Anatomy of flowering plants practice · Easy

Option B (Blockage of xylem) is correct because xylem is responsible for transporting water throughout the plant, and its blockage leads to water deficiency and wilting.

Option C (Medullary rays) is correct because medullary rays, which are parenchymatous extensions between vascular bundles, are absent in monocot stems.

Option B (Collenchyma) is correct because pectin is a component of the cell walls of collenchyma cells.

Option C (Sclerenchyma) is correct because sclerenchyma cells are typically dead and lack the cellular machinery needed for tissue culture.

Option B (Shoot apical meristem) is correct because axillary buds develop from the shoot apical meristem.

Option C (Collenchyma) is correct because it describes the characteristics of collenchyma tissue: living cells, mechanical tissue in growing organs, cellulosic unlignified thickenings, often at the corners.

Option B (Sclerenchyma) is correct because sclerenchyma cells are characterized by being hard, lignified, thick-walled, long, and pointed.

Option D (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because autumn wood and late wood both have fewer xylary elements with narrow vessels.

Option B is correct because the correct sequence of tissues from outside to inside in a dicotyledonous stem is phellem, phloem, endodermis, and pericycle.

Option A (Roots develop from radicle) is correct because this is a defining characteristic of dicots.

Option B (Collenchyma) is correct because collenchyma tissue is often found in layers below the epidermis in dicotyledonous plants, providing support.

Option B (Conjoint and closed vascular bundle) is correct because monocot stems have vascular bundles that are conjoint (xylem and phloem together) and closed (no cambium).

Option A (Apical meristem) is correct because apical meristems are responsible for primary growth, which increases plant length.

Option A (From embryonic meristems) is correct because primary meristems originate directly from the embryonic meristem.

Option B (If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion) is correct because isobilateral leaves are amphistomatic (have stomata on both surfaces), and their mesophyll is not differentiated, but the lack of differentiation doesn't directly cause the amphistomatic condition.

Option D (The cells are dead at maturity) is correct because xylem parenchyma cells are living cells, unlike other xylem elements such as tracheids and vessels, which are dead at maturity.

Option D (Cells are dead and devoid of nucleus) is correct because parenchyma cells are living cells with a nucleus, unlike sclerenchyma cells.

Option A (Xylem) is correct because xylem is the primary tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the stems and leaves.

Option B (Xylem vessel) is correct because the description matches the characteristics of xylem vessels: long, cylindrical, lignified, and devoid of protoplasm.

Option B is correct because stomata are generally more abundant on the lower surface (abaxial) of a bifacial leaf.

Option D is correct because apical meristems give rise to both permanent and primary tissues.

Option B (Water and minerals) is correct because xylem sap is primarily composed of water and dissolved minerals absorbed from the soil.

Option D (I, II and III) is correct because Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma tissues are all components of the ground tissue system in plants.

Option D (I, II and III) is correct because periderm is composed of phellem (cork), phellogen (cork cambium), and phelloderm.

Option A is correct because both statements accurately describe the arrangement of vascular tissues in dicot stems and conjoint vascular bundles.

Option A (Root) is correct because root growth occurs sub-apically, with the apical meristem protected by the root cap.

Option C (Dump bell-shaped) is correct because the guard cells in grasses are characteristically dumbbell-shaped, which aids in efficient stomatal opening and closing.

Option D (All of the above) is correct because Fascicular vascular cambium, Interfascicular cambium, and Cork cambium are all examples of secondary meristems.

Option A (Companion cells) is correct because companion cells are part of the phloem, which is a vascular tissue, not the epidermal tissue system.

Option D (A-starch; B-starch) is correct because the cells of the endodermis are rich in starch grains, and this layer is referred to as the starch sheath.