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NEET • BIOLOGY • BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Biotechnology and its applications practice · Hard
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Showing 1-30 of 46 questions
1
Hard
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Remembering
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Biotechnology medical products include
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
All of these
Option D (All of these) is correct because insulin, growth hormone, and tpa are all produced using biotechnology for medical applications.
2
Hard
2 of 46
Understanding
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Which one of the following is a correct statement?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
The anticoagulant 'hirudin' is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds.
Option C is correct because the anticoagulant 'hirudin' is indeed being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds.
3
Hard
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Understanding
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Assertion (A): In gene therapy of SCID, a patient requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes.
Reason (R): If the ADA gene is introduced into cells at early embryonic stage, it could be a permanent cure.
Reason (R): If the ADA gene is introduced into cells at early embryonic stage, it could be a permanent cure.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
The correct answer is B (Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)) because both statements are true, but the reason doesn't directly explain why periodic infusions are needed. The need for periodic infusions is due to the limited lifespan of the genetically engineered lymphocytes.
4
Hard
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Remembering
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What is golden rice?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
A GM crop designed to produce -carotene, which the body converts to vitamin A
Option B (A GM crop designed to produce -carotene, which the body converts to vitamin A) is correct because golden rice is a genetically modified crop engineered to produce beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A, to combat vitamin A deficiency.
5
Hard
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Understanding
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Assertion (A): The recombinant therapeutics do not induce unwanted immunological response.
Reason (R): About 30 recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use world-wide.
Reason (R): About 30 recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use world-wide.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Both (A) & (R) are true but the (R) is not the correct explanation of the (A)
Option B is correct because both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason does not explain why recombinant therapeutics do not induce unwanted immunological responses.
6
Hard
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Understanding
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Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Bt toxins are insect group specific and coded by a gene cry IAc.
Statement II: Bt toxin exists as inactive protoxin in B. thuringiensis. However, after ingestion by the insect
the inactive protoxin gets converted into active form due to acidic pH of the insect gut.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Statement I: Bt toxins are insect group specific and coded by a gene cry IAc.
Statement II: Bt toxin exists as inactive protoxin in B. thuringiensis. However, after ingestion by the insect
the inactive protoxin gets converted into active form due to acidic pH of the insect gut.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Statement I is true but Statement II is false
Option B is correct because Statement I is true, stating Bt toxins are insect group specific and coded by cry IAc, while Statement II is false, as the protoxin activation occurs due to alkaline pH, not acidic.
7
Hard
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Understanding
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Which of the following is not a use of genetic modification in transgenic plants?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Making crops more sensitive to abiotic stresses
Option A (Making crops more sensitive to abiotic stresses) is correct because genetic modification aims to make crops *more* resistant, not sensitive, to abiotic stresses.
8
Hard
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Remembering
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Which of the following technique is based on the principle of antigen-antibody interaction?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
ELISA
ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is based on the principle of antigen-antibody interaction, making Option B the correct answer.
9
Hard
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Remembering
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E. coli are used in production of
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Interferon
Option D (Interferon) is correct because E. coli is commonly used in the production of interferon through recombinant DNA technology.
10
Hard
10 of 46
Understanding
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Which of the following processes / techniques are included under the umbrella of biotechnology?
(a) In vitro fertilization leading to a ‘test-tube’ baby
(b) Synthesizing a gene and using it
(c) Developing a DNA vaccine
(d) Correcting a defective gene
Choose the correct option.
(a) In vitro fertilization leading to a ‘test-tube’ baby
(b) Synthesizing a gene and using it
(c) Developing a DNA vaccine
(d) Correcting a defective gene
Choose the correct option.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
(a), (b), (c) and (d)
Option D ((a), (b), (c) and (d)) is correct because all listed processes/techniques (in vitro fertilization, gene synthesis, DNA vaccines, and gene correction) fall under the umbrella of biotechnology.
11
Hard
11 of 46
Understanding
+4 | -1
Which of the following is a correct statement?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds.
Option C (The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds) is correct because transgenic Brassica napus (rapeseed) is used to produce hirudin.
12
Hard
12 of 46
Understanding
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In order for gene therapy to be most effective, genes should be inserted in
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Stem cell
Option C (Stem cell) is correct because stem cells can differentiate into various cell types, ensuring that the introduced gene is present in all future generations of cells derived from the stem cell.
13
Hard
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Remembering
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A Protoxin is?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
Inactive toxin
Option D (Inactive toxin) is correct because a protoxin is an inactive precursor of a toxin that needs to be activated to become toxic.
14
Hard
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Understanding
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Assertion (A): Gene therapy is a collection of methods that allows correction of a gene defect diagnosed in a child or embryo.
Reason (R): It involves delivery of normal gene into the individual or embryo to take over the function of the non functional gene.
Reason (R): It involves delivery of normal gene into the individual or embryo to take over the function of the non functional gene.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
The correct answer is A (Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)) because gene therapy aims to correct genetic defects by delivering a normal gene to replace the non-functional one.
15
Hard
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Remembering
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Which of the following pH conditions are required for action of Bt toxin?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
8.6
Option C (8.6) is correct because Bt toxin requires an alkaline pH to become activated in the insect gut.
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16
Hard
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Remembering
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Breeding of crops with high levels of minerals, vitamins and proteins is called
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Biofortification
Option B (Biofortification) is correct because biofortification is the process of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value, including minerals, vitamins, and proteins.
17
Hard
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Understanding
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Assertion: Hirudin is a type of protein that
prevents blood clotting.
Reason: The gene that encodes hirudin is
transferred into Brassica napus, where hirudin
is accumulated in the seeds .
prevents blood clotting.
Reason: The gene that encodes hirudin is
transferred into Brassica napus, where hirudin
is accumulated in the seeds .
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason
is not the correct explanation of Assertion
is not the correct explanation of Assertion
Option B is correct because both the assertion and reason are true statements, but the reason doesn't explain why hirudin prevents blood clotting.
18
Hard
18 of 46
Remembering
+4 | -1
Insulin has its action on GLUT4 and leads to uptake of glucose mainly in_______cells.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Adipocytes
Option C (Adipocytes) is correct because insulin primarily promotes glucose uptake in adipocytes (fat cells) via GLUT4 transporters.
19
Hard
19 of 46
Understanding
+4 | -1
Flavr savr variety of tomato, remains fresh for a longer period than normal tomato due to
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Silencing of gene coding for enzyme polygalacturonase
Option C (Silencing of gene coding for enzyme polygalacturonase) is correct because this prevents cell wall degradation, extending shelf life.
20
Hard
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Understanding
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Some of the steps involved in the production of humulin are given below. Choose the correct sequence
I) Synthesis of gene (DNA) for human insulin artificially
II) Culturing recombinant E.coli in bioreactors
III) Purification of humulin.
IV) Insertion of human insulin gene into plasmid vector
V) Introduction of recombinant plasmid into E.coli.
VI) Extraction of recombinant gene product from E.coli.
I) Synthesis of gene (DNA) for human insulin artificially
II) Culturing recombinant E.coli in bioreactors
III) Purification of humulin.
IV) Insertion of human insulin gene into plasmid vector
V) Introduction of recombinant plasmid into E.coli.
VI) Extraction of recombinant gene product from E.coli.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
I, IV, V, II, VI, III
Option C (I, IV, V, II, VI, III) is correct because it represents the logical sequence of steps involved in producing humulin (recombinant human insulin).
21
Hard
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Understanding
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Statement-I: Disarmed ‘Ti’ – plasmid of Agrobacterium tumifaciens is used to transfer desired genes into plant cells
Statement-II: Restriction endonucleases act on sugar phosphate back bone of DNA molecule.
Statement-II: Restriction endonucleases act on sugar phosphate back bone of DNA molecule.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Both S-I & S-II are correct
Option A (Both S-I & S-II are correct) is correct because disarmed Ti-plasmids are used for gene transfer in plants, and restriction endonucleases cleave the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA.
22
Hard
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Understanding
+4 | -1
Bt toxin gene are isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into crop plants making them insecticidal. The choice of genes depend upon
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Both 1 and 2
Option C (Both 1 and 2) is correct because the choice of Bt toxin genes depends on both the crop plant and the targeted pest to ensure effective pest control without harming the plant.
23
Hard
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Analyzing
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Assertion (A): Biotechnology is an alternative path that our understanding of genetics can show so that farmers may obtain maximum yield from their fields
Reason (R): For farmers in the developing world, agrochemicals are often too expensive, and further increases in yield with existing varieties are not possible using conventional breeding
Reason (R): For farmers in the developing world, agrochemicals are often too expensive, and further increases in yield with existing varieties are not possible using conventional breeding
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
Option A is correct because both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains why biotechnology is a viable alternative for farmers to increase yield.
24
Hard
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Remembering
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Bt toxins encoded by genes and are used to control
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
Cotton bollworm, a lepidopteran
Option C (Cotton bollworm, a lepidopteran) is correct because cryIAc and cryIIAb genes encode Bt toxins that are effective against the cotton bollworm, which is a lepidopteran insect.
25
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25 of 46
Understanding
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Detection of mutation in genes in suspected cancer patients can be done by
View answer and explanation
Correct option: C
PCR and probe
Option C (PCR and probe) is correct because PCR amplifies the gene of interest, and a probe is used to detect the presence of a specific mutation within that gene.
26
Hard
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Remembering
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Bt toxin proteins shows their effect on which insect of Lepidopteran group?
(I) Armyworm (II) Beetles (III) Flies (IV) Tobacco bud worm
(I) Armyworm (II) Beetles (III) Flies (IV) Tobacco bud worm
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
I,IV
Option D (I,IV) is correct because Bt toxin proteins are effective against Armyworm and Tobacco budworm, both of which are Lepidopteran pests.
27
Hard
27 of 46
Understanding
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Assertion : Hybridoma cells are shifted to a
medium deficient in nutrient which cannot be
synthesised by myeloma cells.
Reason : This medium allows selection of
hybridoma cells.
medium deficient in nutrient which cannot be
synthesised by myeloma cells.
Reason : This medium allows selection of
hybridoma cells.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
If both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
Option A is correct because both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains why hybridoma cells are shifted to a nutrient-deficient medium: to select for hybridoma cells.
28
Hard
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Understanding
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Assertion (A): The main challenge for production of insulin using r-DNA technique was getting insulin assembled into a mature form.
Reason (R): The C-peptide is not present in mature insulin & is removed during maturation process.
Reason (R): The C-peptide is not present in mature insulin & is removed during maturation process.
View answer and explanation
Correct option: A
Both (A) & (R) are true and the (R) is the correct explanation of the (A)
Option A is correct because the assertion and reason are both true, and the reason correctly explains why assembling mature insulin was a challenge.
29
Hard
29 of 46
Understanding
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(a) Rosie, the first transgenic buffalo, produced milk enhanced with human alpha lactal albumin.
(b) Restriction enzymes are employed in the separation of DNA from other macromolecules.
(c) One stage of R-DNA technology is downstream processing.
(d) To introduce R-DNA into the host, disarmed pathogen vectors are also utilized.
Which two statements stated above are correct?
(b) Restriction enzymes are employed in the separation of DNA from other macromolecules.
(c) One stage of R-DNA technology is downstream processing.
(d) To introduce R-DNA into the host, disarmed pathogen vectors are also utilized.
Which two statements stated above are correct?
View answer and explanation
Correct option: B
Statements (c) and (d)
Option B (Statements (c) and (d)) is correct. Downstream processing is indeed a stage of R-DNA technology, and disarmed pathogen vectors are used to introduce R-DNA into the host.
30
Hard
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Remembering
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How many matching are correct:
(a) Natural Genetic Engineer – E.coli
(b) Natural Genetic Engineer – Salmonella typhi
(c) Plasmid – Extra chromosomal DNA
(d) Acidic pH – Required for activation of Bt Toxin
(a) Natural Genetic Engineer – E.coli
(b) Natural Genetic Engineer – Salmonella typhi
(c) Plasmid – Extra chromosomal DNA
(d) Acidic pH – Required for activation of Bt Toxin
View answer and explanation
Correct option: D
One
Option D (One) is correct because only one matching is correct: Plasmid – Extra chromosomal DNA.
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