetic
variability in the population of organisms from
one generation to the next.
of evolution.
Reason : Meiosis increases the genetic
variability in the population of organisms from
one generation to the next.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason
is not the correct explanation of Assertion
is not the correct explanation of Assertion
Option B (If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because both variations being critical for evolution and meiosis increasing genetic variability are true statements, but the latter doesn't directly explain the former.
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Remembering
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Spindle fibre is made up of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Tubulin
Option D (Tubulin) is correct because spindle fibers are made of microtubules, which are polymers of tubulin.
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Remembering
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The process of cytokinesis refers to the division of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Cytoplasm
Option C (Cytoplasm) is correct because cytokinesis, by definition, is the process of dividing the cytoplasm of a cell.
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Analyzing
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Assertion (A): Meiosis-I is most significant phenomenon from evolution point of view.
Reason (R): Meiosis-I leads to reduction in chromosome so that consistency of chromosome can be maintained.
Reason (R): Meiosis-I leads to reduction in chromosome so that consistency of chromosome can be maintained.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
Option B (Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)) is correct because while both statements are true, the reduction in chromosome number is not the *reason* why meiosis I is significant from an evolutionary point of view. The significance lies in the genetic variation it generates.
Revision notes and key takeaways
Review CELL-CYCLE & CELL DIVISION in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.
Showing 61-79 of 79 questions