Biomolecules practice · Mixed difficulty

Option D (Vitamin-K – Easy clotting of blood) is correct because Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, so a deficiency would lead to impaired clotting, not easy clotting.

Option B ($\beta$-D-2-deoxyribose, $\beta$-D-ribose) is correct because DNA contains $\beta$-D-2-deoxyribose, while RNA contains $\beta$-D-ribose.

Option D (All of the above) is correct because glucose is also called dextrose, it is a monomer of starch and cellulose, and its molecular formula is $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6$.

Correct Answer + Core Reason: Option A (Immunoglobulins) is correct because immunoglobulins (antibodies) are proteins that defend the body against harmful substances.

Option B (Lipase) is correct because lipases are enzymes that specifically catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol.

The correct answer is D (Hormones) because hormones are chemical messengers produced by ductless glands and secreted directly into the bloodstream.

Option D (Cellulose) is correct because cellulose is the most abundant organic compound in nature, forming the structural component of plant cell walls.

Option C (16) is correct because glucose has 4 chiral carbons, so the number of stereoisomers is 2⁴ = 16.

Option A is correct because carbohydrates that are sweet in taste often break down into simpler sugars upon hydrolysis.

Option D (All of the above) is correct because housekeeping proteins, essential for basic cellular functions, are found in various organelles including the endoplasmic reticulum, cytoskeleton, and Golgi complex.

Option B (2) is correct because insulin contains two disulphide linkages between its A and B chains.

The correct answer is D (A galactose and a glucose molecule) because lactose is a disaccharide composed of one galactose molecule and one glucose molecule linked by a beta-1,4-glycosidic bond.

Option A (Fats and oils) is correct because the iodine value is a measure of the degree of unsaturation in fats and oils.

The correct answer is deamination because amino acids must undergo deamination to remove the amino group before entering cellular respiration.

Option C (Phosphoglycero mutase) is correct because phosphoglyceromutase is the enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of 3-phosphoglyceric acid to 2-phosphoglyceric acid in glycolysis.

Option B is correct because cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of $\beta$-D-glucose units linked by glycosidic linkages between C-1 and C-4.

Option B (Anomers) is correct because alpha and beta glucose are cyclic stereoisomers that differ only in the configuration at the anomeric carbon (C1).

Option A (Vitamin) is correct because calciferol is the chemical name for Vitamin D.

Option D is correct. Proteins are the basis of structure and function of life, required for growth and maintenance, and are polymers of alpha-amino acids, making all statements correct.

Option D (Cellulose) is correct because cellulose is the main structural component of plant cell walls, making it the most abundant organic compound on Earth.

Option B (Glucose and fructose) is correct because glucose and fructose form identical osazones due to their similar structures at carbons 3, 4, and 5, with the difference only at carbons 1 and 2, which are involved in osazone formation.

Option C (Penta acetate) is correct because glucose has five hydroxyl groups (-OH) that react with acetic anhydride to form five ester linkages, resulting in glucose pentaacetate.

Option D (38 mole of ATP) is correct because one mole of glucose on complete respiration typically produces 38 moles of ATP.

Option D (All of these) is correct because arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid, helps in membrane formation, and is abundant in the brain.

Option C (Vitamin ${\mathrm{B}_{12}}$) is correct because it contains a cobalt atom.

Option B (Cellulose) is correct because it is a polysaccharide (carbohydrate), while the other options are enzymes.

Option C (Ammoniacal silver nitrate) is correct because glucose, having an aldehyde group, reduces Tollen's reagent (ammoniacal silver nitrate) to metallic silver, forming a silver mirror.

Option C (Single strand) is correct because RNA is a single-stranded molecule, unlike the double helix structure of DNA.

Option D (Biurete) is incorrect. Option C (Ninhydrin) is correct because proteins give a blue color with ninhydrin solution when heated.

Option B (Guanidine) is correct because guanidine is not a constituent of nucleic acids; guanine is, but guanidine is a different compound.