Alcohols & phenols & ethers practice · Easy

Option D ($\mathrm{POCl}_3, \mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{PO}_3$) is correct because the reaction of ROH with PCl5 yields POCl3 and the reaction with PCl3 yields H3PO3.

Option D (${\left( {\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}} \right)_3}\mathrm{COH}$) is correct because tertiary alcohols react fastest with Lucas reagent due to the formation of a more stable tertiary carbocation.

Option A is correct because water is more acidic than alcohols, and acidity decreases as the degree of substitution on the alcohol increases, with alkynes being the least acidic.

Metallic character of alkali metals, decreases down the group

Option A (${\mathrm{C}_6}{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{OH} + \mathrm{C}{\mathrm{H}_3}\mathrm{I}$) is correct because the reaction of anisole ($\mathrm{C}_6{\mathrm{H}_5}\mathrm{OC}{\mathrm{H}_3}$) with HI results in the cleavage of the C-O bond, forming phenol and methyl iodide.

Option C (Starch into alcohol) is correct because saccharification is the process of converting starch into fermentable sugars, which are then converted into alcohol.

Option C (Phenol) is correct because Phenol is commonly known as carbolic acid.

Option C (Darzen’s reaction) is correct because the reaction of an alcohol with SOCl2 to form an alkyl chloride, SO2, and HCl is known as Darzen's reaction.

Option C is correct because Williamson's synthesis is a method used for the preparation of ethers by reacting an alkyl halide with an alkoxide.

Option C (Three) is correct because glycerol has three hydroxyl (-OH) groups, and each -OH group requires one mole of acetyl chloride for complete acetylation.

Option D ( conc. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 / 170^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$) is correct because ethanol is converted to ethylene by dehydration using concentrated sulfuric acid at 170°C.

Option B (4) is correct because there are four structural isomers of alcohols with the formula C4H10O: butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, and 2-methylpropan-2-ol.

Option A (Methanol + ethanol) is correct because methylated spirit is ethanol with added methanol to make it unfit for drinking.

Option A is correct because both phenol and ethanol react with sodium to produce hydrogen gas, so sodium cannot be used to distinguish between them.

Option A ((I) $>$ (II) $>$ (III)) is correct because the rate of dehydration depends on the stability of the carbocation formed, and tertiary carbocations are more stable than secondary, which are more stable than primary.

Option A (Diethyl ether) is correct because Williamson's synthesis is a method for preparing ethers by reacting an alkoxide with a haloalkane.

Option C (Denatured spirit) is correct because denatured spirit is alcohol made undrinkable by adding substances like pyridine and methanol.

Option B (Weakly acidic) is correct because phenol can donate a proton but is not a strong acid.

Option D (Diastase) is correct because diastase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down starch into maltose.

Option D (On reduction it yields phenol) is correct because the reduction of benzaldehyde yields benzyl alcohol, not phenol.

Option C (Both (1) and (2)) is correct because both ethanol (C2H5OH) and iodoform are used as antiseptics.

Option A (Phenol) is correct because phenol is a well-known antiseptic and disinfectant, commonly used in carbolic soaps and other applications.

Option D (NaOH) is correct because saponification is the hydrolysis of an ester using a strong base like NaOH to produce a soap (salt of a fatty acid) and alcohol.

Option B (Diethyl ether) is correct because ethyl iodide reacts with dry $\mathrm{A}{\mathrm{g}_2}\mathrm{O}$ to produce diethyl ether.

Option A (Phenol is weaker than carbonic acid) is correct because phenol does not react with sodium bicarbonate ($\mathrm{NaHC}{\mathrm{O}_3}$), indicating it's a weaker acid than carbonic acid, which is formed when $\mathrm{NaHC}{\mathrm{O}_3}$ reacts with an acid.

Option D ((CH3)3COH) is correct because tertiary alcohols react fastest with Lucas reagent due to the formation of a stable tertiary carbocation.

Option C (Methyl ethyl ether) is correct because the sequence of reactions leads to the formation of an ether via Williamson ether synthesis.

Option D (34 $^\circ C$) is correct because diethyl ether lacks hydrogen bonding, resulting in a significantly lower boiling point compared to ethanol, despite having a higher molecular weight.

Option A (48% alcohol by weight) is correct because proof spirit contains approximately 48% alcohol by weight or 57.1% by volume.

Option B (4) is correct because there are four structural isomers of alcohols with the formula C4H10O: butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, and 2-methylpropan-2-ol.