By passing water gas $\left( {{\rm{CO}} + {{\rm{H}}_2}} \right)$ through an electric discharge at low pressure, we get:

${\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{CHO}}$

${\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}\;{\rm{and}}\;{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}$

When ${\rm{HCHO}}$ is treated with ${{\rm{C}}_6}{{\rm{H}}_5}{\rm{CHO}}$ in presence of NaOH, the products are:

${\rm{HCOONa }}\;{\rm{and}}\;{{\rm{C}}_6}{{\rm{H}}_5}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{OH}}$

${\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{OH}}\;and{\rm{ }}HCOONa$

${{\rm{C}}_6}{{\rm{H}}_5}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{OH }}\;{\rm{and}}\;{{\rm{C}}_6}{{\rm{H}}_5}{\rm{COONa}}$

${\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{OH }}\;{\rm{and}}\;{{\rm{C}}_6}{{\rm{H}}_5}{\rm{COONa}}$

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JEE • CHEMISTRY • ALDEHYDES & KETONES & CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

Aldehydes & ketones & carboxylic acids practice · Medium

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These sets use single-correct-answer MCQs. They do not cover every JEE Main or JEE Advanced question format and are not full-length mock papers.

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Showing 1-30 of 165 questions

1 Medium

1 of 165

Remembering +4 | -1

By passing water gas

\left( {\mathrm{CO} + {\mathrm{H}_2}} \right)

through an electric discharge at low pressure, we get:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

HCHO

Option A (HCHO) is correct because water gas (CO + H2) passed through an electric discharge yields formaldehyde (HCHO).

2 Medium

2 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

Addition of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones takes place in presence of dry

\mathrm{HCl}

gas because it

(i) Protonates the oxygen of the carbonyl compounds

(ii) Increases the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon

(iii) Removes the excess moisture from the reaction

(iv) Helps the reaction to move in the forward direction

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Option B ((i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)) is correct because dry HCl protonates the carbonyl oxygen, increases the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon, removes excess moisture, and helps the reaction move forward.

3 Medium

3 of 165

Remembering +4 | -1

Benzyl alcohol and sodium benzoate is obtained by the action of sodium hydroxide on benzaldehyde. This reaction is known as

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Cannizaro’s reaction

Option B (Cannizaro’s reaction) is correct because the reaction of benzaldehyde with NaOH to form benzyl alcohol and sodium benzoate is a Cannizaro's reaction.

4 Medium

4 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following reactions is a condensation reaction?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}\mathrm{COC}{\mathrm{H}_3}

\to

mesityl oxide

Option C (

\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}\mathrm{COC}{\mathrm{H}_3}

\to

mesityl oxide) is correct because it involves the elimination of a water molecule, which is characteristic of a condensation reaction.

5 Medium

5 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

The number of aldehyde isomers for

{C_4}{H_8}O

will be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Option C (2) is correct because there are two aldehyde isomers for

{C_4}{H_8}O

: butanal and 2-methylpropanal.

6 Medium

6 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

Which of the following compounds does not have a carboxyl group?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Picric acid

The correct answer is C (Picric acid) because picric acid is 2,4,6-trinitrophenol and contains a hydroxyl group rather than a carboxyl group.

7 Medium

7 of 165

Remembering +4 | -1

When the aldehyde group is attached to a ring, which of the following suffix is added after the full name of the cycloalkane?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Carbaldehyde

Option B (Carbaldehyde) is correct because when an aldehyde group is directly attached to a ring, the suffix "carbaldehyde" is used.

8 Medium

8 of 165

Application +4 | -1

When

\mathrm{HCHO}

is treated with

{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{CHO}

in presence of NaOH, the products are:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathrm{HCOONa }\;\mathrm{and}\;{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{OH}

Option D (

\mathrm{HCOONa }\;\mathrm{and}\;{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_2}\mathrm{OH}

) is correct because it represents the products of a crossed Cannizzaro reaction between formaldehyde and benzaldehyde.

9 Medium

9 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

Stephen’s reduction will covert

\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CN}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

EtCHO

Option B (EtCHO) is correct because Stephen's reduction converts nitriles to aldehydes, so

\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CN}

becomes

\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CHO}

10 Medium

10 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true regarding preparation of aldehydes and ketones?

(1) Both can be prepared by the oxidation of the concerned alcohol with copper at about

250^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

.

(ii) Both can be prepared by the oxidation of the concerned alcohol by Oppenauer oxidation.

(iii) Both can be prepared by the oxidation of respective alcohol with acidic dichromate.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

(i) only

Option A ((X) < (Y) < (Z)) is correct because metallic character decreases across a period, so the ionic oxide is formed by an element on the left, the amphoteric oxide by an element in the middle, and the giant molecule oxide by an element on the right.

11 Medium

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Analyzing +4 | -1

Arrange the following carboxylic acids in the decreasing order of their acidities.

1. PhCOOH

2.

\mathrm{o}-\mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{NC}_6 \mathrm{H}_4 \mathrm{COOH}

\mathrm{p}-\mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{NC}_6 \mathrm{H}_4 \mathrm{COOH}

\mathrm{m}-\mathrm{O}_2 \mathrm{NC}_6 \mathrm{H}_4 \mathrm{COOH}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

2>3>4>1

The correct answer is C (

2>3>4>1

) because electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity, and the ortho effect further enhances the acidity of o-nitrobenzoic acid.

12 Medium

12 of 165

Remembering +4 | -1

The product formed by the reaction of an aldehyde with a primary amine is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Schiff base

Option A (Schiff base) is correct because the reaction of an aldehyde with a primary amine forms a Schiff base, which contains a C=N bond.

13 Medium

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Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion: The acetate ion is resonance stabilized.

Reason: Acetate ion is more basic than the methoxide ion.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.

Option C is correct because the acetate ion is resonance stabilized, but it is a weaker base than the methoxide ion.

14 Medium

14 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

The number of aldehyde isomers for

{C_4}{H_8}O

will be

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

Option C (2) is correct because there are two aldehyde isomers for

{C_4}{H_8}O

: butanal and 2-methylpropanal.

15 Medium

15 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

Riemer-Tiemann reaction and Kolbe’s reaction are respectively

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Both are electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions

Option B (Both are electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions) is correct because both Riemer-Tiemann and Kolbe's reactions involve electrophilic attack on an aromatic ring.

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16 Medium

16 of 165

Application +4 | -1

The product formed in the following ozonalysis is

C{H_2}BrCH = CHC{H_3}\xrightarrow{{{O_3}}}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

C{H_3}CHO

The correct answer is B (

C{H_3}CHO

) because the ozonolysis of

C{H_2}BrCH = CHC{H_3}

yields acetaldehyde.

17 Medium

17 of 165

Remembering +4 | -1

Aldehydes on reaction with hydroxylamine gives :

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

Aldoxime

Option A (Aldoxime) is correct because aldehydes react with hydroxylamine to form aldoximes.

18 Medium

18 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

Which order is correct about acidity

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

{C}_6 {H}_5 {COOH}>{CH}_3 {COOH}>{C}_5 {H}_5 {OH}

Option B (

{C}_6 {H}_5 {COOH}>{CH}_3 {COOH}>{C}_5 {H}_5 {OH}

) is correct because carboxylic acids are more acidic than phenols, and the acidity of carboxylic acids is influenced by substituents.

19 Medium

19 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

Aqueous

10 \% \, {NaHCO}_3

solution is used as a reagent for identifying '

{A}

'. Which of the following compounds yield '

{A}

' on hydrolysis?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

{CH}_3{COOC}_2 {H}_5

Option A (

{CH}_3{COOC}_2 {H}_5

) is correct because esters produce carboxylic acids upon hydrolysis, which can be identified by reaction with

NaHCO_3

20 Medium

20 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

Acetone and acetaldehyde can be identified by treatment with:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

\mathrm{Ag}\left( {\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_3}} \right)_2^ +

Option D is correct because Tollen's reagent (Ag(NH₃)₂⁺) can distinguish between acetone and acetaldehyde, as only aldehydes reduce Tollen's reagent to form a silver mirror.

21 Medium

21 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

The correct order of acidic strength of given carboxylic acids is

\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} {{\text{CC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{ - COOH}}}&{{\text{N}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ - COOH}}}&{{{\text{C}}_{\text{6}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}{\text{ - COOH}}} \\ {{\text{(a)}}}&{{\text{(b)}}}&{{\text{(c)}}} \end{array}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

a > b > c

The correct answer is D (

a > b > c

) because the electron-withdrawing effect of

CCl_3

is stronger than

NO_2CH_2

, which is stronger than

C_6H_5

22 Medium

22 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

Statement-I: Carboxylic acids are more acidic than sulphonic acids.

Statement-II: Carboxylic acids are obtained by the oxidation of aldehydes with Tollens reagent.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: D

I is false and II is true

Option D (I is false and II is true) is correct because sulphonic acids are more acidic than carboxylic acids, and carboxylic acids can be obtained by the oxidation of aldehydes with Tollens reagent.

23 Medium

23 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

Correct arrangement of given molecule in their increasing order of enol content is

(I) \,{CH}_3 {COCH}_3

(II)\, {CH}_3 {COCH}_2 {CHO}

(III)\, {CH}_3 {COCH}_2 {COCH}_3

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

>

III

>

Option C (II > I > III) is correct because the enol content is directly related to the acidity of the alpha-hydrogens and the stability of the resulting enol form.

24 Medium

24 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

Which one of the following undergoes reaction with 50% sodium hydroxide solution to give the corresponding alcohol and acid?

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

Benzaldehyde

Option B (Benzaldehyde) is correct because benzaldehyde, having no alpha-hydrogens, undergoes Cannizzaro reaction with 50% NaOH to yield benzyl alcohol and sodium benzoate.

25 Medium

25 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

Assertion (A):

{C}_6{H}_5 {CH}({OH}){CH}_3

gives benzoic acid with

{NaOBr}

followed by hydrolysis.

Reason (R):

{C}_6 {H}_5 {CH}({OH}) {CH}_3

has methyl ketonic group.

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

(A) is true and (R) is false

Option A is correct because Size of

{BK}^{+3}

is less than of

{NP}^{+3}

due to actinoid contraction. As we know that in a period from left to right ionic radius decreases and in actinide series it is due to actinoid contraction.

26 Medium

26 of 165

Remembering +4 | -1

In Clemmensen's reduction, the catalyst used is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

\mathrm{Zn}-\mathrm{Hg}+

Conc.

\mathrm{HCl}

Option A (

\mathrm{Zn}-\mathrm{Hg}+

Conc.

\mathrm{HCl}

) is correct because Clemmensen reduction uses zinc amalgam and concentrated hydrochloric acid.

27 Medium

27 of 165

Remembering +4 | -1

Aldehyde used in the manufacture of perfumes is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{CHO}

Option C (

{\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{CHO}

) is correct because benzaldehyde has a characteristic bitter almond odor and is used in the manufacture of perfumes.

28 Medium

28 of 165

Analyzing +4 | -1

The correct decreasing order for acid strength is

View answer and explanation

Correct option: C

N{O_2}C{H_2}COOH > NCC{H_2}COOH > FC{H_2}COOH > ClC{H_2}COOH

Option C (

N{O_2}C{H_2}COOH > NCC{H_2}COOH > FC{H_2}COOH > ClC{H_2}COOH

) is correct because the electron-withdrawing effect (-I effect) of the substituents decreases in the order

NO_2 > CN > F > Cl

29 Medium

29 of 165

Remembering +4 | -1

In glycine the basic group is:

View answer and explanation

Correct option: A

-\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_2}

Option A (

-\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{H}_2}

) is correct because the amino group is the basic group in glycine.

30 Medium

30 of 165

Understanding +4 | -1

What, in general, is the order of decreasing reactivity of these carbonyl compounds towards nucleophilic reagents?

\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} {C{H_3}\mathop C\limits^{\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} O \\ {||} \end{array}} C{H_3}}&{C{H_3}\mathop C\limits^{\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} H \\ | \end{array}} = O}&{{{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)}_3}C\mathop C\limits^{\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} O \\ {||} \end{array}} C{H_3}}&{H\mathop C\limits^{\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} H \\ | \end{array}} = O}&{{{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)}_3}C\mathop C\limits^{\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccc} O \\ {||} \end{array}} C{{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)}_3}} \\ {\left( {\text{I}} \right)}&{\left( {{\text{II}}} \right)}&{\left( {{\text{III}}} \right)}&{\left( {{\text{IV}}} \right)}&{\left( {\text{V}} \right)} \end{array}

View answer and explanation

Correct option: B

>

>

>

III

>

Option B is correct because the reactivity of carbonyl compounds towards nucleophilic reagents decreases as the steric hindrance and electron density around the carbonyl carbon increase.

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