The Lassaigne's extract is boiled with dil ${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$ before testing for halogens because

${\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_2}{\rm{S}}$ and ${\rm{NaCN}}$ are decomposed by ${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$

AGCN is soluble in ${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$

Silver halides are soluble in ${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$

${\rm{A}}{{\rm{g}}_2}{\rm{S}}$ is soluble in ${\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$

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JEE • CHEMISTRY • ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES

Organic chemistry-some basic principles and techniques practice · Easy

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91 Easy

91 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

The homolytic fission of a covalent bond liberates

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Free radicals

Option C (Free radicals) is correct because homolytic fission involves the equal sharing of electrons, resulting in the formation of free radicals.

92 Easy

92 of 118

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A) :

\mathrm{SO}_3

is a nucleophile.

Reason (R):

\mathrm{SO}_3

has lone-pair of electrons.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathbf{A}

and

\mathbf{R}

both are false.

Option D (A and R both are false) is correct because SO3 is an electrophile, not a nucleophile, and while it has pi bonds, it doesn't have a lone pair of electrons on the sulfur atom.

93 Easy

93 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following techniques is based on adsorption of organic compounds on an adsorbent to different degrees?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Chromatography

Option D (Chromatography) is correct because chromatography separates compounds based on their differential adsorption on an adsorbent.

94 Easy

94 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

Fluorine is not tested by Beilstein’s test because

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Copper fluoride is not volatile

Option B (Copper fluoride is not volatile) is correct because Beilstein's test relies on the volatility of copper halides, and copper fluoride is not volatile.

95 Easy

95 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

The percentage of

's'

character of the hybrid orbital of carbon in ethane, ethane and ethyne respectively are:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

25, 33, 50

Option A (25, 33, 50) is correct because ethane is sp3 hybridized (25% s character), ethene is sp2 hybridized (33% s character), and ethyne is sp hybridized (50% s character).

96 Easy

96 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

The phenomenon of existence of two or more compounds possessing the same molecular formula but different properties is called

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Correct option: D

isomerism

Option D (isomerism) is correct because isomerism is the phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements, leading to different properties.

97 Easy

97 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

State of hybridization of carbon atom of carbene in the singlet state is :

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Correct option: A

s{p^2}

Option A (

s{p^2}

) is correct because the carbon atom in a singlet carbene has two sigma bonds and one lone pair, leading to

s{p^2}

hybridization.

98 Easy

98 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

The

+ I

effect of alkyl groups is the

th

order

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{3^0} > {2^0} > {1^0}

Option C is correct because the +I effect (inductive effect) increases with the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon atom, thus

{3^0} > {2^0} > {1^0}

99 Easy

99 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

Mesomeric effect is due to

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Delocalisation of

\pi

electrons

Option B is correct. The mesomeric effect is due to the delocalization of

\pi

electrons in a molecule.

100 Easy

100 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

The IUPAC name of acryldehyde is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Prop-2-en-1-al

Option A (Prop-2-en-1-al) is correct because it accurately describes the structure of acrolein, with the aldehyde group at position 1 and the double bond between carbons 2 and 3.

101 Easy

101 of 118

Analyzing +4 | -1

Among the following the one which does not exhibit functional group isomerism is :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{\mathrm{C}_4}{\mathrm{H}_{10}}

Option C (

{\mathrm{C}_4}{\mathrm{H}_{10}}

) is correct because alkanes do not exhibit functional group isomerism.

102 Easy

102 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

Select the correct statements

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

- N{H_2}

group activates benzene nucleus for attack of electrophile at ortho and parasites.

Option B (

- N{H_2}

group activates benzene nucleus for attack of electrophile at ortho and parasites.) is correct because the amino group is an activating and ortho/para-directing group.

103 Easy

103 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following is a primary halide?

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Correct option: D

Neo hexyl chloride

Option D (Neo hexyl chloride) is correct because the chlorine atom is attached to a primary carbon atom.

104 Easy

104 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

Ethanoyl chloride is the IUPAC name of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COCl}

The correct answer is B (

\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{COCl}

) because ethanoyl chloride is an acyl chloride with the formula

CH_3COCl

105 Easy

105 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

Blood red colour solution is produced when ferric chloride solution is treated with:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

KSCN

Option B (KSCN) is correct because ferric chloride reacts with potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) to form a blood-red colored solution of ferric thiocyanate.

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106 Easy

106 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

The intermediate formed during the homolytic cleavage is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

free radical

Option A (free radical) is correct because homolytic cleavage involves the breaking of a covalent bond in such a way that each atom gets one electron, forming free radicals.

107 Easy

107 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

Nitrogen detection in an organic compound is carried out by Lassaigne’s test. The blue colour formed corresponds to which of the following formulae

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

F{e_4}{\left[ {Fe{{\left( {CN} \right)}_6}} \right]_3}

Option B (

F{e_4}{\left[ {Fe{{\left( {CN} \right)}_6}} \right]_3}

) is correct because the Prussian blue color in Lassaigne's test is due to the formation of ferric ferrocyanide.

108 Easy

108 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

First Nobel Prize winner in chemistry is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Van’t Hoff

Option A (Van’t Hoff) is correct because Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff was the first Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry in 1901.

109 Easy

109 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

Aniline is separated by:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Steam distillation

Option C (Steam distillation) is correct because aniline is steam volatile and can be separated from non-volatile impurities using steam distillation.

110 Easy

110 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

The Lassaigne's extract is boiled with dil

\mathrm{HN}{\mathrm{O}_3}

before testing for halogens because

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}_2}\mathrm{S}

and

\mathrm{NaCN}

are decomposed by

\mathrm{HN}{\mathrm{O}_3}

Option C (

\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}_2}\mathrm{S}

and

\mathrm{NaCN}

are decomposed by

\mathrm{HN}{\mathrm{O}_3}

) is correct because

Na_2S

and

NaCN

interfere with the halogen test by forming

Ag_2S

and

AgCN

precipitates, respectively, which are not silver halides.

111 Easy

111 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

In case of a homologous series each member differs from the preceding or the succeeding member by :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}

group

Option A (a

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}

group) is correct because successive members in a homologous series differ by a methylene group (

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}

112 Easy

112 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

Fractional distillation is useful in distillation of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

All of these

Option D (All of these) is correct because fractional distillation is useful in the distillation of Petroleum, Coal-tar, and Crude alcohol.

113 Easy

113 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

Paper chromatography is an example of

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Partition chromatography

Option B is correct because paper chromatography separates substances based on their partition coefficients between the stationary (water in the paper) and mobile phases.

114 Easy

114 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

Which group has the maximum-Inductive effect?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

- \mathrm{N}{\mathrm{O}_2}

Option A (

- \mathrm{N}{\mathrm{O}_2}

) is correct because the nitro group (

- \mathrm{N}{\mathrm{O}_2}

) has the strongest electron-withdrawing inductive effect due to the high electronegativity of both nitrogen and oxygen atoms.

115 Easy

115 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

A mixture of oil and water is separated by

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Using separating funnel

Option D (Using separating funnel) is correct because oil and water are immiscible liquids, and a separating funnel allows for the easy separation of two such layers.

116 Easy

116 of 118

Understanding +4 | -1

The ratio of

\sigma -

and

\pi -

bonds in benzene is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Option B (4) is correct because the ratio of sigma to pi bonds in benzene is 12:3, which simplifies to 4:1.

117 Easy

117 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

Adsorbent is made of ... in TLC

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Both (a) and (b)

Option C (Both (a) and (b)) is correct because both silica gel and alumina are commonly used as adsorbents in Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC).

118 Easy

118 of 118

Remembering +4 | -1

Which method is used to find halogen in organic compound?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

Carious method

Option D (Carious method) is correct because the Carius method is specifically designed to quantitatively determine the amount of halogen present in an organic compound.

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