What will be the ${\rm{p}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ and ${\rm{pC}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ in the atmospheric air compared to those in the alveolar air?

${\rm{p}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ higher, ${\rm{pC}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ lesser

${\rm{p}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ lesser, ${\rm{pC}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ higher

${\rm{p}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ higher, ${\rm{pC}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ higher

${\rm{p}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ lesser, ${\rm{pC}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}$ lesser

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NEET • BIOLOGY • BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES

Breathing and exchange of gases practice · Mixed difficulty

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211 Medium

211 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Inspiratory capacity of lungs is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

IRV + TV

Option A (IRV + TV) is correct because Inspiratory Capacity (IC) is the sum of Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) and Tidal Volume (TV).

212 Hard

212 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is not true regarding respiration in humans

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Carbonic anhydrase catalyses the formation of carbamino haemoglobin from haemoglobin and carbon dioxide

Option A (Carbonic anhydrase catalyses the formation of carbamino haemoglobin from haemoglobin and carbon dioxide) is not true because carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid, not carbaminohemoglobin.

213 Easy

213 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

Assertion: Functional residual capacity is equal to
ERV+RV
Reason: Expiratory capacity is equal to TV+IRV

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

If the assertion is true but the reason is false

Option C (If the assertion is true but the reason is false) is correct because Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) = ERV + RV is correct, but Expiratory Capacity (EC) = TV + ERV, not TV + IRV.

214 Easy

214 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Book lungs are respiratory

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Archnida

Option A (Archnida) is correct because book lungs are the respiratory organs found in arachnids like spiders and scorpions.

215 Medium

215 of 303

Analyzing +4 | -1

Read following statements carefully and select the option containing all correct statements.

a.

{pO}_2

of atmospheric air is more than

{pO}_2

of alveolar air.

b. Diffusion of gases through respiration membrane depends upon their solubility and partial pressure.

c. Intrapleural pressure during normal inspiration is less than intra pulmonary pressure.

d. Decrease in activity / frequency of pneumotaxic centre increases breathing rate.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

a, b and c

Option A (a, b and c) is correct because atmospheric air has a higher

{pO}_2

than alveolar air, gas diffusion depends on solubility and partial pressure, and intrapleural pressure is less than intrapulmonary pressure during inspiration.

216 Medium

216 of 303

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: Major part of

{CO}_2

is transported as bicarbonate ions formed in RBCs.

Reason: An enzyme carbonic anhydrase present only in RBCs catalyses the reaction.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Assertion is true but Reason is false

Option B (Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because the assertion about

CO_2

transport as bicarbonate is correct, and the reason about carbonic anhydrase being present in RBCs is also correct, but the enzyme is also present in other tissues in smaller amounts and the reason doesn't fully explain the assertion.

217 Medium

217 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

For increasing efficiency of Lungs, respiratory surface should have following features except

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Always in direct contact with source of oxygen

Option D (Always in direct contact with source of oxygen) is correct because while proximity to oxygen is important, direct contact is not always necessary, especially in organisms with circulatory systems.

218 Easy

218 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Haemoglobin (Hb) is a

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Respiratory pigment

Option B (Respiratory pigment) is correct because hemoglobin is the pigment responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood.

219 Easy

219 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

The function of nasal cavity & nasopharynx is to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

all of the above

The correct answer is D (all of the above) because the nasal cavity and nasopharynx warm, moisten, and filter the inspired air.

220 Medium

220 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

Hypoxia is caused due to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Both (a) and (b)

Option D (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because hypoxia can be caused by a lower concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere or a lower number of red blood cells in the blood.

221 Hard

221 of 303

Analyzing +4 | -1

Pick the incorrect statement among the following.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Having residual air in the lungs slightly reduces the efficiency of respiration in mammals

The incorrect statement is D (Having residual air in the lungs slightly reduces the efficiency of respiration in mammals) because residual volume actually helps in maintaining gas exchange even between breaths.

222 Medium

222 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

Why does the air in the nasal cavity get warmed?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Because the nasal cavity has very good blood supply

Option B (Because the nasal cavity has very good blood supply) is correct because the extensive blood supply in the nasal cavity warms the air passing through it.

223 Easy

223 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

Select the favourable conditions required for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin at the alveoli.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

High\,\,p{O_2},Low\,\,pC{O_2},less{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {H^ + },

Lower temperature

Option C (

High\,\,p{O_2},Low\,\,pC{O_2},less{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {H^ + },

Lower temperature) is correct because these conditions favor the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin in the alveoli.

224 Medium

224 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

What will be the

\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{O}_\mathrm{2}}

and

\mathrm{pC}{\mathrm{O}_\mathrm{2}}

in the atmospheric air compared to those in the alveolar air?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{O}_\mathrm{2}}

higher,

\mathrm{pC}{\mathrm{O}_\mathrm{2}}

lesser

Option B (

\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{O}_{\mathrm{2}}}

higher,

\mathrm{pC}{\mathrm{O}_{\mathrm{2}}}

lesser) is correct because atmospheric air has a higher partial pressure of oxygen and a lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide compared to alveolar air.

225 Medium

225 of 303

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: The anatomical set up of lungs in thorax is such that any change in the volume of the thoracic cavity will be reflected in the lung cavity (Pulmonary cavity).

Reason: Lungs have no muscles so we can directly alter the pulmonary volume.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Assertion is true but the reason is false

Option C (Assertion is true but the reason is false) is correct because the assertion is correct, but lungs lack muscles to directly alter pulmonary volume.

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226 Easy

226 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Each haemoglobin molecule can carry maximum of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Four molecules of

{O_2}

Option C (Four molecules of

{O_2}

) is correct because each hemoglobin molecule contains four heme groups, each capable of binding one oxygen molecule.

227 Medium

227 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

Lungs do not enclose

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Trachea

Option B (Trachea) is correct because the trachea is located outside of the lungs, while bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli are all enclosed within the lungs.

228 Medium

228 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Ventilation refers to the

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Movement of air into and out of the lungs

Option A (Movement of air into and out of the lungs) is correct because ventilation specifically refers to the process of air moving in and out of the lungs.

229 Medium

229 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

The chemo sensitive area situated to the respiratory rhythm Centre is highly sensitive to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{H^ + }

Option B (

{H^ + }

) is correct because the chemosensitive area is highly sensitive to changes in hydrogen ion concentration, which is influenced by carbon dioxide levels.

230 Medium

230 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

During swallowing, glottis can be covered by a thin elastic cartilaginous flap called …A… to prevent the entry of food into larynx. Trachea is a straight tube extending up to …B… cavity, which divides at the level of 5th thoracic vertebra into right and left primary …C…
Choose the correct option for A, B and C from the given four options to complete the above statement with reference to NCERT textbook

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

A-epiglottis, B-mid thoracic, C-bronchi

The correct answer is B (A-epiglottis, B-mid thoracic, C-bronchi) because the epiglottis covers the glottis during swallowing, the trachea extends up to the mid-thoracic cavity, and divides into right and left primary bronchi.

231 Medium

231 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Additional muscles in the …… impacts the ability of humans to increase the strength of inspiration and expiration. Complete the given NCERT statement with an appropriate option

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Abdomen

Option C (Abdomen) is correct because additional muscles in the abdomen impact the ability of humans to increase the strength of inspiration and expiration.

232 Medium

232 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Rate of breathing is controlled mainly by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

C{O_2}

level in blood

Option A (

C{O_2}

level in blood) is correct because the primary regulator of breathing rate is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood.

233 Hard

233 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

When temperature decreases oxyhaemoglobin curve will become

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

More steep

Option A (More steep) is correct because a decrease in temperature shifts the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve to the right, indicating a lower affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, thus making the curve steeper.

234 Easy

234 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

During normal respiration without any effort the volume of air inspired or expired is called

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Tidal volume

Option A (Tidal volume) is correct because tidal volume is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration without effort.

235 Medium

235 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Lungs comprises

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of these

The correct answer is D (All of these) because lungs comprise a network of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.

236 Medium

236 of 303

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A): Thoracic chamber is anatomically an air- tight chamber and any change in its volume has no effect whatever on the pulmonary cavity.

Reason (R): Lungs are situated in the thoracic cavity and this arrangement is essential for breathing.

Choose the correct answer from the following options.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

(A) is false but (R) is true

Option D ((A) is false but (R) is true) is correct because the assertion is false, while the reason is true.

237 Easy

237 of 303

Remembering +4 | -1

Inspiratory Reserve volume

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

2500\,\,\mathrm{to}\,3000\,ml

Option B (

2500\,\,\mathrm{to}\,3000\,ml

) is correct because it represents the normal range for Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) in humans.

238 Medium

238 of 303

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion : Emphysema disease is very common
in Kanpur and Calcutta.

Reason : It is disease of respiratory tract
occuring due to pollution.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

Option A (If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion) is correct because emphysema is indeed common in polluted areas like Kanpur and Calcutta, and pollution is a major cause.

239 Easy

239 of 303

Understanding +4 | -1

Dissociation of

CO_2

from carbamino haemoglobin takes place when

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\rho \mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}_2}

is low and

\rho {\mathrm{O}_2}

is high in alveoli

The correct answer is B (

\rho \mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}_2}

is low and

\rho {\mathrm{O}_2}

is high in alveoli) because in the alveoli, the low partial pressure of carbon dioxide and high partial pressure of oxygen favor the dissociation of carbon dioxide from carbaminohemoglobin.

240 Easy

240 of 303

Application +4 | -1

Tidal volume and Expiratory Reserve Volume of an athlete is 500 mL and 1000 mL, respectively. What will be his Expiratory Capacity if the Residual Volume is 1200 mL?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

1500 mL

Option A (1500 mL) is correct because Expiratory Capacity (EC) is the sum of Tidal Volume (TV) and Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV), so EC = TV + ERV = 500 mL + 1000 mL = 1500 mL.

Revision notes and key takeaways

Review BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES in your textbook or class notes, then use this set to check your understanding.

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