Chemistry in everyday life practice · Mixed difficulty

Option D is the incorrect statement. A drug that kills organisms in the body is called bactericidal, not bacteriostatic. Bacteriostatic drugs only inhibit growth.

Option A is correct because hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions, which react with soap to form insoluble salts (scum), preventing lather formation.

Option C (Developed dyes) is correct because azo dyes are fixed on fabrics through a process where they are synthesized directly on the fabric, which is characteristic of developed dyes.

Option D (Eosin) is correct because eosin is a red dye commonly used in the preparation of red ink.

Option C (Indigo is a dark blue solid soluble in water giving a blue solution) is the wrong statement because Indigo is a dark blue solid that is insoluble in water.

Option D (Sucrose) is correct because sucrose is a natural sugar, while the other options are artificial sweeteners.

Option D (Cholera) is correct because cholera is a communicable disease caused by bacteria and spread through contaminated water and food.

Option C (Aspartame) is correct because Aspartame is known to be unstable at high temperatures and is therefore suitable only under cold conditions.

Option B (If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion) is correct because while both statements are true, the reason doesn't directly explain why enzyme activity is pH-dependent.

Option A (Alizarin) is correct because Alizarin is a well-known example of an anthraquinone dye.

Option B (Sulphaguanidine) is correct because it is a sulfa drug, not an antibiotic.

Option B (Soaps) is correct because fats undergo alkaline hydrolysis (saponification) to produce glycerol and soaps.

Option D (I is false but II is true) is correct because at low concentrations, soap and detergent solutions behave as electrolytes, and at high concentrations, they form associated colloidal particles.

Option C (Morphine) is correct because Morphine is a well-known narcotic analgesic used for pain relief.

Option C ((I) is true but (II) is false) is correct because sulfa drugs contain a sulfonamide group, but Salvarsan is an organoarsenic compound, not a sulfa drug.

Option A (Brompheniramine) is correct because brompheniramine is a common antihistamine used to relieve allergy symptoms.

Option D (Stopping the growth of bacteria) is correct because sulfa drugs are bacteriostatic, meaning they inhibit bacterial growth.

Option A (Tuberculosis) is correct because streptomycin is an antibiotic primarily used to treat tuberculosis.

Option C (Nardil) is correct because Nardil (phenelzine) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used as an antidepressant and does not contain a sulfonamide group, which is characteristic of sulfa drugs.

Option D (Alitame) is correct because Alitame has the highest sweetness value (2000) compared to cane sugar, while the other options have lower values.

Option B (Phthalic anhydride and resorcinol) is correct because fluorescein is synthesized by reacting phthalic anhydride with resorcinol.

Option A (Tranquilizer) is correct because Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used as an antidepressant, thus classifying it as a tranquilizer.

Option B (Antacid and antiallergic) is the closest to the correct function of antihistamines, although the question is flawed. Antihistamines primarily function as antiallergics, and some may have antacid properties by blocking histamine receptors in the stomach.

Option A (Antiseptic) is correct because Furacine is a topical antibacterial agent used to prevent infection in wounds and burns.

Option B (Equanil) is correct because Equanil is a tranquilizer used to reduce anxiety and tension.

Option D ($0.2 \%$ solution of phenol is an antiseptic while $1 \%$ solution of phenol is disinfectant) is correct because phenol acts as an antiseptic at lower concentrations and as a disinfectant at higher concentrations.

Option C (Vitamins) is correct because vitamins are essential nutrients and cofactors, not primary drug targets in the body.

Option A (Blue baby syndrome) is correct because excess nitrate in drinking water can cause methemoglobinemia, also known as blue baby syndrome, especially in infants.

Option A (Mordant) is correct because a mordant is a substance used to fix dyes to fabrics, forming a complex that is insoluble and adheres to the fiber.

Option B ($\mathrm{N}$-acetylparaaminophenol) is correct because it, also known as paracetamol or acetaminophen, is an analgesic that is effective without causing addiction.